他從英國坐火車到中國,只爲應對氣候危機

Twenty-four trains, nine countries, 13,500 miles.

24趟列車，9個國家，13500英里（21726千米）。

They are the numbers behind the epic train journey one man took from Southampton in the UK to eastern China.

這是一個人從英國南安普敦到中國東部史無前例的火車之旅背後的數字。

Roger Tyers, 37, spent a month on board trains and over $2,500 -- almost triple the cost of a return flight -- to travel to the Chinese port city Ningbo for academic research in May.

37歲的羅傑·泰爾斯坐了一個月火車，花了2500多美元（約合人民幣1.8萬元）——往返機票價格的近三倍——纔在五月份抵達中國港口城市寧波做學術研究。

It was the climate crisis, not a love of trains, that drove the sociologist to choose this complicated route over a return flight. Tyers told CNN that he felt compelled to stop flying when UN climate experts warned last year that the world has less than 11 years to avoid catastrophic levels of global warming.

驅使這位社會學家選擇這條複雜路線，而不是坐飛機往返的，不是對火車的熱愛，而是氣候危機。泰爾斯告訴CNN說，聯合國氣候專家去年警告稱，世界距離災難性的全球變暖只剩不到11年的時間，這讓他覺得有必要停止坐飛機。

Tyers is not the only person to shun air travel in response to climate change. Thousands of people worldwide have publicly pledged to stop flying, including teenage activist Greta Thunberg, who has inspired youth climate protests around the world.

泰爾斯不是唯一一個避免坐飛機來應對氣候變化的人。全世界有數千人公開承諾停止坐飛機，其中就包括青少年活動家格蕾塔·桑伯格，她激勵全球各地的年輕人起來抗議氣候變化。

Activist Maja Rosen launched the "Flight Free" campaign in Sweden in 2018 with the aim of encouraging 100,000 people not to fly for one year.

2018年，活動家瑪雅·羅森在瑞典發起了“無飛行”活動，目標是鼓勵10萬人一年內不坐飛機。

Although only around 14,000 people signed the online "#flightfree2019" pledge, Rosen told CNN that the campaign had made more people aware of the urgency of the climate crisis and motivated them to travel by train more often.

儘管只有約1.4萬人在#無飛行2019 線上承諾書籤了字，羅森告訴CNN說，該活動讓更多人意識到了氣候危機的緊迫性，並激勵他們更多地乘坐火車出行。

According to a survey released in May 2019 by Swedish Railways (SJ), 37% of respondents chose to travel by train instead of plane where possible, compared to 20% at the start of 2018. An SJ spokesperson said: "Rail travel is soaring thanks to climate fears."Domestic passenger numbers in July fell by 12% compared to the previous year, according to Swedavia, a company which operates Sweden's 10 busiest airports.

根據瑞典鐵路在2019年5月發佈的一項調查，37%的受訪者儘可能選擇坐火車而不是飛機旅行，而在2018年初做出同樣選擇的只有20%。瑞典鐵路的一名發言人稱：“多虧了人們對氣候變化的擔憂，乘坐火車旅行的人數大增。”運營瑞典最繁忙的10個機場的Swedavia集團稱，今年七月國內乘客數量同比下降了12%。

Rosen, who stopped flying 12 years ago, says the collective pledge helps combat the sense of hopelessness many people feel when it comes to tackling climate change.

十二年前就停止坐飛機的羅森說，這份集體承諾書有助於對抗許多人在應對氣候變化時的那種無助感。

"One of the problems is that people feel there's no point in what you do as an individual. The campaign is about making people aware that if we do this together, we can actually make a huge difference," she said.

她說：“其中一個問題是，人們覺得個體做出的努力是徒勞的。這個活動就是要讓人們意識到，如果我們一起來做這件事，我們就能發揮巨大的作用。”

A passenger's footprint from an individual flight depends on a number of factors, including how far they fly and how full the plane is, but also on what class they travel in: First class passengers are given more space than economy passengers, meaning they're responsible for a bigger proportion of the plane's emissions.

一名乘客在一次飛行中產生的碳足跡取決於許多因素，包括他們的飛行距離、飛機上座率，但也取決於他們的艙位等級：頭等艙的乘客得到的空間比經濟艙的乘客大，這意味着他們出行產生的排放更多。

Emissions from train travel also depend on many factors, including how the train is powered. An electric train powered by clean energy will have much lower emissions than a diesel-powered train, for example.

乘坐火車旅行所產生的排放量也取決於許多因素，包括火車的動力來源。舉例來說，以清潔能源爲動力的電力火車排放量比柴油驅動的火車低得多。

Tyers calculated that his train journey to China produced almost 90% less emissions than a return flight.

據泰爾斯估算，他到中國的火車之旅所產生的排放物比乘飛機往返要少近90%。

The aviation industry accounts for 2% of man-made carbon dioxide emissions (CO2). By 2050, this is expected to increase to 22% if nothing changes.

人類活動造成的二氧化碳排放物中，航空業佔了2%。如果保持現狀，到2050年這一數字將增長到22%。

A passenger on a return flight from London to New York generates as much CO2 as the average person in the European Union does by heating their home each year, according to the European Commission.

根據歐盟委員會的數據，一名旅客乘坐飛機從倫敦到紐約往返所產生的二氧化碳相當於歐盟每人每年取暖所產生的二氧化碳平均水平。