2018年3月10日託福真題解讀
本次和大家分享的是2018年3月10日託福真題解讀的內容。參加本場托福考試的同學考得如何呢?本次托福考試考到了哪些託福真題呢?有沒有遇到加試呢? 下面小編給大家分享一下。
2018年3月10日託福聽力真題回憶及解析(超準)
Conversation 1
話題分類：課外活動場景(學生和工作人員)
內容回憶：討論室裏書被挪走，被一個project佔了，管理員去問工作人員，說是他們要參加比賽纔去那裏練習。工作人員說管不了，project在那裏是被允許的，反而是你們沒有預約就用場地。然後學生表示雖然比賽不是什麼大事，但是還是希望可以have fun。
參考聽力：
TPO42C2 find a rehearsal space
TPO30C1 Arrange A Work Space For His Photography Club
Conversation 2
話題分類：校園日常生活場景(學生和工作人員)
內容回憶：一個女生去圖書館，路過一個wellness fair(健康展會)，順便幫她舍友提交一份工作申請。然後，去了之後，跟工作人員聊天，順便了解了鍛鍊的兩種形式，她覺得柔韌性的低強度訓練比較適合她。
參考聽力：TPO8C2 Health Club
Conversation 3
話題分類：論文作業場景(學生與教授)
內容回憶：教授諮詢小組作業project的進度，只來了一個人，問那倆咋沒來，學生說因爲他們訓練調時間正好衝突，不過她會回去轉述的。然後學生開始闡述了project：運費如何影響網購行爲調查，關於人們會總因爲一些因素買沒用的或本來不想要的東西。還說了都怎麼做採訪、把問題舉例給老師：舉了T-shirt 例子，買體恤倆價格組合選哪個。最後說因爲學校不讓髮網頁，只能在dinning room調研。
參考聽力：TPO44C1 Problem of a research project
Lecture 1
話題分類：生物類
內容回憶：動物怎麼防止被天敵追捕，有三個方法，一個是放信號，同伴就很快反應就可以逃跑了，舉了船隊的例子。第二個方法是herd分散逃跑，天敵就不知道追哪一個了，舉了斑馬的例子。第三個是羣體數量足夠大，但這個方法只有很少的證據支撐，所以不能下定論。
參考聽力：TPO17L4 Defense Mechanism of Octopus
Lecture 2
話題分類：藝術類
內容回憶：講了dorant的一幅畫人類與自然的關係面裏有大數大山瀑布流水,但是畫裏的倆人卻在交談沒有在看景色。提到畫的有很多detail，是因爲dorant之前受到過訓練。畫中的流水潺潺表明了生活也是這樣不斷變化，卻在不斷前行着。說畫的景色是實際中有的這就吸引了很多人去實際景色去看這樣畫作的意義。除了畫本身展示的人與自然關係也讓大家去自然景色中去體驗達到了兩次影響雖然這類畫很多都是抨擊人類破壞大自然的，有人說這幅畫也能看出來這意思，但是教授說並沒有看出來。畫中人物摘了帽子交談等也體現了大自然是人類Relax 等的地方的意圖。
參考聽力：TPO19L4Cecilia Beaux--Portraits
Lecture 3
話題分類：經濟學
內容回憶：當你在一個地方stick住了，你要怎麼有創造性地解決。男生舉了一個例子說他做assignment的時候也遇到了這種情況。教授就講了2個方法一個A一個N, 其中A方法是把一件事情拆開一個一個解決，舉了看電影的例子。
參考聽力：TPO34L4 the Life Cycle of Innovation
Lecture 4
話題分類天文學
內容回憶流星撞擊地球過程中燃燒變小。流星足夠大的話，就到地球表面了。造成很大傷害然後到表面因爲熱量大，會有很多 melt rock;原本 dating rock可以幫助瞭解這個流星是多久前掉的，但是 rock被 melt以後裏面的一些測量分子就會重新變狀態，而測 melt rock的技術現在不夠。中間提到澳大利亞有很多流星隕石如果技術發展好了可以有很多發現甚至可以預測未來隕石啥時候到，教授對這尤其感興趣。
參考聽力：TPO13L4 Meteorites
Lecture 5
話題分類：心理學
內容回憶：看電視不好，但是有研究證明一些教育類的電視節目對於孩子的成長是有利的，能提高academic abilities，但這種影響長期纔會顯現。然後講到社交能力，社交能力的提升是不明顯的，因爲社交能力有很多因素影響，所以測量不準確。
參考聽力：TPO43L2 Approximate Number Sense
Lecture 6
話題分類：人類學
內容回憶：講的central town。有人認爲是經濟政治中心統治周邊小地區。但很多鎮子沒看到武裝fortify，有些小鎮過於偏遠，所以判斷不是因爲要做political economic中心，而只是長途trade的一個停靠點。
參考聽力：TPO44L3 New Guinea
2018年3月10日託福口語真題回憶及解析(超準)
Task1
考題回憶：Your foreign friend is considering coming to your country to visit, but he/she doesn’t know how to plan the trip. What suggestions of transportation do you give him/her?
