循規蹈矩：discipline的意思和用法講解

I've met a lot of talented people over the years. How many of them made it professionally without discipline, commitment and really good work ethic? I can tell you. I can count it on two fingers.

——Boyhood

這些年，我見過很多有天賦的人，你認爲他們之中有多少人能夠在不自律，沒有決心和職業道德的情況下成爲專業人士？我可以告訴你，我兩個手指頭就能數完了

——《少年時代》 

一、你知道discipline有幾種含義嗎？

n.

1.紀律 [U] the practice of training people to obey rules and orders and punishing them if they do not; the controlled behaviour or situation that results from this training

She was a harsh mother and imposed severe discipline on her children.

她是位嚴厲的母親，用嚴格的紀律管束自己的孩子。

2.訓練 [C] a method of training your mind or body or of controlling your behaviour; an area of activity where this is necessary

Strict discipline is imposed on army recruits.

新兵受到嚴格的訓練。

3.處罰 [U] penalty

Wouldn't this form of discipline be considered a code red?

這種形式的處罰可以認爲是屬於“紅色條規”嗎？

4.學科 [C] an area of knowledge; a subject that people study or are taught, especially in a university

Dynamics is a discipline that cannot be mastered without extensive practice.

動力學是一門不做大量習題就不能掌握的學科。

v.

1.訓練，訓導，使有紀律，使有條理 [T] to train sb, especially a child, to obey particular rules and control the way they behave

Parents have to discipline their children.

做父母的必須管教自己的子女。

2.處罰，懲戒 [T] to punish sb for sth they have done

The teacher discipline the class by giiving them extra homework.

那教師佈置額外的家庭作業來處罰學生 。

二、詞義辨析：有哪些詞彙能表示“訓練”的意思

drill, exercise, practice, training, discipline

這些名詞都有“練習、訓練、鍛鍊”之意。

drill側重進行有系統的，嚴格和重複的練習。

exercise主要指爲強壯體魄而進行的鍛鍊，也可指進行練習以保持已經獲得的技巧。

practice指把所學的理論或知識用於實踐以獲得技藝與技巧。

training普通用詞，泛指爲從事某種職業而進行的身體或智力方面的訓練。

discipline既可指訓練又可指爲達到某種熟練程度而進行的約束。

三、最後，做個填詞遊戲吧

Yoga is a good __________ for learning to relax.
瑜伽是一種學習放鬆的有效訓練。