在家辦公如何提高工作效率？

新冠肺炎疫情期間，很多公司開啓在家辦公模式，降低大家在通勤路上受感染的風險。但在家辦公如何才能提高工作效率？英國《獨立報》採訪了GoDo商業組織創始人、生產效率培訓師凱倫•埃爾-懷特，請她談談如何最大限度地提高在家辦公的效率。

Distinguish between work and home mode

區分工作模式和家庭模式

One of the biggest perks about working from home - slowly moving from bed to the sofa five minutes before you start - can also be your biggest challenge, says Eyre-White.

埃爾-懷特說，上班前五分鐘從牀上慢慢挪到沙發上是在家辦公最大的好處之一，也可能是最大的挑戰。

Don’t forget that you are there to work - so set yourself up the right way, get dressed and brush your teeth at the start of the day rather than sitting in your pyjamas for eight hours. “Switch from home to work mode,” she says, by having something you physically do to “flip the switch”.

別忘了你是在上班——所以要把自己收拾好，穿好衣服，起牀後刷牙，而不是穿着睡衣坐上8個小時。她說：“從家庭模式切換到工作模式”的方法是做些事情來“觸動轉換開關”。

“Maybe it’s walking round the block, making a special kind of tea, or lighting a candle at your desk. It doesn’t matter what it is but do it without fail to create a strong association in your mind,” she says.

她說：“繞着街區走一圈，泡一種特別的茶，或者在你的桌子上點一根蠟燭。做什麼並不重要，但一定要在腦海中建立起一種強烈的聯想。”

Be realistic about what you can achieve

設定目標要現實一點

“A wide, open day working from home can feel full of possibilities. 145 things on the to do list? No problem! Don’t fall into the trap of being over-ambitious,” says Eyre-White.

“在家辦公時，開放的環境充滿了各種可能性。145件待辦事項？沒問題！不要落入過於雄心壯志的陷阱”，埃爾-懷特說。

Instead, she recommends being realistic and then possibly achieving more than you set out to; and feeling satisfied, rather than feeling disappointed you didn’t do everything.

相反，她建議要現實一點，這樣你可能實現的目標比預先設定的要多，你會感到滿足，而不是因爲沒有完成所有事項而感到失望。

She suggests choosing three to five things to do and aim to get the majority done before lunch. “We all slow down in the mid-afternoon and having a lot of your list under your belt will give you the momentum to power through,” she recommends.

她建議選擇三到五件事來做，並爭取在午餐前完成大部分工作。她建議說：“我們都會在下午3點左右進入倦怠期，而已經完成了大部分事項會讓你更加充滿幹勁。”

mid-afternoon [mid 'aftə'nu:n]：n.下午三點左右

Work in short bursts

把工作時間分隔開來

In the office your day is broken up by everything from meetings to water-cooler chats, lunch breaks and even toilet breaks, but when you are sat at home on your own with no face-to-face interaction planned it can be easy to just work for long, unbroken periods.

在辦公室裏，你的一天被各種各樣的事情打斷，比如，會議到茶水間的閒聊，午餐休息，甚至是上廁所，但是當你獨自坐在家裏，沒有面對面的交流計劃時，你很容易長時間連續工作。

“When we’re in the office our day is normally broken up with meetings. Although this can be frustrating, they divide the day up and create natural chunks of time,” explains Eyre-White. “ In contrast, a day at home can be very unstructured.”

埃爾-懷特解釋說：“我們在辦公室的時候，我們的一天通常都被會議分成幾段。儘管這可能令人沮喪，但會議能把一天的時間分割開來，創造出自然分隔開的大塊時間。相比之下，在家的一天可能會沒有規劃。”

In order to be productive she recommends imposing structure on yourself. For example, working in 45-60 minute chunks of focused work followed by a short break. “This can be an effective way to break the day up and maintain your concentration levels,” she says.

爲了提高工作效率，她建議把工作結構強加給自己。例如，集中精力工作45-60分鐘，然後休息一小會兒。她說：“這是一種有效的把一天分隔開來的方法，可以讓你工作時集中注意力。”

Don’t forget to take breaks

別忘了休息

It can be difficult to tear yourself away from your laptop if you’re worried people might think you’re slacking off, but that doesn’t mean you shouldn’t take breaks. “Just because you’re feeling comfy at home, it doesn’t mean you don’t need a proper break,”says Eyre-White.

在家工作時很難從電腦前抽身，因爲你擔心別人會以爲你在偷懶，但這並不意味着你不應該休息。埃爾-懷特說：“在家感到舒適並不意味着你不需要適當的休息。”

comfy [ˈkʌmfi]：adj.舒服的；輕鬆的

“Leave your desk for lunch and take advantage of being at home to walk the dog and blow the cobwebs away for half an hour in the afternoon. You’ll return feeling refreshed and more productive for the rest of the day.”

“離開你的辦公桌去吃午飯，利用在家的時間去遛狗，在下午花半個小時打掃房間。接下來的時間，你會感覺神清氣爽，更有效率。”

This also includes making sure you make time to make proper meals and drink water regularly, rather than snacking continuously throughout the day and then crashing in a sugar slump at 3pm.

還要確保你有時間做可口的飯菜，並且經常喝水，而不是整天不停地吃零食，然後在下午3點突然低血糖。

Manage distractions

避免干擾

Being in an office gives us a limited number of ways to get distracted but when you start working in a new environment (especially a very familiar one) it can be easy to let yourself get distracted.

在辦公室裏，只有有限的事情會讓我們分心，但當你開始在一個新環境中工作時（尤其是一個非常熟悉的環境），就很容易分心。

“There are a lot of potential distractions when we work from home,” says Eyre-White. “So proactively manage things which might interrupt your focus.”

埃爾-懷特說：“我們在家工作時，有很多潛在的干擾。所以要主動避免那些可能會打斷你注意力的事情。”

She explains: “Keep them limited to short breaks in between chunks of focused work. A change of scene is all we need to give our brain a break, and it’s the perfect time to put a load of washing on or empty the dishwasher.”

她解釋說：“要在短暫的休息時間處理讓你分心的事情，其他時間則集中精力工作。我們只需要換個環境來讓大腦休息一下，這是洗洗涮涮或者讓洗碗機工作的最佳時間。”

Be sociable

積極社交

Unless you're self-isolating, working from home shouldn't mean that you don't leave the house at all or don't see anyone for two weeks - ensure you still keep up social interaction.

除非你特立獨行，否則在家工作不應該意味着你根本不離開家或兩週不見任何人——確保你仍然和他人保持社交互動。

“If you’re the kind of person who'll miss your colleagues when you work from home, build opportunities for socialising in to your day,” says Eyre-White, who recommends trying to call colleagues rather than always email or Slack messaging.

埃爾-懷特說：“如果你是那種在家工作時會想念同事的人，那就在工作時間創造一些社交機會。”她建議，儘量給同事打電話，而不要總是發郵件或使用Slack發消息。