失業長達半年以上 就業困難大綱
If You're Unemployed for More Than 6 Months, Getting a Job Becomes Really Hard
倘若你失業長達6個月以上，就很難再就業了Lately, we tend to talk the fate of the long-term unemployed in terms of extending their unemployment benefits, partly because the machinations of Congress are easier to discuss than the vague hope that folks who've been out of work for 27 weeks or more will be able to find jobs. Worse, there's good evidence that many of them won't find work -- perhaps ever.
最近，我們經常從延長失業補助津貼方面來討論長時間失業人員的命運，某種程度上是因爲與失業長達27周以上的人能就業的微小希望相比，人們更容易認爲這是國會的陰謀。更糟糕的是，有很好的證據表明：他們將不能再就業——或許永遠都不能。"At the height of the jobs crisis, 6.8 million Americans had been unemployed for more than six months," writes Ben Casselman at Five Thirty Eight. "The number is much smaller today not because the long-term unemployed, as these Americans are defined by the Labor Department, have found jobs, but because they have given up looking for work. And 3.8 million long-term jobless in February is still three times as many as before the recession."
Ben Casselman在《五三八》上面寫道“在就業危機最嚴重的時期，680萬的美國人失業時間長達6個月以上。現在失業人數很少，並不像美國勞工部聲稱是因爲長時間失業的人找到了工作，而是因爲他們已經放棄找工作了。而且在二月份，380萬長時間失業的人數還保持在大蕭條之前的三倍。”
In fact, as Casselman points out, the fate of the long-term unemployed has always been grim. Prior to 2007, only 15 percent of those who had been out of work for an extended period of time were able to find jobs in any month; short-term unemployed rejoined the workforce at twice that rate.
實際上，正如Casselman指出的那樣，長時間失業者的命運是很糟糕的。在2007年之前，失業一段時間之後，只有15%的人每個月都能找到新的工作；30%的人在短時間失業之後可以再就業。The numbers are worse from 2008 to 2011, according to a Brookings paper by Princeton economist Alan Krueger, and graduate students Judd Cramer, and David Cho. The paper showed that only 11 percent of workers unemployed 27 weeks or longer returned to work on a full-time basis. Twenty-four percent found part-time work, 30 percent continued to look for work, and 35 percent stopped looking altogether.
根據普林斯頓經濟學家Alan Krueger、研究生Judd Cramer與David Cho共同發表的布羅斯金研究文件來看，2008~2011年的數據更糟糕。文件顯示失業時間長達27周以上的人員，其中只有11%的人員重返全職工作崗位。24%的人找到了兼職，30%的人繼續找工作，35%的人既不找兼職、也不找全職工作。The real question is how to break the cycle and give workers who've been unemployed for longer a better chance at re-entering the workforce.
真正的問題在於如何打破這種循環，並給與長時間失業者一個更好的再就業機會。"Overcoming the obstacles that prevent many of the long-term unemployed from finding gainful employment, even in good times, will likely require a concerted effort by policy makers, social organizations, communities and families, in addition to appropriate monetary policy," Krueger and his co-authors write.
Krueger與其合作者寫道“即使在繁榮時期，克服那些阻礙長時間失業者找到賺錢的工作的絆腳石，也很可能會需要決策者、社會組織、社會團體、家庭以及恰當的貨幣政策的共同協作。”In short, just restoring benefits won't be enough. We'll also have to change how employers and citizens think about the long-term unemployed.
簡而言之，只是恢復津貼補助是不夠的。我們還需要改變用人單位與市民對長時間失業者的看法。Tell Us What You Think
告訴我們你的看法Did you find a job after long-term unemployment?
長時間失業之後，你找到工作了嗎？
