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none,few,some,any,...

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3.13 none, few, some, any, one, ones
 
一、 none 無
  1) none作主語,多與of 構成短語 none of。 在答語中,none可單獨使用。      
  Are there any pictures on the wall? None.
  2) none作主語,謂語動詞單複數均可。但如做表語,則其單複數與表語一致。
    It is none of your business.
  
二、few 一些,少數
  few 作主語時,謂語動詞用複數,多用於肯定句。

三、some 一些
  1) 可與複數名詞及不可數名詞連用。
  2) 當做"某一"解時,也可與單數名詞連用。(= a certain)
    You will be sorry for this some day.
    總有一天,你會後悔這件事的。
    A certain (some) person has seen you break the rule.
    某些人不同意你的看法。

注意:
  (1)在肯定疑問句中用some代替any。
  (2)some用於其他句式中:
    a. 肯定疑問句中:說話人認爲對方的答案會是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答時。
    Would you like句式中,表委婉請求或建議,如:
      Would you like some coffee?
    b. 在條件狀語從句中表示確定的意義時,如:
    If you need some help,let me know.
    c.  some位於主語部分,
    Some students haven't been there before.
    d.  當否定的是整體中的部分時,some可用於否定句。如:
    I haven't heard from some of my old friends these years.
    這些年我沒有收到一些老朋友的信。

四、any 一些
  1) any 多用於否定句和疑問句和條件狀語從句中。
  當句中含有任何的意思時,any可用於肯定句。
   Here are three novels. You may read any. 這有三本小說,你可任讀一本。

五、one, ones 爲複數形式
  ones必須和形容詞連用。如果替代的名詞時無形容詞在前,則用some, any,而不
用ones。
  Have you bought any rulers? Yes,I 've bought some.

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