校園生活:解讀高校中的陰盛陽衰

Yang Jianxiong, 20, a junior majoring in vegetation conservation, is amazed to see so many female freshmen in his department. Once the domain of boys, the department at Huazhong Agricultural University this year for the first time admitted more female than male students.

20歲的楊建雄是名就讀於植被保護專業的大三學生，他十分驚訝地發現本專業大一女生人數激增。植被保護專業曾經一度是男生的天下，可是今年，由華中農業大學開設的這一專業男女生人數首次出現逆轉。

"I am surprised to see so many girls in a traditional boys' department," said Yang.

楊建雄說："我很驚訝，這個一向以男生居多的系裏居然出現了這麼多女孩。"

A gender imbalance on campus caused by female students outperforming their male counterparts reflects a global trend. Experts, however, say that social structures and bias will continue to prevent women from gaining a better rank in society.

巾幗不讓鬚眉導致校園中的性別比例失調，這也反映出了一個全球性趨勢。但有關專家指出，社會結構及偏見仍將是女性獲得更好社會地位的絆腳石。

Qian Wei, an official in the dean's office at Nanchang University, said that female dominance in gaining scholarships has been notable for years.

就職於南昌大學教務處的錢偉（音譯）表示，獎學金幾乎全部被女生斬獲成爲近年來頗受矚目的一大現象。

"The general impression is that female students study better than male students," said Qian. "Quite a number of departments give eight out of 10 scholarships to female students."

錢偉說："整體印象是，女生學習要比男生好。許多系的獎學金獲得者八成都是女生。"

Gu Haibing, professor in the School of Economics at Renmin University of China, attributes this to the education system and college admission mechanism.

中國人民大學經濟學院教授顧海兵將造成這一現象的原因歸結於教育體系和高校招生機制。

"From their fundamental education through to college, girls gain the edge with their better discipline and memory-based studying methods," said Gu. "Girls also do better under an exam-based college admission system."

顧海兵說："從基礎教育到大學，女孩憑藉較好的自制力以及記憶學習法佔得優勢。在以考試爲基礎的大學招生體系中，女孩表現得也更爲優秀。"

Jin Yihong, professor at Nanjing Normal University, says the education system is not the decisive factor. "It is a global trend that women are outperforming men, under all kinds of education systems," said Jin.

南京師範大學教授金一虹認爲，教育體制並非決定性因素。金教授說："無論是在哪種教育體制之下，陰盛陽衰已成爲全球性趨勢。"

Jin also said that women have better communication skills. "When an economy and society emphasizes information and communication, rather than labor, women have the edge."

金一虹還認爲女性具備更好的溝通能力。"當經濟和社會強調信息和交流，而非一味苦幹時，女性便佔了上風。"

This notion is echoed by Hanna Rosin in The New York Times. Rosin, author of the book The End of Men, believes that the greater adaptability of women to a changing economy is the key to their success.

來自《紐約時報》的漢娜•羅森十分贊同這一觀點。羅森是《男性的末日》一書的作者，她堅信，對於不斷變化的經濟環境，女性有着更強的適應能力，而正是這點成爲女性成功的關鍵。

Despite this, Feng Xiaotian, professor of sociology at Nanjing University, said that female students with better grades don't necessarily go on to a better career or social status after graduation.

儘管如此，南京大學社會學教授馮曉天（音譯）認爲，對於女生而言，成績優秀並不意味着畢業後找到好工作，獲得較高的社會地位。

"Gender discrimination against females in job hunting and promotion is a glass ceiling that turns academic performance into nothing," said Feng.

馮曉天說："在求職和晉升中，對女性的性別歧視像是隱形封頂，將她們的學習成績化爲烏有。"

The gender imbalance has even changed admission procedures at some colleges. This year, China University of Political Science and Law had an admission score of 588 for men - 44 points below that for women. It caused a public outcry.

性別比例失調甚至改變了一些高校的招生程序。今年，中國政法大學將男生錄取分數線設爲588分，比女生低了44分。此舉引發公衆的激烈抗議。

A Wuhan-based college admission official, who asked to remain anonymous, confessed that many schools set higher benchmarks for female students due to the pressure of job hunting.

來自武漢某高校招生辦的一名不願透露姓名的工作人員承認，由於就業率壓力，許多學校對女性學生設置了更高的門檻。

"Graduate employment rates are vital for the school to retain its reputation and attract students," he said.

他說："畢業生就業率對學校而言至關重要，學校靠它來保持聲譽、吸引生源。"

Professor Feng says that despite their success, women have yet to change the current "men-oriented" social order.

馮曉天教授還說，儘管女性取得了成功，但她們還是未能改變現存的以男性爲主導的社會秩序。

"With this bias and other barriers for women out there, women are restricted," said Feng. "In the end, it is a social issue that we have to deal with."

馮教授說："只要這種偏見以及其他針對女性的障礙存在，女性就會被禁錮起來。最終，這會成爲我們必須解決的社會問題。"

Even so, male students have to deal with female domination at least throughout campus life.

即使如此，至少在大學期間，男生們也必須解決校園生活中以女性爲主導的這一狀況。

Li Kunning, 18, from Chongqing University, is the only male class leader among seven others in his class. But he said it's an all too familiar scenario.

18歲的李坤寧（音譯）來自重慶大學，他是班上8位班幹部中的唯一一位男性。而他表示，這種現象太正常了。

"It's always like this, from primary school through to senior high school," Li said. "Girls are always the bosses."

李坤寧說："從小學到高中一直都是這樣，女生一直是領導者。"