王室寶貝：你不知道的五件事
Amid all the excitement about the eagerly-awaited new addition to the royal family, you may think you know all you could ever want to about royal babies. But did you know...
英國王室即將喜添新丁，被熱切等待的興奮心情包圍的你，也許以爲自己對王室寶貝瞭解得已經夠多了，但是下面我們要說的你可不一定知道哦。
A government minister used to be present at royal births, to make sure the baby was not switched
英國政府大臣曾在場見證新王室成員的誕生，確保寶寶不被掉包
The practice is believed to have begun in 1688, when dozens of officials watched Mary of Modena, wife of James II, give birth to a son, to scotch rumors that Mary was not really pregnant and that the baby was to be smuggled into the room in a bedpan.
據說此慣例開始於1688年，當時盛傳詹姆斯二世的妻子——摩德納的瑪麗是假懷孕，孩子將放在便盆裏偷偷送進產房，爲了平息這一謠言，數十名英國官員目睹瑪麗王后誕下了一個兒子。
The tradition continued well into the 20th century. The last royal birth to be witnessed by a government minister was that of Queen Elizabeth II's cousin, Princess Alexandra in 1936, and the practice was only officially halted shortly before the birth of Prince Charles in 1948.
這個傳統一直延續到20世紀。上一次有英國政府大臣見證的王室寶貝誕生是在1936年，伊麗莎白女王二世的表妹亞歷山德拉公主出生的時候。直到1948年查爾斯王子出生之前，此慣例才被正式終止。
Royal husbands have not always attended the birth of their children
王室寶貝的父親在孩子出生時不一定會在旁守候
Queen Elizabeth II may not have had to contend with ministerial interference in her birth plan, but she also didn't have her husband there for support; while she gave birth to Prince Charles, Prince Philip, the Duke of Edinburgh was busy playing squash.
英國女王伊麗莎白二世也許沒有內政大臣來干預她的生子計劃，但是在她分娩的時候丈夫卻不在身邊支持她；在她生查爾斯王子的時候，菲利普親王（愛丁堡公爵）正忙於打壁球。
Queen Victoria was the first royal to use anesthesia in childbirth
維多利亞女王是第一個在分娩時使用麻醉劑的王室成員
The long-reigning monarch and mother-of-nine was given chloroform for pain relief during the births of her eighth and ninth children, Prince Leopold (born in 1853) and Princess Beatrice (born in 1857).
作爲長期執政的女王以及九個孩子的母親，維多利亞女王在生第八個孩子利奧波德王子（出生於1853年）和第九個孩子比阿特麗絲公主（出生於1857）時使用了氯仿麻醉劑以減輕疼痛。
Her decision to opt for an anesthetic is credited with popularizing the use of painkillers during childbirth among the well-to-do of the time.
她決定採用麻醉劑對於當時英國富裕人家生孩子使用止痛藥起到了普及作用。
John Snow, the doctor who administered the drug, is better known as one of the founding fathers of epidemiology, after he traced a deadly outbreak of cholera to a Soho water pump.
開出麻醉劑藥方的醫生約翰·斯諾是傳染病學的開創者之一，他曾追蹤一場大規模暴發的致命霍亂的病源，最後在倫敦蘇荷區的一個抽水機裏找到了。
Prince William was the first heir to the throne to be born in hospital
威廉王子是第一位在醫院出生的王位繼承人
William was born in the private Lindo Wing of St Mary's Hospital, Paddington, on June 21, 1982. His brother was born at the same hospital two years later, and Kate and William's first baby, George, was born there on July 22, 2013.
1982年6月21日，威廉王子在帕丁頓的聖瑪麗醫院林都私人院區出生。兩年之後他的弟弟出生在同一家醫院。2013年7月22日凱特和威廉的第一個孩子喬治也在這裏出生。
While that might seem the normal way of things, in fact it was something of a break with tradition -- until then, all heirs to the throne had been born at home.
儘管在醫院出生貌似很正常，但事實上這是一種與傳統的決裂，在那之前，所有的王位繼承人都在家中出生。
Prince Charles was born at Buckingham Palace; Elizabeth II herself was born in the Mayfair home of her grandfather in 1926 -- though at the time she was not expected to become queen as her uncle, and not her father, was next in line to the throne.
查爾斯王子在白金漢宮出生，伊麗莎白二世1926年在她祖父位於倫敦的上流住宅區出生——儘管當時人們還不知道她會成爲女王，因爲當時她的伯父而非她的父親，纔是王位第一繼承人。
Titled royal babies do not have surnames
英國王室寶貝沒有姓氏
Members of the royal family are famously burdened with plenty of names -- Prince William was christened William Arthur Philip Louis, and his father is Charles Philip Arthur George -- but many (those titled His or Her Royal Highness) do not have a surname.
英國王室成員以揹負冗長的名字而聞名——威廉王子的受洗全名是威廉·阿瑟·菲利普·路易斯，而他的父親的全名是查爾斯·菲利普·阿瑟·喬治，不過許多王室成員（那些被尊稱爲“殿下”的人）沒有姓氏。
Prince William and Prince Harry used "Wales" at school and during their military careers, but this came from their father's official title as Prince of Wales.
威廉王子和哈里王子在學校和軍隊裏使用“威爾士”作爲姓氏，這個姓源於他們父親的官方頭銜威爾士王子。
As descendants of Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh, they could also use Windsor, or Mountbatten-Windsor -- both of which are relatively new inventions, adopted during World War I to disguise the family's German origins.
作爲伊麗莎白二世和愛丁堡公爵的後裔，他們也可以使用溫莎或蒙巴頓-溫莎作爲姓——這兩個姓都是相對較新的姓氏，一戰期間曾用於掩蓋王室家族的德國血統。
When Prince George was born, William and Kate opted not to give him a surname -- officially he is Prince George Alexander Louis of Cambridge -- though when he and his new sibling go to school in a few years, they may use "Cambridge" as a last name.
喬治王子出生時，威廉王子和凱特王妃選擇不給他起姓氏，喬治的官方全名是劍橋的喬治·亞歷山大·路易王子。不過幾年後他和他的新弟弟或妹妹上學時，他們也許會使用“劍橋”作爲姓氏。
Vocabulary
scotch: 撲滅，破除
smuggle: 偷帶，偷放
anesthesia: 麻醉
chloroform: 氯仿（可用作麻醉劑）
anesthetic: 麻醉劑
epidemiology: 流行病學；傳染病學
cholera: 霍亂
next in line to the throne: 王位第一順位繼承人
