有關於英語句子結構分析
隨着社會的發展，英語已成爲個人甚至一個國家發展的重要工具，每個人都希望說一口流利的英文。小編精心收集了有關於英語句子結構，供大家欣賞學習!
1. 主語：表示句子所要說明或描述的人或事物，一般由名詞、代詞或相當於名詞的詞組或句子充當，置於句首。如：
It's getting cold. 天冷起來了。
Now everything is ready. 現在一切都準備好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老師對我們很好。
2. 謂語：說明或描述主語的動作、狀態或特徵，由動詞或動詞短語充當，位於主語之後。如：
Mother bought me a VCR. 媽給我買了一臺錄像機。
We have finished our work already. 我們已經完成了工作。
3. 表語：表示主語的身份、性質、狀態和特徵，一般由名詞、形容詞、或相當於名詞、形容詞的詞、短語或句子充當，位於連繫動詞之後，與連繫動詞一起構成句子的謂語。如：
Be careful! 小心!
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生氣。
His job is looking after sheep. 他的任務是看羊。
4. 賓語：指動作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名詞、代詞或相當於名詞的詞組或句子充當，位於動詞之後。如：
He wrote many plays. 他寫了許多劇本。
She loves swimming. 她喜歡游泳。
5. 賓語補足語：用來對賓語進行補充和說明，一般由名詞、非謂語動詞、形容詞等充當。如：
He told us to stay. 他叫我們留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我從未看見過她跳舞。
I found it difficult to refuse him. 我感到很難拒絕他。
6. 定語：對名詞或代詞進行修飾、限制或說明，一般由形容詞、名詞、代詞、數詞、介詞短語、非謂語動詞及句子等充當，位置可在所修飾的詞之前，也可在所修飾的詞之後(詳見形容詞一章)。如：
It's an interesting story. 那是一個有趣的故事。
Do you have time to help us? 你有時間幫助我們嗎?
Who is the woman being operated on? 正在動手術的女人是誰?
7. 狀語：用於修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞、短語或整個句子等，一般由副詞、介詞短語、非謂語動詞短語或句子充當。如：
We like English very much. 我們非常喜歡英語。
Her uncle lives in Canada. 她叔叔住在加拿大。
She was lying in bed reading. 她躺在牀上看書。
United we stand, divided we fall. 團結則存，分裂則亡。
8. 同位語：若兩個語法單位指同一個人或事物，並且，句法功能也一樣，那麼，後一項稱爲前一項的同位語。如：
This is my friend Harry. 這是我的朋友哈利。
We students should study hard. 我們學生應該努力學習。
9. 獨立成分：與句子其他成分沒有通常的語法關係，如插入語、感嘆語、呼語等，一般用逗號將它與句子隔開。如：
He's a nice person, to be sure. 肯定他是一個好人。
Strange to say, he did pass his exam after all. 說也奇怪，考試他竟然通過了。
有關於英語句子結構2句子是按照一定的語法規律組成的，表達一個完整的意義。一個句子一般由兩部分構成，即主語部分和謂語部分，這兩部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括賓語，定語，狀語，表語等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的組成部分。
1)主語：是一句的主體，是全句述說的對象，常用名詞，數詞或代詞擔任，一般放於句首。如：
Students study. (學生學習。)
We are friends.(我們是朋友)
這兩句話中單詞students是個名詞，we是代詞，它們在句中做主語。
2)謂語：是對主語加以陳述，表示主語的行爲或狀態，常用動詞或者動詞詞組擔任，放在主語的後面。如：
Students study. (學生學習。)
We are friends. (我們是朋友)
這兩句話中單詞study和are都是動詞，study叫做實意動詞，are叫做be動詞，它們在句中作謂語。
3)賓語：表示行爲的對象，常由名詞或者代詞擔任。放在及物動詞或者介詞之後。如：
They are teachers. ( 他們是老師。)
I play with him. (我和他一起玩。)
這兩句話中單詞teachers是名詞，單詞him是帶詞，它們在句中作賓語。
4)定語：是用來說明或者限制名詞的成分，常用形容詞或者相當於形容詞的短語或從句擔任。形容詞放在名詞之前，相當於形容詞的短語或從句放在名詞的後面。如：
This is a red sun.(這是個紅太陽.)
