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英語聽力提高效率的技巧

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短對話
一、But 題型
形式:A:......
B:......,but .......
重點:聽第二個說話人B說話,but 後面所說的話爲重點,出題點往往在but後面。四級聽力題中,But 後面的爲重點的佔95%,之前的爲重點的佔5%。
e.g. (這題是反例,考的居然是but之前的內容,不過這種情況很少出現的)
A: I suppose you've bought some gifts for your family.
B: Well, I've bought a shirt for my father and two books for my sister. But I've not decided what to buy for my mother. Probably some jewels.
Question: Who did the man buy the book for?
Answer: His sister.二、場景題
(1)每一類場景,常考出題思路--用於解題
(2)線索詞
▲場景題選項特點:
(1)介詞結構in/at somewhere
(2)To do開頭的(問的是purpose目的)
(3)Doing....../ They're doing....../They're .
(4)A and B(人之間的關係relationship) e.g. Students and teacher.

英語聽力提高效率的技巧

▲場景題提問方式:
(1)what (過去,現在,將來)
(2)Where is the conversation taking place? / Where does the conversation take place?
(3)When is the conversation taking place?
(4)Who-->where (location) 問人是誰,可以從他所在的地方來判斷。

▲各類場景(把各類場景容易出現的詞給記住,選選項時往常考思路上靠)

1. 抱怨的作業:
(1)paper
a)論文
b)newspaper 報紙
c)document 文件
d)紙張
寫論文的步驟:
a)choose a topic 選題
area: The area is too board for me. 題目的範圍太廣了
narrow the topic down 把題目範圍縮小
b)do some research 做調查 (去圖書館library 做調查)
c)type it out 打印
typewriter 打字機,computer, lap top 手提電腦, printer 打印機, laser printer 激光打印機, ribbon 色帶
(2)presentation 口頭演講--oral form = speech = report = address
a)時間性 20分鐘,一般演講18-19分鐘,留下幾分鐘時間別人發問
b)正式着裝--formal clothes
change(穿的衣服不合適就要換)
You can't go like that. You need a change. 你這樣穿不行,要換一套衣服。
c)內心感受--nervous (演講前心裏很害怕)
(3)Reading assignment / list 閱讀作業/清單
Do you think the reading list is enormous? 你覺不覺要讀的書太多了?
(4)Research
Financial Aid 經濟資助
a)Tuition wavier 學費減免
b)RA--Researching Assistant 助研
TA--Teaching Assistant 助教
Fellowship 獎學金

2. 餐廳
(1)cafeteria 學校飯堂:meal card/ticket 飯卡/飯票,helping 一人份
(2)restaurant: fancy 高檔的, menu 菜譜, order, manager 經理, waiter
book/reserve 預訂 ,make a reservation 預定
上菜順序:soup湯--> main course主菜--> salad 沙拉(chef salad招牌沙拉)--> dessert甜點 (pudding布丁, cheese , fruit)
讚美人家做菜好吃:
(1)Even my mother's can't match this.
即使我媽媽做的也比不上這個好吃。
(2)I took the last one and it was out of the world.
(太好吃了以至於)我把最後一塊也吃掉了。
(3)You wouldn't have to force me to help another one.
你不用叫我吃,我自己也會拿來吃的。

3. 罰款 fine
校內:library 裏面,書過期
校外:break the traffic rules 違反交通規則,go speeding 超速
各種費用:
fare 交通費(車費,船費),
fee 雜費,
tuition 學費,
tuition and fee 學雜費,
rent 房租,
utilities 水電費,
rate 按比例收取的費用,
post rate=postage 郵資

4. 機場
常考思路:
(1)票已售完
(2)接人(飛機)晚點
(3)送人傷感 see somebody off
常見線索詞:
airplane, flight 航班,
direct flight 直航,
transfer 轉機,
seat-belt=safety belt 安全帶,
first class 頭等艙,
economy class 經濟艙,
take off 起飛,
land 降落,
circle 盤旋
wing: a.建築物的附屬樓 b.飛機的翅膀 c.雞翅
terminal: a.終端(機房裏面 Should I use this terminal?)
b. =final station 公交站最後一站
c.候機大廳
domestic terminal 國內候機大廳,
international terminal 國際候機大廳

