雅思寫作優缺點題型指南
在雅思寫作的大作文中，有一類常見的題目就是分析與討論“Do you think their advantages outweigh their disadvantages ?”，這就是我們俗稱的“advantage VS disadvantage”問題。不少烤鴨都曾向小兔抱怨，面對這類題目，不知道該如何分析，如何選擇立場，如何展開，今天，就爲大家分享一篇全面的寫作指南，相信這篇文章可以解決大家關於“advantage VS disadvantage”的所有疑惑!
雅思寫作優缺點題型指南
首先，假設這是一個口語問題，大家回想一下：提問的句子，首先需要回答的是什麼?
應該是Yes, I do/Yes, it does. No, I don’t/ No, it doesn’t.
這就反映出了：你需要給出你的觀點。放到寫作裏，你就需要表明你的態度，是advantages多呢還是disadvantages多呢?二者取其一。所以，這樣提問方式的雅思作文，應該要有明確的態度，不要中立。
在首段的寫作裏，和其它所有類型的文章一樣，都是先寫背景，然後引出話題。需要注意的就是首段最後一句話，需要你明確的表明觀點。
下面我們結合例子來討論，：
【示例】
Multicultural societies are mixtures of ethnic groups. Do you think their advantages outweigh their disadvantages?
【首段範例】
The multicultural groups have become much more common than before due to the increased communications among various ethical groups. Both pros and cons are involved in relation to this onally, I believe that there are more advantages than disadvantages.
首段是比較簡單的，依循洋八股的套路，背景——引出——表明觀點即可。
下面就進入到主題論述段。首先，論述段的結構，一定是先寫topicsentence (present a main idea);然後(extend)解釋topicsentence;最後是(support)，support部分使用舉例證明、因果證明或者假設條件句證明，或者其它合適的證明方法都可。
在論述段需要注意的是，雖然你有一個明確的觀點，也就是要麼支持advantages，要麼支持disadvantages.但是這並不意味着你寫主體論述段的時候是一邊倒的結構。相反，千萬不要一邊倒。因爲，如果你是支持advantages，那麼試問，你怎麼來論證advantages大於disadvantages呢?自然而然我們就會想到對比。因爲advantages多，disadvantages少;或者advantages程度大，disadvantages程度小。所以advantagesoverweigh disadvantages才能成立。
換句話說，你既需要提到advantages,又要說到disadvantages.那麼在整體結構上，就是雙邊論證。這一點和discussboth views一樣，兩邊都要去論述。但是不同的地方在於，discussboth views需要你論述強度相當，而advantages overweigh disadvantages需要你有一個側重點，從而反映advantages大於disadvantages.
從段落分配上，你可以一共寫兩個論述段，也可以寫三個論述段。這一點考官不在乎你怎麼安排。我個人建議寫三段。結構如下：
第二段：好處1;具體解釋好處1;舉例證明好處1。
第三段：好處2;具體解釋好處2;舉例或者假設條件句來證明好處2。
第四段：壞處1;具體解釋壞處1;舉例證明壞處1。
現在常說這樣的結構就是：主體段+讓步段。那麼到底先寫主體段還是先寫讓步段呢?這一點我沒有和考官探討過。我自己一貫的寫法是先寫核心觀點的段落，後寫讓步段。理由是，我的第一段最後一句話是表明觀點的句子。接下來我用兩段話來論證我的核心觀點，是順理成章且很自然的銜接和邏輯。
如果第一段最後一句給出觀點，下面緊跟的第二段寫讓步段，實際上就是寫和自己觀點完全相反的內容。我覺得這樣寫，有一點思維跳躍，段落與段落之間的cohesion and coherence會被扣分。再次說明，這只是我自己的觀點，我一直這麼寫，考官沒有過質疑，因此我也就沒有專門和考官討論是不是就是應該這樣，把讓步段放到後面去。
寫完主體論述部分後，就是最後一段的總結了。和discuss both views不同之處在於，discuss both views需要你新論述一個你的看法，而advantages overweigh its disadvantages就不需要了。只需要你直接總結你主體論述部分已經給出的觀點就可以了。相對來說其實簡單一些。
【結論段舉例】(題目同開頭段舉例一樣)
In conclusion, I agree that both positive and negative aspects should be considered when talking about multicultural societies. However, I believe that the tendency should been couraged, since the advantages overwhelm the disadvantages.