話題分類：事件
解題思路：這道題首先從答題結構上已經很明顯了，讓我們做一個推薦，通常採用的結構就是先總說推薦是什麼，然後分兩個論點去說一下這個推薦的兩個好處分別是什麼就可以了。這道題明顯就可以推薦take the subway。第一個分論點說便捷快速，best way to travel far within a short period, no traffic jams. 第二個論點段就說比較environment-friendly, 因爲是採用electricity進行驅動，不emit air pollutants,爲保護環境make contribution.
參考範文：From my perspective of view, I would definitely recommend taking the subway as a transportation. There are a couple of reasons to name.
To begin with, taking the subway is the best choice to travel far within a short period. Taking the bus and driving a car also seem quite fast, but you will wait in line and travel even as slowly as a tortoise if rush hours come. However, rush hours cannot stop the subway.
Moreover, taking the subway is an environment-friendly method. All the trains are driven by electricity so that no air pollutants will be emitted. Thus this will help the visitors make more contribution to protecting the environment here.
For the above reasons, I would suggest taking the subway.
錄音範文配有錄音
Task 2
考題回憶：A big cooperation is planning to invest in a factory in your hometown. This factory will create many job opportunities for people, but also bring a lot of pollution at the same time. Do you agree or disagree?
話題分類：事件
解題思路：這道題是典型的是否同意某一事情的題目，同意的話就說該事件的兩個優點，不同意的話就說該事件的兩個缺點，通常情況下說優點會相比較於說缺點更好說一些。投資開廠的優點有：1 可以吸引更多的資金投入進來，創造更多的就業崗位，拉動GDP，並且帶動家鄉的經濟發展，提高百姓的生活水平. 2 可以讓家鄉的資源得以充分利用，並且能夠以成品的形勢走出去，從而提升家鄉的知識度，從而之後吸引更多的關注，獲得更多方面的資金支持。
參考範文： As far as I’m concerned, I long for that for a while. There are a couple of reasons to name.
To begin with, citizens in my hometown will live a higher-level life. After the investment in the factory, more capital will be distributed to create jobs and bring the GDP to a higher level. In return, local citizens can get more salary by working.
Moreover, my hometown may become well known and in the concerns of the government. Resources here are taken good advantages of and increasing products will be sold. Consequently, the town will have a higher reputation and the government officers may offer help to the development
In conclusion, I can’t agree more.
錄音範文配有錄音
Task 3
考題回憶：閱讀部分公告：學校打算開個舊書市場
原因1: 學校給學生提供了買書的地方
原因2：學生用完了可以賣回給學校
聽力部分女生贊成
原因1：可以省錢買書，以前買過一本歷史書100刀，現在可以省錢
原因2：以前買的書都不捨得扔，都在宿舍堆着，現在好了，可以賣了
話題分類：學校計劃
解題思路：本題在進行作答的時候，先簡要說閱讀材料裏面的學校設施會有什麼樣的變化，而後加上這樣做的兩點原因，緊接着一句過渡的話，引出聽力中主角先同這樣的變化，再跟上主角闡述這一觀點時所給的兩點原因即可
參考範文： The university is going to open a market selling old books. There are two reasons for this. Firstly, it offers the students a good place to buy textbooks and also these books can be sold back to school after being used
And the woman in the conversation agrees with it for two reasons. Firstly, it can help students save money when buying books. For example, she once bought a history book at the price of 100 dollars. But now, it will be far less than that. What’s more, books the students bought and finished using are stored in dormitory and this would not only take up much space but also be a waste of resources. So selling these books is a perfect solution to this.
錄音範文配有錄音
Task 4
考題回憶：閱讀部分標題：value analysis
定義：想辦法降低成本，賺取更多收益
聽力部分例子：一個camera公司生產pocket camera，賣的很好，公司還在賣東西的時候調查，發現大家對於case不是很care，他們覺得皮質的太浪費了，所以公司決定把皮的case換成尼龍，既節約了成本，camera仍然很流行
話題分類：社會科學/商業管理
解題思路：先說閱讀材料講了什麼概念，再說這個概念的定義，而後過渡一下說教授在聽力講座中用一個具體的例子來解釋了這個概念。緊接着是複述這個例子，在例子中要注意抓住體現這裏面的商家是誰，它生產什麼產品的成本是，怎麼去賺取利潤，以及通過怎樣的方式使得利潤最大化。
參考範文： The reading is about an academic topic known as value analysis which refers to a strategy that a business will try everything to lower the cost and make more profits.
