美語訓練班第16課:小三兒&白日做夢
A: “美語訓練班”上課啦! 我是楊琳。
B: 我是Donny！楊琳, 今天咱們學什麼？
A: 今天咱們要去看哈利波特首映, 要去認識大學新室友，要聊聊工作中的壓力, 還要告訴大家怎麼用美語說“小三兒”和“白日做夢”。
B: Oh, I'm not a Harry Potter fan, and I don't see why anyone should become one.
A: 不是吧! 哈利波特超cool的好不好!
B: 好了，咱們先別爭了，先來學個詞兒吧!
Learn A Word energetic
今天我們要學的詞是energetic. Energetic is spelled e-n-e-r-g-e-t-i-c, energetic. Energetic, 精力充沛的，有活力的。醫生常說，睡眠對人體很重要。People who sleep well feel more energetic during the day and are more productive at work. 睡眠質量越好，白天精力越充沛，工作效率也越高。有研究顯示，People who participate in start-up businesses are most likely to be energetic. 參與創業的人往往精力最充沛。鋼琴演奏家朗朗的演奏向來充滿活力。Langlang's piano performance is always very energetic. 好的， 今天我們學習的詞是energetic, energetic, energetic.
A: Donny, I didn't sleep well last night. So I'm not very energetic today.
B: Yeah, I can tell your energy level is a bit low.
A: I need something to wake me up! 哎？ 下面這個節目要講“哈利波特”電影首映？ 啊!一提起這個，我精神多啦!
B: 那好吧，哈迷，咱們趕緊來聽今天的Popular American.
Popular American: Glam; Five o'clock shadow
各位聽衆，現在播送《流行美語》。今天 Larry 和李華一起去參加哈利波特的電影首映會。Li Hua 非常喜歡飾演哈利波特的丹尼爾.拉德克利夫，興奮不已。Li Hua會學到兩個常用語：Glam 和 Five o'clock shadow.
LH: 今天能見到丹尼爾拉德克利夫耶! 我的白馬王子!!
LL: WOW. Lihua, you must be really excited to meet Harry Potter in person.
LH: 那當然，他簡直是太帥了...
[The cast of Harry Potter walk out]
LL: Oh look, it's the cast! They sure look glam!
LH: Glam 是什麼意思啊? 聽起來好像 glamorous.
LL: You're absolutely correct! Glam means glamorous. It describes someone wearing fashionable clothing and make-up, especially when done excessively.
LH: 所以 glam 就是魅力四射的意思。那你又說尤其是用在過度打扮的人身上，這麼說這個詞有負面的意思嘍?
LL: Not at all. Glam, like glamorous, is used to describe people who dress up in a way that they really stand out, but stand out in a good way. It is often used to describe celebrities.
LH: 原來如此。Glam 是用來形容打扮華麗的人，而不是過度打扮的人，所以形容明星最合適！那太好了，我一定要學起來，等會告訴丹尼爾。
LL: I'm sure Daniel Radcliffe will be very happy to hear it.
LH: Larry, you're such a glam today!
LL: Uh, thank you? Why are you saying it to me? I'm only wearing jeans and a t-shirt.
LH: 我只是想練習一下！免得等會搞砸了。哎，我這麼說對嗎？
LL: Well, you said "you're such a glam today". Which means you used the word glam as a noun. However, it is an adjective, just like the original word, glamorous. So you would have to say, "you're so glam today".
LH: 我明白了，glam 是形容詞，所以我剛應該說 "you're so glam today"，而不是 "you're such a glam today."
LL: Yup, that's right.
[The actors are slowly walking towards Larry and Li Hua's direction]
LH: 會看，那不是哈利嘛！哈利！哈利！
LL: down Lihua. Are you sure that's Harry? I didn't know Harry has a five o'clock shadow.
LH: 你在說什麼呀！我說演哈利的丹尼爾來了，又沒問你時間...而且現在才三點，別搗亂。
LL: No, I mean he has a beard. A five o'clock shadow is facial stubble, it sometimes describes a man's beard at the end of the day.
LH: 啊？原來 five o'clock shadow 是指鬍子，就是男生一天下來，到下午五點就會長出來的一點點鬍子, 所以人們就用 five o'clock shadow 來形容男生臉上的鬍子茬子。
LL: Yes. That is correct. After a day's work, many men will have a noticeable growth of facial hair. Since most people finish work around five o'clock, it's called a five o'clock shadow.
LH: 啊，Larry, you have a five o'clock shadow too! 你今天早上沒有刮鬍子吧?