【再以我的一篇練習文章的結論段舉例】
By and large, private companies do more than help to provide patients efficient and targeted therapy. They also offer detailed services to clients. Although the service cost in such places is relatively higher than it is in normal public hospitals, the effect and efficiency of their treatment cannot be disregarded. They are a kind of reliable supplement to public hospitals, providing alternatives to customers’demands.
順便說一下，從考官的評語來看，考官對寫作題目所持觀點和我是不一樣的，但是這並不影響他給我的作文評分。他的評分還是嚴格按照雅思評分標準來的。所以我想說，寫作，不要在乎你的觀點，只要你能自圓其說，按照標準格式去論證，那你就可能獲得你想要的分數。
雅思大作文寫作資料：表示優點和缺點
表優點的幾個方面：
Equip sb. with sth.
Cost-efective
Give sb. a sense of independence.
Benefit the society as a whole.
Broaden their horizons. Have a broder view of life
The price is worth paying.
Not necessarily all bad
Work for the public good
表缺點的幾個方面：
Time-consuming
Make no economic sense
Economically worthless
Out of date
A waste of time
雅思作文優缺點範文賞析
The advantages and disadvantages of globalization
Globalization is such a commonly used term in the twentiethcentury. It simply means that the world has become integrated economically, socially, politically and culturally through the advances of technology, transportation and communication. It is undeniable that globalization has resulted in both positive and negative effects which must be addressed accordingly.
To begin with, globalization has contributed to the world’s economies in many beneficial ways. The advances in science and technology have allowed businesses to easily cross over territorial boundary lines. Consequently, companies tend to become more productive and competitive thereby raising the quality of goods, services and the world’s living standard.
Secondly, several companies from the more developed countries have already ventured to establish foreign operations or branches to take advantage of the low cost of labor in the poorer countries. This kind of business activity will provide more influx of cash or investment funds into the less developed countries.
However, one cannot deny the negative effects which havederived from globalization. One crucial social aspect is the risk and danger of epidemic diseases which can easily be spread as the transportation becomes easier and faster in today’s advanced society. This is evidenced in the recent birds flu disease which has infected most Asian countries over a short period of time.
As large corporations invest or take over many offshore businesses, a modern form of colonization will also evolve which may pose certain power pressure on the local governments of the less developed countries. Unemployment rates in the more developed regions such as Europe may also escalate as corporations choose to outsource to the cheaper work force from Asian countries.
In conclusion. I like to reiterate that globalization is inevitable and we must urge individuals, companies and governments to use a more balanced approach by taking the appropriate steps to deal with matters relating to the financial or economical gains verses the social, political or ecological concerns of the world.
怎樣使你的雅思寫作句型富有變化
句式就是句子的結構方式，也就是句子的式樣或格式。不同的思想內容要用不同的句式來表達;而同一思想內容也可以用不同的句式來表達。句式不同，表達效果也就不同。只有句式多樣化，文章纔會生動有趣，充滿活力。可是，在實際寫作中，初學寫作的學生往往一篇文章都是千篇一律的簡單句，文章單調乏味，毫無生氣。筆者認爲，恰當地使用某些方法或手段有助於實際表達形式的多樣化，增強表達效果。茲將常用方法簡單介紹如下。
一、改變句子開頭
許多學生在寫作中傾向於用與人有關係的詞性，用名詞和代詞作爲句子的開頭，如 People，We，I，He，They，She等。但這種開頭見多了，難免讓人厭倦。試比較：
le throughout the country have greatly demanded all kinds of nutritious food.
e is a great demand across the country for all kinds of nutritious food.
第一句改用非人稱名詞作爲主語開頭，第二句則用there +be句型開頭。這樣既改變了主語+謂語+賓語單調句型，又把想強調的意思突出出來。實際上，爲了把文章寫得生動活潑，除了用主語開頭外，還可以用句子的其他成分開頭。
1.用副詞開頭
Too often，students stray into the habit of cheating on tests.
