美國就業前景最好的州:亞利桑那,德州

Arizona, Texas Head List Of Best States For Expected Job Growth

2013美國就業前景最好的州：亞利桑那州，德州

The Great Recession had devastating effects across the U.S. and few places were as hard hit as Arizona. The state was booming on the strength of its tourism and real estate markets during the 2000s. Median home prices jumped 70% between 2003 and 2006—only Nevada had bigger gains—fueling more building and construction jobs. Monthly unemployment was at 3.5% through much of 2007. But then the bottom fell out. Home prices plummeted more than 50% from their peak and 6% Arizona properties received foreclosure filings in 2009. Unemployment stubbornly remained in double-figures for most of 2009 and 2010 and only Nevada lost a higher percentage of jobs over the last five years. Household incomes declined at the fastest rate in the country since 2008.

經濟大蕭條在全美各地產生了破壞性的影響，然而很少有地區像亞利桑那州那樣遭受重創。20世紀初，該州藉助強大的旅遊業和房地產市場蓬勃發展。住房中位數價格在2003年到2006年間上漲了70%——僅次於內華達州的增幅——帶動了更多的房屋和建築行業工作崗位。直到2007年接近年底的時候，亞利桑那州的月失業率都一直維持在3.5%的低水平。但是隨後經濟陷入低谷。住房價格從相比高點慘遭腰斬，亞利桑那州6%的房產在2009年收到了止贖通知。在2009年和2010年的大部分時間裏，該州的失業率保持在兩位數居高不下，從最近五年的失業率情況看，惡劣程度僅次於內華達州。2008年以來，該州的家庭收入以全美最快的速度下降。

But the economic picture has brightened considerably in Arizona, as the housing market stabilized and unemployment hit a post-recession low of 7.8% in May. As part of Forbes’ annual Best States for Business, we look at 35 factors to determine the best and worst states, including projected employment. Arizona is expected to have the fastest job growth at 3% annually over the next five years, according to Moody’s Analytics. The job gains are projected to boost household incomes 3.6% annually through 2017, which ranks second best in the U.S. after Illinois. The added jobs also go hand-in-hand with the state’s economic growth, which Moody’s forecasts to expand at a U.S.-best 4.6% annually.

但是亞利桑那州的經濟前景現在已經大爲好轉，隨着住房市場的穩定，失業率在5月份降至7.8%，創下經濟衰退後的新低。爲了評選今年的美國最適宜經商的州，我們評估了35項指標以判斷哪些州的經商條件最佳，哪些最差，這些指標中就包括就業預期。根據穆迪分析公司（Moody’s Analytics）的統計，在今後五年中，亞利桑那州的就業增長速度預計將達到每年3%。到2017年，亞利桑那州增長的就業崗位預計每年將把家庭收入提高3.6%，在全美各州中位居第二，僅次於伊利諾伊州。亞利桑那州的就業增長和經濟增長保持同步，穆迪預計該州的經濟增長速度爲每年4.6%，達到美國的最佳水平。

The big winners over the past year in Arizona were the construction and leisure/hospitality industries, which both added more than 10, 000 jobs. Other fast-growing sectors include business services, financial activities and education and health services.

過去一年中，亞利桑那州最大的贏家是建築和休閒/酒店行業，這兩個行業共增加了超過1萬個就業機會。其他快速增長的行業包括商業服務、金融活動、教育和醫療服務。

General Motors is helping fuel the improved jobs outlook in the Grand Canyon State. In March, the automaker announced plans to build the company’s fourth Information Technology Innovation Center in Phoenix suburb Chandler. GM is expected to hire 1, 000 workers, mainly consisting of software developers, database administrators and systems analysts for the new center. “The greater Phoenix area is a fantastic hub of emerging technical talent – from university graduates to working professionals, ” said GM CIO Randy Mott in a release announcing the move.