And in the lecture the professor gives an example to explain this. According to the lecture, a camera company produced pocket camera. The camera sold quite good and the company got tremendous profits. However, when selling the camera, the company also did a survey and found that customers did not care too much about the case. So they thought it was a wasted of resources to make the case from fur and they exchanged it with nylon. As a result, the cost was lowered but the camera was also a hit.
錄音範文配有錄音
Task 5
考題回憶：問題：明天有presentation，男生要打印海報，還沒設計完，但學校的打印店還有一小時關門，明天上課前都不開門。
兩個解決方案：
1.一小時內加速做完，趕着去打印，但質量不會很高
2.去外面打印店，時間充裕，但會貴。
話題分類：時間問題
解題思路：本題在作答時先簡要描述男生碰到的問題是什麼，然後說明兩個解決方案分別是怎麼做的，注意在此處不要去點評解決方案的好處或壞處。再挑選其中的一個方案，比如方案1，說兩個理由，第一個理由說方案1的優點，第二個理由說方案1的缺點怎麼解決。
參考範文： The man’s problem is that he has not finished designing the poster for the presentation tomorrow but the print shop closes in an hour till tomorrow. There are two possible solutions. The first one is finish the design in an hour and print it before the shop is closed, and the second solution is to print the poster in shops outside the campus. I would recommend the second solution for two reasons.
First of all, the man can have sufficient time to finish the design and the quality of it will be high enough that he may get praised tomorrow after the presentation. Although it may be a little bit expensive to print the poster in shops outside the campus, that is not a lot of money and he can do some part-time job to earn the money.
錄音範文配有錄音
Task 6
考題回憶：話題：dragonfly 是most effective predator
要點1：compound eyes 視野大
例子1：可以看到獵物從各個方向，即使蚊子不說從正面飛來也可以
要點2：腦中有個計算系統，可以感知獵物的飛行速度
例子2：蚊子分來可以預測path和speed，所以蚊子根本無處可逃。
話題分類：生命科學
解題思路：先總說整篇文章講的是dragonfly 是most effective predator的兩個理由。 第一個理由是compound eyes給了它broad field of vision，比如它可以從各個方向看到獵物，即使蚊子從正面飛來也可以，都能夠精確定位獵物。再說第二個方面是它腦中有個computing system，可以percept the speed of flying prey。比如蚊子來了之後，dragonfly可以預測其path和speed而後進行處我調整以進行捕食，蚊子將無處可逃
參考範文： In the lecture, the professor talks about two reasons why the dragonfly is the most effective predator.
The first one is that compound eyes give them a broad field of vision. With the help of compound eyes, the dragonfly can clearly see preys flying from all directions, including in the very front so that no preys will be omitted.
The second one is that they have a computing system to predict the flying speed of the preys. This system is sophisticated enough to work out the speed the preys nearby travel at and the dragonfly can make adaption to capture them. For example, when approaching the dragonfly, the mosquitos’ path and speed will be worked out in a short time. And the dragonfly will take actions and the mosquitos have nowhere to hide and finally become meals of the dragonfly.
2018年3月10日託福閱讀真題回憶及解析(超準)
Passage one
學科分類
題目
生態學
The distribution of animals and plants
內容回憶
植物在全球的分佈有很大的相似性而不同大陸的動物相似性卻比較低。原因有三個。一是在大陸分裂成各個板塊前植物就已經有了廣泛的分佈，所以現在即使不同的大陸可以看見同一種植物，而動物則相反。二是動物（準確講是哺乳動物）的很多物種在大陸分離後都滅絕或者被新物種取代了。三是即使大陸分離了植物也有辦法跨越大陸與大陸間的巨大gap而動物沒有辦法做到。
參考閱讀
TPO19 P2 Succession, Climax, and Ecosystems
TPO22 P1 Spartina
TPO30 P2 The Pace of Evolutionary Change
TPO31 P1 Speciation in Geographically Isolated Populations
Passage two
學科分類
題目
商業類+歷史
The Impact of Industrialization on Labor Systems
內容回憶
人口增長、工具以及機械的進步和發展，由於家庭關係的改變導致特殊分工的出現。人口增長，就業壓力變大，農田並沒有那麼多，所以不得不接受新的工作崗位。工業發展使工人們開始有各種分工，都是負責每一個人的step，機械會取代勞動力，所以工人開始負責不同的任務分工。由此會導致工人安全感下降，因爲崗位非常容易被其他人取代。舉例說了英國早期，工人們會聚集在一起討論工資，這個時候還不算工業化。討論人們爲什麼願意接受不熟悉的工作原因人口增長，他們沒田可種。
參考閱讀
TPO14 P1 Children and Advertising
TPO17 P1 Europe's Early Sea Trade with Asia
TPO25 P2 The Decline of Venetian Shipping