2.用同位語開頭
Air，water and oxygen，everything that is necessary for life.
3.用狀語開頭
Dark and empty，the house looked very different from the way I remembered it.
4.用表語開頭
Equally essential to the highest success in learning a language are intense interest plus persistent effort.
5.用賓語開頭
My advice you would not listen to;my helps you laughed you will have what you asked for.
6.以短語修飾語開頭
1)以介詞短語開頭
To me the news was very interesting，but to my wife very boring.
2)以分詞短語開頭
Disturbed by the discord of American life in recent decades，Menchester took flight for the pacific islands.
3)以不定式短語開頭
To pass the exam，you should work very hard.
二、巧用連接詞
有的學生在作文中使用過多簡單句，成了簡單句堆砌;有的寫複雜句時，動輒用so， and，then，but，or，however，yet等非但達不到豐富表達方式的目的，反而使句子結構鬆散、呆板。爲了避免這種現象，可以通過使用連接詞，尤其是一些表示從屬關係的連接詞，如 who，which，that，because，since，although，after，as，before，when，whenever，if，unless，as if等，不僅能夠豐富句型，而且還能夠把思想表達得更清楚，意義更連貫。例如：
Natural resources are very will be exhausted in the near is not it becomes a major concern around the is a widely accepted fact.
這段文字用簡單句表達，它們之間內在的邏輯關係含糊不清，意思支離破碎。如果使用連接詞，將單句與其前後合併，形成主次關係，就把一個比較複雜的內容和關係表達得層次清楚、結構嚴謹。例如：
It is a widely accepted fact that there is a major concern around the world for the exhaustion of limited natural resources in the near future，though it is unlikely to be true.
再如：
The Mississippi River is one of the longest rivers in the world，and in spring time it often overflows its banks，and the lives of many people are endangered.
此句用and把三個分句一貫到底，既乏味又可笑。如果使用了關係代詞which，語義就會更連貫，語言也會更流暢：
The Mississippi River，which is one of the longest rivers in the world，often overflows its banks in the spring time，endangering the lives of many people.
三、長短句交插
長句和短句是就句子的字數多少、形體長短而言的。長句和短句各有其優點和缺點。長句，因爲使用的定語、狀語較多，限制了概念的外延，增大了概念的內涵，所以比較精確、嚴密，但使用起來不夠活潑簡便。短句，由於字數少，直截了當，一般比較簡潔、明快、有力，但不利於表達複雜的語義內容。在具體語言活動中，最好長短句交替使用。這既體現了節奏上的要求，也是意義上的需要。例如：
(1)We can imagine the beautiful surroundings.(2)There are many trees along the streets.(3)There is a clean river in the city.(4) There are many fishes in the river.(5)There are willow trees on the one side.(6)There are some pieces of grassland on the other side.(7)There are many flowers on them.
文中七個句子都是簡單句，句型結構單一，而且句子長短同一，都在七、八詞左右，十分單調。下面是修改後的段落：
(1)Just imagine the beautiful surroundings if we make our cities greener.(2)Green trees line the streets.(3)A clean river winds through the city，in which a lot of fishes abound.(4)On the one side stand rows of willow trees.(5)On the other side lies a stretch of grassland sprinkled with many yellow and red flowers.
改寫後的這段文字，有長句(1)、(3)、(5)，也有短句(2)和(4)，一長一短，抑揚頓挫的節奏感就出來了。不僅句子長短交插，而且句型結構變化也很大，使文章流暢自然，生動活潑。
四、利用倒裝結構
英語的基本句型是S+V+O，如果偶爾打破常規，改變某一成分的位置，不僅可以豐富句型，而且能強調、突出被倒裝的部分，收到意想不到的表達效果。例如：
1)In no other place in the world can one find such enthusiasm for applying for hosting the 2008 Olympic Games.
2)Faith in the Chinese economic reforms the majority of people will never lose.
總之，英語的句式是多種多樣的，只要從要表達的內容出發合理選用，文章的句式就會富於變化。同時，在學習寫作的過程中，學生應不斷練習構造各種各樣句式，以提高語言表達能力。
