墨爾本獲評最宜居城市 倫敦跌出前50

Australia may have been trounced by Britain at the Olympics but its dejected sports stars can take some comfort from the fact that their cities have been judged far better places to live.

Melbourne is the best city in the world to live in while Sydney, Adelaide and Perth also make the top 10 and Brisbane comes in at number 20, according to the Economist Intelligence Unit global “liveability” study.

By contrast there is not a single British city in the top 50. London, basking in the afterglow of the hugely successful Games that saw Team GB reach third place in the medal table, is judged to be just the 55th most desirable place to live in the world and has fallen in the rankings after last summer’s riots.

Manchester remains Britain’s best city according to the study, which looks at crime levels, education, health care, culture and infrastructure, but it also dropped points to reach number 51 following the widespread looting and disorder that reached its shopping centres last August.

The EIU first began ranking cities to test whether or not companies should pay staff a hardship allowance if they make employees relocate to a different country.

Its researchers look at how “tolerable” it is to live in a particular place given its crime levels, threat of conflict, quality of medical care, levels of censorship, temperature, schools and transport links.

In the latest rankings for 2012, Melbourne came top having overtaken Vancouver in Canada.

Australia’s second city is famed for its sporting events, although is perhaps still best known in Britain as the setting for the soap opera Neighbours.

According to the EIU Melbourne came close to recording a “perfect score” with a liveability rating of 97.5 percent, losing points only for climate, culture and petty crime.

Like most of the cities at the top of the league, it is much less crowded than the long-established metropolis of London.

“Australian cities continue to thrive in terms of liveability: Not only do they benefit from the natural advantages of low population density, but they have continued to improve with some high profile infrastructure investments," said the study.

Auckland, New Zealand, also makes the premier league along with three Canadian cities - Vancouver, Toronto and Calgary.

Best ten cities to live in:

Melbourne, Australia

Vienna, Austria

Vancouver, Canada

Toronto, Canada

Calgary, Canada

Adelaide, Australia

Sydney, Australia

Helsinki, Finland

Perth, Australia

Auckland, New Zealand

And the worst ten:

Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Tehran, Iran

Douala, Cameroon

Tripoli, Libya

Karachi, Pakistan

Algiers, Algeria

Harare, Zimbabwe

Lagos, Nigeria

Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea

Dhaka, Bangladesh澳大利亞也許在奧運會比賽中被英國打得落花流水，但其城市卻被評爲遠比英國更適宜居住的地方，這也許會讓澳大利亞垂頭喪氣的運動員從中得到些許安慰。

經濟學人智庫開展的全球宜居城市研究結果顯示，墨爾本是世界上最適宜居住的城市，悉尼、阿德萊德和珀斯的排名也在前十位，布里斯本排名第20位。

相比之下，入圍前50的城市中一座英國城市也沒有。儘管此次奧運會獲得了巨大成功，倫敦正沐浴在獎牌榜排名第三的光輝中，在世界最令人嚮往的城市排行榜中卻只排在第55位，比去年夏天發生暴亂以後的排名還要靠後。

該研究指出，從犯罪水平、教育、醫保、文化以及基礎設施等方面來看，曼徹斯特仍是英國最適宜居住的城市，但去年八月當地購物中心發生的洗劫事件及混亂秩序令其評分亦有所下滑，只排到了第51位。

經濟學人智庫起初對城市進行排名是爲了測試企業是否應給派往外國的員工支付相應的辛勞津貼。

研究人員會根據當地的犯罪水平、衝突威脅、醫療水平、審查水平、氣溫、學校以及交通便利程度來決定住在這裏需要有多“容忍”。

在2012年的最新排名中，墨爾本的排名居首位，超過了加拿大溫哥華。

墨爾本是澳大利亞第二大城市，以體育賽事而著稱，不過在英國，墨爾本或許還是作爲肥皂劇《家有芳鄰》的拍攝地而最爲人所熟知。

據經濟學人智庫統計，墨爾本的宜居評價率達到了97.5%，幾近完美，只因爲氣候、文化和輕度犯罪而略有失分。

墨爾本和多數位居榜單前列的城市一樣，遠不像歷史悠久的大都市倫敦那般擁擠。

研究稱：“從宜居的角度來看，澳大利亞的城市持續地走向繁榮。他們不僅得益於人口密度低的天然優勢，還投資了一些備受矚目的基礎建設項目，持續改善城市環境。”

此外，新西蘭的奧克蘭與三個加拿大城市——溫哥華、多倫多和卡爾加里一同位居榜單前列。

最適合居住的10大城市：

墨爾本，澳大利亞

維也納，奧地利

溫哥華，加拿大

多倫多，加拿大

卡爾加里，加拿大

阿德萊德，澳大利亞

悉尼，澳大利亞

赫爾辛基，芬蘭

珀斯，澳大利亞

奧克蘭，新西蘭

最不適宜居住的10個城市：

阿比讓，科特迪瓦

德黑蘭，伊朗

杜阿拉，喀麥隆

的黎波里，利比亞

卡拉奇，巴基斯坦

阿爾及爾，阿爾及利亞

哈拉雷，津巴布韋

拉各斯，尼日利亞

莫爾茲比港，巴布亞新幾內亞

達卡，孟加拉國