LL: No I don't. Do I? (try to distract Lihua) Look! Harry's getting closer, don't you want to take pictures?
LH: 唉呀！差點忘了。我的照相機...在...這！
[Li Hua zooms in to take a picture of Harry]
LH: 他真有 a five o'clock shadow 耶... 不過還是好帥！
LL: Ai, Li Hua. I didn't know you were so attracted to glam celebrities.
LH: Not all the glam celebrities. 只有哈利！
LL: But he has a five o'clock shadow. Didn't you say that you can't stand men who have a beard.
LH: 你是說他今天留鬍子，所以我不應該喜歡嗎！可是，他連留鬍子都這麼好看！哈利，哈利！！啊不對，丹尼爾！我都緊張得語無倫次了。
LL: Hey, practice using what you just learned! And tell him how handsome he is.
LH: Harry! You have a five o'clock shadow!!
LH: 等等, 我剛說了什麼...
LL: Harry, she meant to say you are very glam!
LH: 哎, 真丟臉...
各位聽衆，今天李華從 Larry 那兒學到兩個常用語，一個是 glam, 用來形容一個人魅力四射；另一個是, five o'clock shadow, 指男人的鬍子茬子。這次《流行美語》播送完了，謝謝收聽，下次節目再見。
B: So 楊琳，Why do you love Harry Potter so much?
A: 原因很多啊。不論怎樣，哈利波特系列陪我走過了十年，再怎麼說也有感情了啊!
B: 十年的感情也沒什麼大不了。A friend of mine and her husband got divorced after being married for 10 years.
A: 啊？結婚10年後離啦？是不是因爲小三兒啊？
B: 好像還真是。
A: 唉，現在這種事兒可多了，怪不得電視劇里老演。說起小三兒，咱們來看看在美語裏這種第三者該怎麼說。
How to say it: mistress
Jessica 在北京學漢語，她的中國朋友要是遇到了不知道用美語怎麼說的詞，就會來請教她。今天是吳瓊要問的：小三。
Jessica: 吳瓊, 給我介紹一部好看的中文電視劇吧！
吳瓊: 嗯。。。最近很流行小三劇，Do you like to watch "little three" shows，Jessica?
Jessica: Little three? What's that?
吳瓊: 小三啊！你不知道嗎? 就是外遇、情婦、第三者的意思。小三美語怎麼說？不是 little three 嗎？
Jessica: Haha! 小三 is called a mistress, or "the other woman."
吳瓊: 哦，我知道了，妻子以外的那個女人， the other woman 就是小三。這些小三真可惡！人家夫妻好好的，她非要來插一腳。
Jessica: Calm down, I'm sure your boyfriend doesn't have one.
吳瓊: 那當然。但我要是有朋友當別人的小三，我一定罵她，叫她不要去破壞別人家庭！這句話美語要怎麼說?
Jessica: 你可以告訴她， Don't be a home-wrecker.
吳瓊: Wreck, w-r-e-c-k, wreck 動詞，有破壞的意思，所以 home-wrecker 就是破壞家庭的人。一提起小三我就。
Jessica: 吳瓊, you should really stop watching those TV shows, they're not good for you!
吳瓊: 可是劇情很吸引人啊！我喜歡看她們勾心鬥角。怎麼說？
Jessica: In English, we use the verb scheme, S-C-H-E-M-E, scheme. To scheme means to make secret and devious plots.
吳瓊: 我明白了，耍心眼，勾心鬥角就是 to scheme. 哎呀，不早了，我得趕快回去看電視了！
Jessica: Hold on, before you leave, tell me what you've learned today!
吳瓊: 第一，小三叫 mistress 或者 the other woman;
第二，破壞別人家庭的人是 home wrecker;
第三，耍心計是 to scheme!
A: 剛纔的“美語怎麼說”提到to scheme, 勾心鬥角， 這讓我想起了大學宿舍。
B:啊？What do you mean? Were your dorm mates scheming to bring each other down?
A: 差不多吧，反正大家勾心鬥角得挺厲害的，尤其是大四找工作的時候。唉，回想大家剛進大學時，多單純，多融洽啊!
B: I understand that. 其實何必呢，能當室友也是緣分嘛! 下面咱們來聽“美語三級跳”，看看大學室友剛見面的情形。
GoEnglish: Where are you from--beginner
各位聽衆，大家好！今天爲您播出“美語三級跳”節目“你是哪裏人”單元的初級課程。
Professor: Kevin and Jose are roommates at college. Today they are moving into their room and meeting each other for the first time.