5. 交通
常考思路:
(1)交通堵塞 traffic jam
back up: a. 作業堆積如山 b. 車輛很多 c. back somebody up 支持某人
(2)交通違章-->fine 罰款
break the traffic rule 違反交通規則, go speeding 超速
(3)晚點 behind schedule6. 打電話
常考思路:
(1)約人約不到
(2)約會去不了
sth comes up/ I'd like to reschedule/ Could you fit me in (the doctor's schedule)?
(3)電話打不通(包括打錯電話)
線索詞:
run out of coins(在公共電話亭裏)沒錢了,
cut off 被迫斷線,
hang up 主動掛斷電話,
receiver 聽筒,
slot 電話上的小投幣口,
yellow pages 黃頁,
dial 撥電話,
hook(以前舊式電話上面的)鉤,
operator 接線員
打電話步驟:
Look up the number in the yellow pages. 在黃頁裏查找電話。
Drop the coins in the slot. 把硬幣投入投幣口。
Then dial the number you want it. 然後撥打你所需要的電話。

7. 醫院
常考思路:
(1)醫生難找
(2)病情如何(getting better/worse)
(3)有病耽誤課 miss the class
線索詞:
treat 治療(表過程),
cure 治療,治癒(表結果)
infirmary / students' help center 學校的醫院,
clinic 診所,
hospital, ward 病房,
prescribe 開藥方,
prescription 處方
Send him to Ward Three. 把他送去3號病房。
Send him toward three. 把他送到東方去。(因爲時鐘三點指向東(上北下南左西右東) )
fill the prescription 按方抓藥,
refill the prescription 繼續按方抓藥,
cough 咳嗽, fever , influenza(flu) 流感

8. 缺課
缺課原因:
(1)get ill 由於生病而缺課
(2)oversleep 睡過頭了
(3)traffic jam 交通堵塞
(4)(car)break down 車拋錨

9. 買東西
(1) supermarket 超級市場:
supplies 生活用品,price tag 價格籤,special offer/ on sale 打折,cart 手推車,vender 售貨員,cashier 收銀員
(2) department store 百貨商店:
appliance 家用電器,
costume 服裝,
floor 層,
men's 男裝區,
sport's goods 體育用品,
for sale 熱賣中,待售中,
discount打折,折頭,
70% off 三折,
produce 農產品,
product 工業產品,
production 產品(總稱)

10. 修理東西
TV, refrigerator(fridge) 冰箱,
oven 電烤爐

11. 關於工作
常考思路:
(1) 找到工作高興
(2) 失去工作傷心 a.被解僱 b.離開舊工作
(3) 拒絕工作令人感到奇怪
線索詞:
找工作的過程:
(1) 信息來源
a. classified ads 分類廣告
help and wanted section 供求關係欄
b. bulletin board 公告欄
c. flyer傳單
(2) make a phone call
Is the position still available? 工作職位還仍然空缺嗎?
(3) resume 個人簡歷
certification 學歷證, ID 身份證,qualification 資歷,
recommendation letter 推薦信
fill out= fill in = fill up 填表格
(4) interview 面試

12. 人性的缺點
(1)健忘 forgetful, absent-minded, slip one's mind
He's forgetful. / Isn't he forgetful? / How forgetful he is!
(2)害羞 shy 害羞, embarrassed 尷尬, self-conscious 自信,
keep one's mind/ thought to oneself=keep to onself

13. 租房子
常考思路
(1)房難找
(2)房太貴
(3)房太嘈
線索詞
for rent 房子出租,
house , living-room 廳,
rest-room 廁所

14. 理髮
線索詞
cut 大剪,
trim 小修剪,
bang 男生劉海,
parting 分頭(I want parting to the left.我想要左分頭。)
plait 辮子,
fringe 女生劉海,
pigtail 麻花辮,
ponytail 馬尾辮,
ripple 波浪捲髮三、重複反問題型
形式:A:......
B:......(形容詞,重複A部分的話),.......
Q:......
直接把B所說的形容詞加深程度的選項爲正確選項
例1:A:It's a little bit warm out today.
B: Warm. You could fry an egg on the sidewalk.
正確選項應是強調warm的。
例2:A: Mary sees happy with her grades.
B:Happy. She could hardly contain herself.她簡直樂翻了。
正確選項應該是強調happy的。