He is a tall boy.(他是個高個子男孩。)
這兩句話中單詞red和 tall都是形容詞，它們作定語。
5)狀語是用來說明動詞，形容詞，副詞或整個句子的成分。常由副詞擔任。修飾動詞時可以放在動詞之前，也可以放在動詞之後;修飾形容詞或副詞時放在它們之前。如：
The students study hard. (這些學生學習努力。)
I often write to him. (我常給他寫信。)
The bag is too heavy. (這個書包太重了。)
這三句話中單詞hard 和often修飾的都是動詞，第三句話中單詞too修飾的是形容詞，它們都作狀語。
6)表語：用來說明主語的性質或狀態。一般由名詞或者形容詞擔任。如：This table is long. (這個桌子是長的。)
通常情況下,主語和賓語前的成分是定語，謂語前的成分是狀語，時間詞作狀語放在句子後面。句子的成分分佈如下：
(定語) 主語 (狀語) 謂語 (定語) 賓語 (狀語)
如：(The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo.
(The happy) child --- went (his) home yesterday.
請分析下面句子的結構說出各個成分
1)I have two elder sisters. (我有兩個姐姐。)
2) They don't swim very well.(他們游泳不太好。)
3) Do you go to school every day? (你每天去上學嗎?)
4) I really want a cup of tea.(我真的想要一杯茶。)
5) Miss Smith teaches English very well.(史密斯先生教英語非常好。)
語法其實並沒有一些人想象的那麼可怕，其實裏面有很多趣味。
有關於英語句子結構3英語句子結構分析
The English sentence structure analysis
英語句子分爲簡單句和複合句。所謂的簡單句，就是一個句子中只包含一個主謂結構的句子。複合句又分成並列句和複雜句，下面我們分別對這三種情況加以簡要的分析。
The English sentence is divided into simple sentences and complex sentences. The so-called simple sentence, is a sentence containing only a subject-predicate sentence structure. Complex sentences into compound sentences and complex sentences, we have the following the three cases tries brief analysis.
1、簡單句
In 1, the simple sentence
簡單句，即只有一個主謂結構的句子。除了特殊情況，英語句子中都有主語、謂語(或表語)，有時候還有賓語;而且除了倒裝句等特殊句型，一般情況下，主語、謂語、賓語的先後順序是固定的，不可能賓語跑到謂語前面，或者謂語跑到主語前面。目前很多語法書都把英語的簡單句歸納爲五種基本句型。實際上，英語簡單句還可以簡化爲三種形式：
A simple sentence, i.e. only a subject-predicate sentence structure. Except in special cases, the English sentence has a subject, the predicate ( or a ), sometimes the object; in addition to a special sentence pattern, under normal circumstances, subject, predicate, object order is fixed, can not be the object to the predicate or predicate to the front, ahead of subject. At present a lot of grammar books are English simple sentence is classified into five basic sentence patterns. In fact, English simple sentences can be simplified into three forms:
主語 + 謂語(及物動詞) + 賓語;I hate grammar.
Subject + verb ( transitive verb + object ); I hate grammar.
主語 + 謂語(不及物動詞); Grammar sucks.
Subject + verb ( transitive verb ); Grammar sucks.
主語 + 系動詞 + 表語 Grammar is hell.
Subject + Verb + / Grammar is hell.
所以，我們在閱讀句子的時候，不管句子有多長，不管是並列句還是複合句，都必須首先分清各句中的主語、謂語(或表語)，有的句子中還包括賓語。因爲主語、謂語、賓語中英語句子的主幹，抓住了句子的主幹，句子的基本意思就清楚了。
Therefore, we read the sentence, no matter how long sentence, whether a compound or a complex sentence, must first distinguish the subject of a sentence, the predicate ( or a ), some sentences are also included in the object. Because the subject, object, predicate in English sentence trunk, captures the sentence trunk, basic sentence meaning clear.