Winnie: Professor Bowman, 這可是件大事。我的第一個大學室友睡覺鼾聲如雷，還經常偷吃我的東西，希望 Kevin 和 Jose 不會這樣。
Professor: I hope so too. Let's listen.
Jose: Hello, I'm Jose. Are you Kevin, my roommate?
Kevin: Yes, I'm Kevin. It's very nice to meet you, Jose.
Jose: Nice to meet you too. Where are you from, Kevin?
Kevin: I'm from Ohio. How about you?
Jose: I'm from Mexico.
Winnie: 我就說嘛，Jose 不像個英文名字，原來他是墨西哥人。
Professor: Yes, Jose is a common name for Latin Americans in the US too.
Winnie: Kevin 是俄亥俄來的。他們好象能從彼此那裏瞭解到不少對方的文化呢！比如說食物，我就特別愛吃墨西哥菜。
Professor: A lot of Americans do too. Let's listen.
Kevin: You're from Mexico? That's great! I studied Spanish in high school, and I love Mexican food.
Jose: Well, the Mexican food in America isn't always like the real Mexican food in Mexico.
Kevin: That's interesting. Where in Mexico are you from originally?
Jose: I was born in Mexico City.
Professor: So Winnie, what does Jose say about Mexican food in America?
Winnie: 他說美國的墨西哥菜不是真正的墨西哥菜。這我有同感，中國菜館爲了迎合美國人的口味，飯菜也都變了味道，怎麼吃都覺得不對勁。還是讓我們繼續聽 Kevin 跟 Jose 的對話吧。
Kevin: You were born in Mexico City? That's one of the biggest cities in the world. What is it like?
Jose: It's great. There are lots of people and it's very exciting.
Kevin: Wow. I was born and raised in a small town in Ohio.
Jose: What is it like there?
Kevin: The people are very friendly, and the life there is very relaxed.
Professor: Well Winnie, where did Jose and Kevin each grow up?
Winnie: Jose 是在墨西哥城長大的，Kevin 則來自俄亥俄州的一個小鎮。
Professor: Yes. Kevin said he was "born and raised" in a small town. That means he was born and grew up in the same town.
Winnie: 哦，"Born and raised" 就是土生土長的意思。
Professor: Right. You might also hear people say "born and bred."
Kevin: How long have you been in America?
Jose: I've been in America for one year.
Kevin: Where have you been living?
Jose: I've been living with my cousin in a small town in California.
Professor: Did you hear how long Jose has been in America?
Winnie: 他來美國已經一年了。
Professor: And where has Jose been staying?
Winnie: 他一直住在加州的一個小鎮裏。看來，雖然 Kevin 和 Jose 來自不同國家，但還是有共同之處的，因爲兩人都熟悉小鎮生活。
Professor: Yes they do. In this next section, listen for the word "pace," which means "speed."
Kevin: Did you like living in a small town in California?
Jose: I really liked it, but the pace of life is much slower than in Mexico City.
Kevin: I understand. If I went to Mexico City, I think the pace of life would be very fast for me.
Jose: Even though life in a small town is different, sometimes I like a change of pace.
Winnie: Kevin 和 Jose 都覺得，小鎮裏的 pace of life 生活節奏跟大城市很不一樣。可是 Professor Bowman, Jose 說的 a change of "Peace" 是什麼意思呢？
Professor: I think he meant to say "a change of pace." A change of pace is something you do to change your usual habits.
Winnie: 哦， 我明白了，a change of pace 就是偶爾換個花樣。Kevin 和 Jose 聊得還挺投機的。Professor Bowman, 你覺得他們做室友合不合適？
Professor: We'll have to listen next time and find out!
A: Kevin和Jose一個來自美國小鎮，一個來自墨西哥的大城市，這相處起來，不知道會不會互相看不順眼。
B: I don't know, but they look like they're being pretty friendly to each other right now.
A：嗯......現在想想，我大學室友們到大四找工作時關係不好，每個人都脾氣很大，變得特自私，可能也是因爲臨畢業壓力大吧，其實大家都不是壞人。
B: 對，壓力會讓人變得很奇怪。You aren't yourself when you're stressed out.
A: I wonder why that is.
B: 聽聽下面的Business Etiquette，也許能找到答案。
Business Etiquette: De-stressing I
Jim在走廊上遇到同事Claire，跟Claire打招呼。
Jim: Hey Claire, you've been really quiet these last few days. Is something wrong?
Claire: I've been really stressed. It's the end of the year and I've got so much stuff to do! I feel like I'm drowning in work.
J: Well, stress is a real thing. It's not an imaginary condition.
C: It's seriously affecting my life! I can't sleep, I don't have much of an appetite and my husband says I've been kind of short tempered. Other people seem to handle stress am I so weak?
