研究顯示 和老闆關係太鐵也很危險

Having a bad relationship with the boss can create all kinds of angst. But, it turns out, a close and cosy connection can actually be just as stressful — sometimes more so.

和老闆的關係不好會製造出各種焦慮。但是事實證明，一段親密而舒適的關係也一樣壓力重重--有時甚至更糟。

Gabby Sullivan, a design professional in northern California, in the US, knows first-hand how stressful it can be. Sullivan and her boss were close friends, work partners and even shared the same position, until he got promoted.

加貝·沙利文是美國加利福尼亞州北部的一名專業設計人員，她最知道這樣的壓力有多大。沙利文和她的老闆是親密的朋友和工作夥伴，在老闆晉升之前，他們還享有同樣的職位。

Sullivan felt he now seemed to hold her to a higher standard than he did everyone else and accused her of not following his chain of command. Then came grumblings from colleagues that Sullivan was receiving preferential treatment. It was a no-win situation.

沙利文覺得，如今的老闆對自己的標準比其它任何人都要高，並且指責她不遵守自己的一系列命令。隨後，同事間怨聲四起，說沙利文正在受到特殊待遇。這是個輸透了的局面。

Meanwhile, outside of work, their friendship also changed, and the two rarely saw each other anymore.

與此同時，工作之餘，他們的友情也發生了變化，他們很少再見面了。

When they did, Sullivan found herself giving short, succinct answers and not wanting to engage in casual conversation.

當他們見面時，沙利文覺得自己的回答短小簡潔，不想進行正常談話。

The situation became so stressful that Sullivan ended up taking a two-month leave of absence just to "detach" and take a break from it all.

這個局面讓人倍感壓力，沙利文甚至想要離開工作兩個月，把自己"剝離"出來，休息一下。

"It was really uncomfortable for a really long time," she says.

她說："很長一段時間以來，這真的讓人很不舒服。"

"During times of change, in physically challenging situations and in moral dilemmas, having a particularly strong relationship with one's supervisor can add to the pressure employees feel," says Jeremy, associate professor of management at San Diego State University, in an email.

聖地亞哥州立大學管理學副教授傑里米在一封郵件中說道："在關係的改變期，人們深陷心理挑戰和道德困境中，員工和自己的主管擁有特別深厚的關係會增加僱員的壓力。"

Of course, there is nothing wrong with strong relationships with your boss, at least in the short run, says Berlin-based Konstantin, director of European School of Management and Technology Centre for Leadership Development Research.

歐洲管理和技術領導發展研究中心主任康斯坦丁表示，當然，和你的老闆關係鐵沒有什麼錯，至少短期看來是這樣。

But, "in the long run, such a situation can lead to fatigue, cynicism, or disappointment on the part of the employee," he says by email.

但是，他在郵件中說到："從長遠來看，這種情況可能導致員工疲勞、憤世嫉俗或失望。"