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託福聽力講座經濟學學科詞彙

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想要更準確迅速地理解聽力內容,我們需要掌握一些和學科相關的專業詞彙,保持自己對此類英文詞義和詞音的靈敏度。經濟學是讓很多同學感到頭痛的一個學科類別,下面我們來看看託福聽力講座部分涉及到的高頻經濟學學科詞彙。

託福聽力講座經濟學學科詞彙

託福聽力講座經濟學學科詞彙梳理

經濟學 Economics

商業 Business

prosper[?pr?sp?]vi.繁榮

The dotcom crash n.互聯網泡沫

out of business 歇業,破產.

irrational adj.不理性的

boom and bust 繁榮與蕭條

industry n.產業,工業

native to 原產至

hail from 來自於,出產於

remote mountainous region n.偏遠山區

nomad [?n?um?d]n.遊牧民

merchant [?m?:t??nt]n.商人

diplomat [?dipl?m?t]n.外交官

tulip mania n.狂熱

gardening=horticulture n.園藝

disposable income n.可支配收入

luxury [?l?k??ri]n.奢侈品

commodity [k??m?diti]n.商品

specimen [?spes?m?n]n.樣本

variation [?ve?ri?ei??n]n.變種

gold [g?uld]n.金子(區:goal目標)

promissory note n.本票

guarantee [?g?r?n?ti:]v.擔保

speculation [?spekju?lei??n]n.投機

profit [?pr?fit]n.利潤

revenue =income n.收入

cost [k?st]n. 成本

borrowing [?b?r?ui?]n.借款

mortgage [?m?:gid?]n./vt. 抵押

auction [??:k??n]n./vt.拍賣

bidder [?bid?]n.投標者

Panic [?p?nik]n. 恐慌

collapse[k??l?ps]n./vt.崩潰

service[?s?:vis]n.服務

product[?pr?d?kt]n.產品

potential customer n.潛在客戶

託福聽力對話題目:學生和經濟學教授

托福考試內容回憶:

話題分類:student & economics professor

內容回憶:教授一開始詢問爲什麼作爲一個三人group,只有女生一人來,女生會發其他兩人的volleyball活動改了時間,今天趕不回來。然後師生進入今天的主題:本組的assignment是我們在購物時可能會遇到的一些非理智小費。比如online shopping 中,爲了節省shipping fee而購買一些我們不需要或者本不想要的東西。比如一個網站上,一件T-shirt賣15美元,另需要5美元運費,另一個網站上同樣的T-shirt賣10美元,兩件包郵。我們的選擇可能傾向後者。最後學生也準備在校內做一個問卷調查,通過 email 的形式來詢問同學們。

託福聽力裏的“別人”怎麼辦

備考託福的童鞋們都知道,每篇Conversation都是一男一女在對話,聊的話題多集中在學術論文、圖書館、課程註冊或是校園生活類的場景。雖然場景不同會帶來詞彙、句子內容上的一些變化,但是基本上來說Conversation是有很明確的“套路”的。大家有沒有發現,每當兩人對話的時候,聊到另外的一個“別人”或者一些“別人”,經常會在這個地方出一道題。最常見的“別人”無外乎某個老師(Professor/Teacher)、某個導師(Advisor/Chair/Instructor)、同學朋友(classmate/roommate/friend/student)、甚至某個家人(Parents/Brother/Cousin)等等。

我平常上課的時候會一再強調聽力文章裏“例子”的重要性,但這裏說的例子絕不僅限於for example/instance、such as/like之類的,決定一個東西是不是例子不能只依賴所謂的“提示詞”,因爲沒幾個例子是真會說到for example這樣的話的。大家一定要從內容上出發,擴大對於“例子”概念的理解,你會發現其實某個人、某個地方、某個東西、某種動物、一個故事、一個段子、某個經歷都可以當成例子,而對於這樣的例子考試經常會出一道題:Why does the professor mention/discuss/introduce _X?

上過我課的同學一定有印象,我們在課上會專門練習“抓例子”的能力,每次聽到例子的時候讓大家養成下意識的習慣,在筆記裏用 ~ 這個符號標出來,聽完文章甚至在做題之前我就會問大家剛纔聽到了幾個例子?有人在筆記裏找到兩個~符號,有人找到三個,接下來做題的時候你會發現大部分例子都能對應一道題,而沒有考出來的我則會給大夥兒加一道例子題。

我們今天聊的Conversation裏的“別人”,就是一個非常有特點的考點, 我們也把它歸類到咱們的“例子”裏,因爲是個“人”嘛。下次聽Conversation聽到了老王老張老劉,可不能再忽略了,一定要用心聽清楚當時聊的是什麼,最好能用很少的詞把這個例子涉及到的話題簡單記下來(一定不能寫得太多,寫字太多的話會影響聽本身,最好的筆記永遠是字少但是信息抓得準,筆記起到的是輔助記憶的作用,不能因爲記筆記而妨礙了聽力本身,這樣就得不償失了)。

給大家找幾個託福裏比較有代表性的“別人”,咱們看看這些題都長什麼樣:

託福Conversation 2:

Student: The section on dialects, ‘cause…like, that’s the kind of thing that’s always sort of intrigued me, you know? … Well, especially now, ‘cause I’ve got like one roommate who is from the south and another one from New York. And we all talk like totally different, you know?

Why is the student interested in learning more about dialects?