TPO26 P1 Energy and the Industrial Revolution
Passage three
學科分類
題目
生態學
Evidence of Zooxanthellae in Fossilized Corals
內容回憶
還有一片珊瑚和z的寄生關係，珊瑚提供保護z提供光合作用產生的二氧化碳，但寄生珊瑚不能在太低溫度或太深的海底因爲光照不到，z光合作用也就不行了，但有些也不是寄生的，判斷寄生方法是同位素，z需要c12而非c13，多餘c13排放被珊瑚吸收 ，所以13多的珊瑚就存在寄生關係，判斷化石生長速度，用x ray類似年輪珊瑚之所以沒有寄生關係是，隨着海底深度下降生長速度不變。
參考閱讀
TPO19 P2 Succession, Climax, and Ecosystems
TPO22 P1 Spartina
TPO30 P2 The Pace of Evolutionary Change
TPO31 P1 Speciation in Geographically Isolated Populations
所考詞彙
constraints on=limitations on
appropriate=suitable
sustain=continue
profoundly=deeply
conspicuous=easily noticed
endure=withstand
surplus=extra
task=job
immense = huge
surge = sudden increase
quantify = calculate
accelerated = speed up
exploit = take advantage of
optimal = most favorable
excrete = release
stationary = fixed
in response to = as a result of
depositing = putting
sculpt = shape
drastic = very significant
intact = whole
annual = yearly
subsequent = later
observation = finding
vulnerable = unprotected
components= pieces
peak = maximum
gradual = slow
adapt = adjust
mechanisms = means
ultimately = eventually
kept in check = prevented
securing = getting
2018年3月10日託福寫作真題回憶及解析(超準)
綜合寫作
話題分類：生命科學
考題回憶：總論點Amalgam should be prohibited in dental repairs
閱讀部分：
gam is harm to people’s health, which will invade in nervous system and bring series of illness.
2. Mercury in Amalgam will drain into waterways, polluting rivers and lakes.
3. There are substitutes of Amalgam, such as gold and ceramic.
聽力部分
recent study shows that with a small amount of mercury, human body will not be harmed.
of dentists have a solution to prevent mercury from flowing into sewer systems to pollute environment.
3. Mercury has lots of advantages.
解題思路：從閱讀觀點邏輯分析，爲“物品優劣”。閱讀認爲Amalgam(一種汞合金)應該在牙醫行業中禁止使用，並論述了Amalgam三方面的缺點。聽力逐一反駁，認爲這些缺點可以避免同時還存在一些優點。
參考範文：The reading material believes that Amalgam should be prohibited in dental repairs. However, the professor in the listening refutes the idea of the reading and provides reasons from three aspects.
Firstly, the reading argues that Amalgam is harm to people’s health, which will invade in nervous system and bring series of illness. By contrast, the professor hold the view that the recent study shows that with a small amount of mercury, human body will not be harmed. Furthermore, Those people who are affected significantly as reading mentioned are allergic.
Secondly, the reading material gives another threat of Amalgam. Mercury in Amalgam will drain into waterways, polluting rivers and lakes. However, the lecture clearly indicates that most of dentists have a separator in their offices, a kind of filter which can collect solid materials and prevent water with mercury from flowing into sewer systems to pollute body of water.
Finally, the reading material insist that There are substitutes of Amalgam, such as gold and ceramic. On the contrary, the professor refute with some details. He says that mercury has lots of advantages. It can last longer than other materials in human's wet mouth. Also, gold is expensive. It can increase cost of dental by 12 billion dollars every year.
獨立寫作
話題分類：工作
考題回憶：Which one is the most important factor to help you work productively:
A. Having an environment free of noise and distractions;
B. Knowing that you will receive a reward;
C. Doing something you are interested in.
解題思路：這次是一道三選一，有關“怎麼才能高產的工作”。我的立場是興趣能夠人們更有創造力的工作，具體可以從如下三方面展開：
“興趣是最好的老師”。不言而喻，通往個人成功的第一步就是擁有
情感上的偏好，這是學習和工作的最大動力。興趣還能使人保持振作的精神，並且抵制厭倦與疲憊情緒的產生。
選擇喜歡的工作能夠使工作本身充滿樂趣。幸福往往在於過程，而並非最後的結果。從某種程度上講，興趣就像一位陪伴左右，並使人時常開心的好友。
在任何工作中都會遇到困難。心理學家告訴我們，如果我們確切地知道想要什麼且要的是正確的東西，那我們最終就會得到它。