Claire最近一直不太說話，原來是因爲到年底了，有做不完的事情，I've been really stressed. 她感覺壓力特別大。Claire說，I feel like I'm drowning in work. Drown, d-r-o-w-n, drown 溺水，在這裏是一種比喻的說法，drown in work 意思是自己快要被工作壓垮了。Claire不僅睡眠不好，食慾差，而且還動不動就發脾氣，short tempered。大家都有壓力，是不是隻有Claire承壓能力差呢？ Jim說，
J: You're not 're stressed out! Stress has been a part of the human condition for millions of years. Back when we still lived in the trees we had to watch out for as you might imagine, that was pretty stressful.
C: Yeah, but I don't see any tigers or leopards roaming around our office. My stress is just about silly paperwork!
J: But you're actually having the same reaction as our tree-dwelling ancestors! It's called the "flight or fight" response. Each time you feel like something's threatening you, your body decides whether to run away or causes all sorts of chemical reactions in the body.
Jim安慰Claire說，這是身體對過度壓力所做出的反應，就好像原來住在樹上的老祖宗，隨時隨地要watch out for predators警惕捕食者的來襲，雖然現代人壓力的來源變了，但是Claire面對壓力，身體做出的反應還是一樣的，這種反應叫 flight or fight response，要在逃跑還是交戰之間做出選擇。Claire似懂非懂。
C: So a deadline will cause that same reaction?
J: It could. Modern humans actually have more "flight or fight" responses than our ancestors did. They just had a couple of close calls every day, but today, we have dozens or even hundreds!
C: So the life of a cave woman was less stressful than my life?
Jim說，跟生活在樹上的老祖宗相比，現代人每天面對的flight or fight的情況更多。他們以前每天可能只有幾次遇到危險 close calls，a close call指險些發生的厄運，比如 I was almost run over by a car. It was a close call. 我差點沒被車撞到，太懸了。如果真像Jim說的，現代人比史前人類 cave man或是cave woman 面對的壓力還大了？我們下次繼續聽。
A: Wow. 原始人也被壓力折磨啊! 怪不得工作壓力一大我就想回家睡覺，這就是flight or fight response, 而我本能地是想逃避。
B: If you always try to run away from your problems, you'll never amount to anything. 要在原始社會，你八成就得被餓死。
A: 那幸好我生活在現代社會。Besides, I'm not really weak. I can put myself together when I'm stressed out!
B:其實，壓力大的時候也可以看看體育比賽，放鬆自己。
A: 所以咱們要聽體育美語!
American sports English: underdog
P: Yang Chen, lets watch the women's final of the US Open.
Y: The US Open 美國網球公開賽，好啊。不過Patrick, 最近你怎麼老是看女子網球比賽?
You like the female tennis players, right?
P: Well, I just love athletic competition. And the short skirts are a bonus.
Y: So which player are we cheering for ?
P: You can also say which player are we rooting for.
Y.對。我們要給哪一個運動員加油?
P: Well, you know me, Yang Chen. I always like to cheer for or root for the underdog.
Y: Underdog? Like a dog?
P: Actually, the underdog is the player or team who isn't expected to win.
Y: Oh I see. The underdog 就是處於弱勢，不被看好的選手 。 Well, underdog 可不可以用在別的地方?
P: Sure. For example, I would love to date a famous tennis player. But with all the rich guys and movie stars chasing her, a regular guy like me would definitely be the underdog in the group.
Y: Oh come on. 你有great personality. 她一定會愛上你。
P: Gee.. thanks Yang Chen. Do you really mean it？
Y: HA! Of course not. You don't stand a chance buddy.
P: You mean it's a pipe dream? Wishful thinking?
Y: Yes. It is.你簡直是白日做夢。
P: Would you ever miss a chance to humiliate me?
A: Donny, underdog是不被看好的一方，那被看好的一方，比賽的奪標大熱門，是不是叫the favorite?
B: 沒錯。楊琳，Do you cheer for the underdog or the favorite?
A: 我通常是給弱隊加油。我心腸軟，覺得弱隊可憐。
B: Well in that case, when you watch a Harry Potter movie, do you cheer for the bad guys? Remember, the all ended up defeated by Harry and his friends!
A:這個嘛......我倒沒有，壞人長的不好看啊。我當然是給帥哥加油了!
B: 原來你也是“外貌協會”的。 好了，今天的節目時間差不多了。這次的撰稿人是曉北，編輯是蔚然。同學們，我們下次的美語訓練班再見!
A：Bye!