2、並列句
In 2, the compound sentence
並列句就是兩個或以上的簡單句，由表示並列關係的連詞或標點符號連接而成。常見的連詞：and, not also, ... or, ... otherwise，but, yet, while, so, for等。閱讀中遇到並列關係的句子，一般情況下是以連詞爲界限，將句子分成前、後幾個部分，並分別來分析，各句的意思一般可以單獨理解，最後將各句合併即可。
The compound sentence is two or more simple sentences, indicated by a parallel relation conjunction or punctuation and connected. Common conjunctions: and, not only... But also, neither... Nor... Or, either... Or... Otherwise, but, yet, while, so, for etc.. Reading encountered in juxtaposed relation sentence, under normal circumstances is to conjunctions as boundaries, the sentence into several portions, respectively, and to analyze the sentence meaning, generally can be individually understood, finally merging each sentence can be.
I hate grammar, / while he loves it. (以while爲界，可分爲前後兩個小句子)
I hate / while he loves grammar, it. ( with while as the boundary, can be divided into two. )
3、 主從複合句
In 3, the complex sentence
主從複合句即是複雜句，它也是由兩個以上的句子構成。與並列不同的是，各分句之間的意思是緊密相連的，所以我們不能簡單地把各個句子拆開來看，而必須將各分句綜合起來進行理解。有時候，分句裏面有可能還包含分句。
The complex sentence is a complex sentence, it is composed of more than two sentences. And the difference is, the clauses mean are closely linked, so we can't simply take each sentence apart, and must be integrated to understand the clauses. Sometimes, there may also contain clauses clauses.
說到從句，我們還要介紹一下英語中的三大從句：名詞性從句，形容詞性從句和副詞性從句。三大從句之下又包括紛繁複雜的從句形式：
When it comes to clauses, we also introduce the three clauses in English: noun clauses, adjective clauses and adverbial clauses. The three clause is included complex clause form:
名詞性從句：主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句， 同位語從句
The noun clause: the subject clause, the object clause, predicative clause, apposition clause
形容詞性從句(定語從句)：限制性，非限制性
Adjective clause ( attributive clause ): restriction, unrestricted
副詞性從句(狀語從句)：時間，地點，原因，條件，目的，讓步，方式，結果
Adverb clauses ( clause ): time, place, reason, condition, concession, purpose, means, result
看到這裏，可能有些同學又會產生牴觸情緒了，其實這些細緻的劃分我們可以跳過，對於具體句子中的從句如何解決其實很簡單，你只需知道從句做什麼成分就可以了，從句做什麼成分，就是個什麼功能的從句。
See here, some students may also be conflicted emotions, in fact, the detailed classification we can skip, for in a specific sentence that how to solve it is actually very simple, you just need to know that what ingredients can be, clause do component, is what the function of clause.
The sad thing is that the ugly man with a lot of money chooses living alone. (表語)
The sad thing is that the ugly man with a lot of money chooses living alone. ( predicative )
What the ugly man chooses is living alone.(主語)
What the ugly man chooses is living alone. ( subject )
We all know that the ugly man chooses living alone.(賓語)
We all know that the ugly man chooses living alone. ( object )
The thing that the ugly man with a lot of money chooses living alone was known to everyone. (同位語)
The thing that the ugly man with a lot of money chooses living alone was known to everyone. ( appositive )
The ugly man who has a lot of money chooses living alone.(定語)
The ugly man who has a lot of money chooses living alone. ( attribute )
Although the ugly man has a lot of money, he chooses living alone.(狀語)
Although the ugly man has a lot of money, he chooses living alone. ( adverbial )
在閱讀這樣的複雜句的時候，首先要找出主句或從句從哪兒開始，到哪兒結束，首先理解主句的意思，最後再把從句的內容與主句綜合起來。
In reading such a complex sentence, clause or clause must first find out where to start, where the first end, understand the main point, finally the clause content clause together.
看了“有關於英語句子結構”的人還看了：
1.英語簡單句子結構分析
2.英語句子成分分析法大全
3.關於英語語法句子結構
4.關於英語句子語法分析
5.初中英語句子結構分析
