虚拟语气6
虚拟语气进阶版之
含蓄性条件句
在表示假设的虚拟语气中，有时假设的条件并不以条件从句的形式出现，而是通过上下文或句中内在的逻辑关系，或用其它形式表达出来，这就是“含蓄条件句”。常用的有以下四种：1. 用without, with, in, under, but for等介词短语、分词短语或独立主格替代条件从句。
1) without, with without表示否定的条件，意为if…not；with与without意义相反，表示肯定的条件。
Without air (= If there were no air) , there would be no living things. 如果没有空气，就不会有生物。
With her help (= If I had her help), I would do the experiment well. 如果有他的帮助，我会做好这个实验。
2) under：Under the leadership of a less experienced person (= If there had been the leadership of a less experienced person), the experiment would have failed. 要是一个没有经验的人领导，这个实验就失败了。
3) in：I would have lost my head in that position (in that position = if I had been in that position) 我处在那种情况下，是会丧失理智的。
4) but for (如果没有)：But for their help (= If it were not for their help), we could not get over the difficulties. 要不是他们的帮助，我们是克服不了这些困难的。
2. 连接词or / otherwise (否则，要不然), but, but that (要不是)
He felt very tired yesterday, or he would have attended the party. 他昨天很累，不然他就参加那个聚会了。
He was having a meeting, otherwise he would have come over to help us. 他当时正在开会，否则他就会来帮助我们了。
I should have returned the book last week, but I was so busy that I forgot to do so. 我本来应该在上周归还那本书的，但我太忙了，把这件事给忘了。
But that you had seen me in the water, I would have drowned. 要不是你看见我掉在水里，我早就被淹死了。
3. 分词短语：
United (= If they had been united), they wouldn’t have been defeated. 他们要是团结起来，就不会被打败。
Seen from a high mountain (= If it were seen from a high mountain), the field in which wheat is growing would look like a great green sea. 倘若从高山上看，麦田就像一片碧绿的大海。
4.“名词+and”结构：
One step further and you would be dead. (= If you took one step further, you would be dead.) 再往前走一步，你就会死。
