晚上睡不好或導致抑鬱大綱

Missing out on a good night's sleep can leave you more likely to become depressed or suffer from bipolar disorder, research has found. The largest study of its kind put movement monitors on 91,000 people to track activity levels and survey levels of happiness.

研究已發現：晚上睡不好可能讓你更容易抑鬱或更易患雙相障礙。作爲該類研究中規模最大的研究，本研究對91000位受試者進行了運動監測，追蹤他們的活動水平並研究他們的幸福感程度。

The findings, published in the journal Lancet Psychiatry, show being too active at night and inactive in the day was linked to lower mood. Depression and bipolar disorder were more likely over a lifetime. Sleep patterns associated with shift workers and university students were linked with mood instability, unhappiness and loneliness.

研究發表在《柳葉刀精神病學》期刊上，結果表明：夜間過於活躍和白天不活動與情緒低落相關；一生中患抑鬱症和雙相障礙的可能性更高。輪班工作者和大學生的睡眠模式與情緒不穩定、不幸福和孤獨感相關。

Scientists believe this is linked to a disruption of our natural body clock, called the circadian rhythm. Dr Laura Lyall from the University of Glasgow, said: "Our findings indicate an association between altered daily circadian rhythms and mood disorders and wellbeing.

科學家認爲這與我們的生物鐘被打亂相關，也就是晝夜節律。格拉斯哥大學的勞拉·萊爾博士說道："我們的研究結果表明：改變的每日晝夜節律與心境障礙及幸福感之間存在關聯。"

"However, these are observational associations and cannot tell us whether mood disorders and reduced wellbeing cause disturbed rest-activity patterns, or whether disturbed circadian rhythmicity makes people vulnerable to mood disorders and poorer wellbeing." The circadian rhythm of all animals affect bodily functions from temperature regulation to eating habits.

"然而，這些都是觀察性的關聯，無法告訴我們心境障礙和幸福感水平下降是否會導致紊亂的休息-活動模式，也無法告訴我們紊亂的晝夜節律是否會讓人們易患心境障礙和幸福感較弱。"所有動物的晝夜節律都會影響他們的身體機能，包括溫度調節、飲食習慣等。

Previous research has shown disrupting this body clock has been linked to higher chance of diseases of the brain and pancreas. Other small studies have suggested a link between sleep patterns and mental health.

先前的研究已表明：生物鐘被打亂與大腦和胰腺疾病的患病風險更高相關。其它小型研究已表明：睡眠模式和心理健康之間存在關聯。

The movement of 91,105 participants aged 37 to 73 from the UK Biobank register was measured for seven days each between 2013 and 2015. Mental health questionnaires were then used to assess symptoms of mental disorders. Researchers used computer modelling to try to discount other factors such as age, sex, weight and childhood trauma.

2013至2015年間，研究員每隔7天對91105位受試者的運動測量一次，他們在英國Biobank登記、年齡層爲37至73歲。之後讓他們填寫心理健康問卷以評估他們的心境障礙症狀。研究員利用計算機建模、試圖消除其它因素的影響，比如年齡、性別、體重和童年創傷。

Dr Lyall measuring sleep patterns could be a way for the NHS to target those at risk of developing mental illnesses. She added: "It will be useful for future studies to track participants' rest-activity patterns over time to see whether disturbed rhythms can predict whether someone is more likely to go on to develop a mood disorder."

萊爾博士估量睡眠模式可能是英國國民健康體系找出可能患精神疾病風險人羣的方式。她補充表示："對於隨着時間的推移追蹤受試者休息-活動模式以觀察紊亂的晝夜節律是否能預測某人更有可能繼續發展心境障礙的後期研究而言，本研究將提供幫助。"