A. she often has trouble understanding what other students are saying

B. she is trying to change the way she speaks

C. she is aware that her own dialect differs from those of her roommates

D. she spent her childhood various places where different dialects are spoken

正確答案:C

託福Conversation 2:

Student: …My chair person told me that if I did independent field research in addition to the assigned work in each course; they would count as intermediate level courses. My classmates, um, some of my classmates, did this for an easy way to meet their intermediate course requirement, but I did it to get the kind of depth in those topics I was going for….

Why does the man mention his classmates?

A. To explain how he obtained information about field research

B. To point out that many students like to do field research

C. To show that it is difficult to get intermediate-level credits

D. To emphasize his motivation to do filed research in two of his courses

正確答案:D (這道題從考點來看的話又是“別人”,又是別的同學跟自己的“對比”)

託福Conversation 2:

L: Actually, you need to return it today. That is if you want to check out those books today. That's our policy.

S: Oh, I didn't know that.

L: Yeah, not a lot of people realize that. In fact, every semester we get a few students who have their borrowing privileges suspended completely because they haven't returned books. They're allowed to use books only in the library. They're not allowed to check anything out because of unreturned books.

What is the woman trying to explain when she mentions students who have lost their borrowing privileges?

A. Why the man should not photocopy part of the book

B. The reasons for one of the library’s policies

C. What will happen if the man does not return the book

D. The reason the man has to fill out a form

正確答案:C

託福Conversation 2:

Student: Okay. Here’s what happened. Um…I think my professor really miscalculated. Anyway the syllabus was way too ambitious in my opinion. There’re only 2 weeks of classes left in the semester and there are like 6 books on the syllabus that we haven’t even touched.

Why is the professor not going to discuss the book by Jane Bowles in the class?

A. There is not enough time left in the semester

B. Not all of the students were able to get a copy of the book

C. The professor miscalculated the difficulty level of the book

D. The book was not on the course syllabus

正確答案:A

託福Conversation 2:

Secretary: I don’t know how they work over there, ‘cause they couldn’t even figure out whose information was missing. And this isn’t the first time. Seems like something like this happens every semester.

What does the woman imply about the people who work in the payroll office?

A. They did not realize that they had a problem.

B. They are rather disorganized.

C. They had tried to contact the man several times.

D. They prefer to process checks manually.

正確答案:B

有點感覺了吧?每次聊到所謂“別人”的信息的時候都是一道題。如果你能在記筆記的時候非常簡單的記下這個信息的話(如果內容非常簡單的話哪怕不動筆寫下來,用耳朵抓住,用腦子記也可以),肯定能幫助你做題。

當然了, 回到我前幾篇文章的老套路,就是教大家去“猜題”。咱們既然已經確定“別人”是一道題了,做題的時候如果發現這個地方沒有出題,那咱在精聽的時候就給自己加一道。

舉些例子,TPO8 Conversation 1裏提到了學生的導師(chair), TPO 9 Conversation 2裏提到了學生的一個教授(professor), TPO15 Conversation 2裏提到的女孩的弟弟和父母,TPO 5 Conversation 1裏提到了學生的室友(roommate)...還有無數這樣的“別人”都沒有考出來題,大家返回去重聽的時候一定要重視起來。不過也別擔心,只要能把提到這個別人時聊的話題都差不多聽懂,這個題哪怕真考出來也難不倒大家的。

託福要靠語言能力,聽懂的多自然做對題就多。咱們聊的考試套路都是輔助的工具而已。

託福備考心經 託福聽力重點考察的能力有哪些

1、邏輯分析能力

關於託福聽力句子功能題、主旨類題型、組織結構題、內容連接題,考生要具備的託福聽力能力是能夠分析邏輯才能解題。句子功能題提問考生根據一句話來讀出作者意圖,回答這類題的託福聽力技巧是不要字面意思,對話的功能和用意可能和說話者直接表達的意思是不相符的。例如,一個祕書問學生它是否知道宿舍辦公室在哪裏,她並不是想從學生那裏問到宿舍辦公室在哪裏。要通過聯繫上下文內容選擇答案。而且往往針對反問、虛擬語氣、舉例來出題;主旨類題目的託福聽力技巧在於尋找對話的主題。比如,在教授的辦公時間裏,一個學生請教關於冰川論文的問題。他們的繪畫包含了冰川的內容,但是對話的主題是學生需要寫論文的一些幫助。這個對話中,對話者的主要目的並不是想傳遞關於冰川的看法。在校園服務對話中,通常學生嘗試着解決問題。需要理解學生的問題是什麼,如何解決,這些會幫助你回答好這類問題。在講座類材料中,則需要從教授的課堂一開始就把握主題。

2、基本理解

常見的考察基本理解的託福聽力題目是細節題,所以考生在託福聽力過程中要記好筆記。和託福閱讀不同,託福聽力中往往細節題是較難把握的。考生要注意在選擇答案時,要從主旨出發排除和主旨相悖的選項,而且也不要因爲某個選項出現了聽到的詞彙就貿然確定答案。託福聽力細節內容較多,記筆記時記什麼?考生在備考中要分析託福聽力真題細節題,學會把握託福聽力重點細節內容。

3、推理能力

相關託福聽力題目是說話人態度題、推論題。說話人態度題需要考生把握的託福聽力能力是聽出觀點及說話者感受,技巧是學會注意說話者的語氣,是不是包含歉意,充滿疑惑,滿含熱情。需要一定推理能力。推論題需要考生根據細節推測,類似於託福閱讀推論題,不過因爲考生無法查找信息,只能在筆記中記好文章框架,根據題幹中出現的信息找到所在位置。

託福聽力講座經濟學學科詞彙梳理