通用汽車公司（General Motors）幫助改善了大峽谷州的就業前景。今年3月，這家汽車製造商宣佈，計劃在鳳凰城郊區錢德勒建設該公司的第四座信息技術創新中心。通用汽車預計將僱傭1,000名員工，主要包括爲這座新中心效力的軟件開發人員、數據庫管理員和系統分析師。通用汽車公司首席信息官蘭迪•莫特（Randy Mott）在新聞稿中宣佈了這個舉措，他表示，“大鳳凰城地區是出色的樞紐，吸引了新興技術人才——從大學畢業生到職場專業人士。”

In addition to a large, educated workforce to choose from, companies are also attracted to Arizona’s pro-business regulatory climate, which ranks No. 13 in the Mercatus Center’s Freedom in the 50 States. The study cites Arizona’s right-to-work law, liability laws and eminent domain reform.

除了衆多受過教育的勞動力可供選擇，企業也被亞利桑那州的親商監管環境所吸引，在莫卡特斯中心（Mercatus Center）發佈的美國50個州商業自由度排行榜上，亞利桑那州排名第13位。這項研究援引亞利桑那州的勞動權利法、責任法和土地徵用權改革作爲有利條件。

Domain name registrar GoDaddy, which is based in Scottsdale, Ariz., broke ground in May on its new Global Technology Center in Tempe. GoDaddy already employs 2, 600 people in the Greater Phoenix area and the new facility is expected to add 300 more. Other companies expanding in Arizona include Asurion, a leader in technology protection services. They opened a new technical support center in Phoenix and want to fill 500 jobs by the end of the year. Energy provider Direct Energy opened a new call center in Tempe this year and is looking to fill as many as 300 openings.

域名註冊公司GoDaddy的總部設在亞利桑那州斯科茨代爾市，該公司5月份在坦佩開工建設新的全球技術中心。GoDaddy公司已經在大鳳凰城地區僱傭了2,600名員工，新工廠預計將增加300多個工作崗位。其他在亞利桑那州擴大規模的公司包括領先的技術保障服務公司 Asurion。這家公司在鳳凰城開設了新的技術支持中心，將在今年年底招聘500多個職位。能源供應商Direct Energy今年在亞利桑那州坦佩開設了新的呼叫中心，需要招聘300多名員工。

Texas was one of the first states to emerge from the recession and it continues to attract companies on the basis of its low tax burden, predictable regulatory environment and skilled labor force. Texas employment is expected to expand 3% annually through 2017, according to Moody’s. (Arizona’s forecasted rate is a microscopic 0.04% better). Texas has attracted a lot of attention from California companies and Governor Rick Perry has not been shy about contrasting the business climates of the two states. California firms EBay and Electronic Arts have both chosen Texas for large expansions in recent years. Austin has been a hotbed of activity this year with Accenture

得克薩斯州成爲首批擺脫經濟衰退的州之一，該州憑藉低稅收負擔、監管環境可預見性和熟練勞動力不斷吸引企業投資。根據穆迪分析公司的統計，得克薩斯州的就業人數到2017年將以每年3%的速度增長。（亞利桑那州的預計就業增長速度僅高出0.04%）。得克薩斯州吸引了衆多加利福尼亞州企業的關注，得州州長裏克•佩裏（Rick Perry）毫不顧忌地把兩個州的商業環境相對比。最近幾年來，加州企業電子港灣（EBay）和電子藝界（Electronic Arts）都選擇在得克薩斯州大舉擴張。奧斯汀一直是商業活動的溫牀，今年埃森哲諮詢公司（Accenture）、AT&T公司、國家儀器公司（National Instruments）和時代華納有線（Time Warner Cable）都宣佈計劃在該地區大幅增加就業崗位。

Western states dominate the best states for projected job growth. Only two, Florida and Georgia, of the top 10 are located east of the Mississippi River. Rounding out the top five are Colorado (2.6% annual projected growth), North Dakota (2.5%) and Florida (2.5%).

在就業增長前景最好的州當中，西部各州佔據了主導地位。在排名前十位的州當中，只有兩個州位於密西西比河以東，分別是佛羅里達州和喬治亞州。其他排名前五位的州是科羅拉多州（預計年度就業增長2.6%）、北達科他州（2.5%）和佛羅里達州（2.5%）。