四、態度方向題 Yes/ No?
A:講述一個idea/opinion(一般疑問句)
B:Yes/No,......(闡述理由)
選項特點: 有兩個兩兩相反的選項(另外提醒一下,在聽力題四個選項中,如果有其中兩個選項說的內容剛好是相反的,那麼正確答案必定爲其中一個)
複習前面筆記關於表示yes, no 含義的答句。五、建議題
A:ble......(講述一個trouble)
B1: Advice.
B2: Don't worry. / Calm down. / Take it easy.
B: 先安慰,後給advice.
表示建議的表達方式
You should..../ shouldn't....
You ought to....
Why not.../ why don't...?
If I were you, I would....
How about doing.../ What about doing...?
It's (about/high) time that ...(用過去時)。
在託福題中
(1) apple pie 一定好吃, pizza 一定不好吃
因爲蘋果批是traditional American的,
The picnic is as American as apple pie. 這是一個地道的美式野餐。
另外,apple pie virtue=traditional American virtue 表美國人樂觀等好品德
(2) film 通常是不好看的,concert 通常是好的
film: waste of time/money
It has got an awful review. 影評書評說它很差很爛。
Concert: worth the price of admission
虛擬語氣:
1)might have, could have, should have 本應該
2)表與現在相反If I were you, I would ...=You should....
語氣詞
1.表示糟糕的語氣
It's too bad. / It's tough. / Oh, no. / What a pity. / Tough luck. / Uh-oh. 小麻煩
2.表示驚訝的語氣
Boy. / Oh, boy. / Oh, mine. / My God. / My Goodness. / WOW! 非常驚訝
3.表示讚美的語氣
Wonderful. / Terrific. / My favorite. = My fav.我的最愛。 / Cool. / Super cool. 酷呆了。/Ultra cool. 酷斃了。
4.表示肯定的語氣
Yeah. = Yes. / You bet. / Uh-huh. / And... / I'll say. / You said it. / You can say that again. / And how. / Isn't it (though). / Aren't they (though).
5.表示否定的語氣
nope.(升調)=no./ But. / Are you kidding? / Are you joking? / Are you serious? / No kidding. / no joking. / Who told you that? / Says who. / Says you.
Do you mind if I did ...?=Mind if I ...?
-Yes, I do mind. 我介意
-No, I don't mind at all. Go ahead please. 我不介意
not at all=no
打招呼方式:
正式: How do you do?
非正式: Hi. / How are you doing? / What's new? / What happens? / What's going on? / What's up?
道別方式:
正式:Goodbye for now. 就此別過.
See you later/ next time.
老外特點:
(1)不謙虛
(2)崇尚個人奮鬥
體現在場景裏面是借錢或借筆記,老外通常是不會借的
Don't look at me. 別指望我。
Do you think I was made of money? / Do you think I inherited a fortune? 你以爲我繼承了一筆財產啊?
(3)老外好象很有錢的原因
a)外國福利好
b)可以向銀行貸款
c)由於生活習慣(如付小費不吝嗇)
(4)表達思想非常直接段子題
一、文章內容
常談論facts(偉大的人,偉大的事)
二、文章類型
1.介紹性
(1) 講故事
(2) 說明性-->對現實生活的影響
2.討論性 conclusion說出一個結論
3.對比性my opinion.講述我的觀點
三、解題思路
1.結構
2.行文
3.思維
(1) 題目分佈(題目出題順序一般按照順序原則,也就是出題順序與行文順序相一致)
(2) 選項長短
(3) 提問角度
(4) 題目間關係
四、解題步驟
1.聽之前看選項
(1) 看選項長短
(2) 找出選項中的相同詞--以便確定文章的內容和範圍
(3) 找數字題--年代,時間,數目,金錢(聽到什麼選什麼)
注意:在第一部分短對話中,聽到什麼不選什麼,一般都要通過運算才能的出正確結論。這一點與段子題剛好相反。
2.抓兩頭
(1) 聽到結尾-->回憶結尾的一兩句話
(2) 重複詞(重複出現的詞就是文章所講述的重點內容),同時提示文章快要結束了
(3) As a result, so , therefore, thus均提示文章快要結束了
3.中間抓小詞
(1) 要牢記以下七個小詞:
first, most , because出現,99%會出考題
only, just也會出考題
but, however也會出考題
(2) 常考的邏輯關係:
並列:and
因果:because
轉折:but , however
遞進:the more ,the more
讓步:despite, although, though
4.補救措施
如果沒聽清楚文章內容,就必須聽清楚題目問什麼,然後用common sense常識來判斷正誤
五、題型
1.主觀態度題:講facts,選正態度(就是說,選一個積極的,讚揚的,好的態度)
What's the speaker's attitude toward sth?
What's the speaker's impression of sth?
主觀態度題常常不會考太過細緻的選項(就是說,說得太精確的選項一般都是用來迷惑人的)
2.中心思想題
What's the passage mainly talking about?
What's the main idea of this passage?
What's the topic of this passage?
當這些詞出現在中心思想題中時,選項常爲正確:
development . evolution進化,演化(緩慢的過程), formation形成過程,effects, ......
3.paraphrase替換題
(1) 詞組與詞的替換
cancel= call off
late /delay=behind schedule
(2) 詞與詞的替換
a. 同義詞
interesting=stimulating=fascinating=exciting
b. 反義詞複合式聽寫(Compound Dictation)
解題步驟以及注意事項:
1. 聽第一遍時,只寫1-7空, 聽8-10空的general idea
2. 創立一套自己的符號標記,以便速記
3. 阿拉伯數字1-10寫英文,較大的數字寫阿拉伯數字
4. 句首字母要大寫