每週吃兩次堅果或降低心臟病的死亡率

Eating nuts twice a week linked with lower risk of death from heart disease

每週吃兩次堅果或降低心臟病的死亡率

New research has found that eating nuts at least twice a week appears to help lower the risk of death from cardiovascular disease.

新研究發現：每週吃兩次堅果（至少）似乎有助於降低心血管疾病的死亡風險。

Carried out by researchers at the Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Iran, the new study set out to investigate the possible association between eating nuts and the risk of cardiovascular disease and death in the Iranian population.

伊朗伊斯法罕心血管研究所的研究員開展了這項新研究，旨在調查對伊朗民衆而言，吃堅果與心血管疾病風險及死亡風險之間的潛在關聯。

A total of 5,432 adults aged 35 and older with no history of cardiovascular disease were recruited from the study. Participants were randomly selected from urban and rural areas of the Isfahan, Arak and Najafabad counties and their intake of nuts -- including walnuts, almonds, pistachios, hazelnuts, and seeds -- was measured using a food frequency questionnaire.

研究的受試對象是5432位35歲無心血管疾病史的成年人，他們來自伊斯法罕、阿拉克和納傑法巴德縣的城市和農村地區。這些隨機抽取的受試者被要求填寫食物頻率調查問卷，以瞭解他們的堅果攝入量（包括核桃、杏仁、開心果、榛子和種籽。）

The researchers then followed the participants to record the rates of cardiovascular events and death, including coronary heart disease, stroke, total cardiovascular disease, death from any cause, and death from cardiovascular disease.

之後，研究員隨訪這些受試者以記錄他們的心血管疾病發病頻率和死亡情況，包括冠心病、中風、心血管疾病、任何原因導致的死亡情況和心血管疾病導致的死亡情況

The findings, presented on Saturday at the ESC (European Society of Cardiology) Congress 2019 together with the World Congress of Cardiology, showed that consuming nuts two or more times per week is associated with a 17 percent lower risk of death from cardiovascular disease, when compared to eating nuts once every two weeks.

這項研究結果於週六在2019年歐洲心臟病學會大會及世界心臟病學大會上呈現，表明相比每兩週吃一次堅果的人而言，每週吃兩次或更多次堅果的人死於心血管疾病的風險降低了17%。

The results also still held true even after taking into account potentially influencing factors such as age, sex, education, smoking, and physical activity.

即便考慮年齡、性別、受教育程度、吸菸情況和鍛鍊情況等潛在影響因素後，該研究結果依然成立。

"Nuts are a good source of unsaturated fat and contain little saturated fat," said study author Dr. Noushin Mohammadifard. "They also have protein, minerals, vitamins, fiber, phytosterols, and polyphenols which benefit heart health. European and US studies have related nuts with cardiovascular protection but there is limited evidence from the Eastern Mediterranean Region."

研究作者Noushin Mohammadifard博士說道：“堅果是不飽和脂肪的良好來源，只含有少量的飽和脂肪。同時還含有蛋白質、礦物質、維生素、纖維、植物甾醇和有助於心臟健康的多酚。歐洲和美國的研究認爲，堅果與心血管保護相關，但來自東地中海地區的證據卻十分有限。”

According to ESC guidelines, consuming 30 grams of unsalted nuts per day is part of a healthy diet, although the guidelines do note that the energy density (the amount of calories) of nuts is high.

歐洲心臟病學會指南表示，每天食用30克無鹽堅果是健康飲食的一部分，但該指南也明確表明，堅果的能量密度（卡路里量）很高。

"Raw fresh nuts are the healthiest," added Dr. Mohammadifard. "Nuts should be fresh because unsaturated fats can become oxidized in stale nuts, making them harmful."

“生鮮堅果是最健康的，”Mohammadifard博士補充道。“應該食用新鮮堅果，因爲不新鮮堅果中的不飽和脂肪會被氧化，從而有害健康。”