做個學霸:高效自學外語的六大訣竅
1. Get interested
第一步：對所學之物感興趣Make no mistake. Your interest in the subject is the essentialdriver of success. You can"t learn what you do not want to ion is an important part of the learning process. If you areeven moderately interested in a subject, give yourself a key is to get started. If you can create some pleasurableroutines, you may find that the subject grows on you. “L’appetitvient en mangeant” (the appetite comes with eating) as they say inFrench。
可別搞錯了，興趣是成功學成某件事的根本要素！你不想學的東西當然學不會。在學習過程中保持熱情至關重要。所以如果你對某件事有些興趣，那就給自己一個學習的機會。關鍵是要“開始”！如果你能創造一些讓自己開心的學習模式，那麼就能好好開始學習這門科目。就像他們在法語裏說的那樣：吃着吃着就有胃口了！很多同學因爲看美劇或動漫而對英語、日語產生了強烈的興趣，這就是一個很棒的開始。如果你能抓住這個興趣，把興趣發展到語言學習中，你就不僅僅能得到看劇的快樂，更能爲自己添加一種新的能力。不要擔心自己學不下來，總要給自己一個機會開始。2. Expect problems and you won’t bedisappointed。
第二步：降低期望值，這樣就不會對自己失望
Don't expect to understand things, much less remember them,the first time you study them. Trust that things will get cleareras your brain comes to grips with new information. It is like ajig-saw puzzle or a cross-word puzzle. As you start to put thepieces together, or string the words together, the full picturebecomes clearer. The brain learns all the time, but on its ownschedule. Learning does not take place according to a schedule laiddown by a curriculum or teacher. Some things are easier to learnthan others. Some things just take longer to click in. Keep at it,and you will gradually find that things that seem difficult atfirst, will become second nature with time。
當一開始學習的時候，別指望能一下就全部理解、更別說記住所有知識點了。要相信，隨着你瞭解越來越多的新知識、你的頭腦也會變得清晰起來。這就像是拼圖、或者填字遊戲那樣：當你把圖形一個一個拼起來、或是把單詞一一填進去，整個大局就會清楚。大腦其實隨時都在學習，不過它也有自己的節奏。學習的過程是不會按照一個課程、或是老師給你規定的進行的。有的東西比其他好學，有的東西就是需要花更多時間。堅持下去，你慢慢就會發現那些一開始看上去很難的東西也會隨着時間變得簡單了。3. Cover the same ground from differentangles。
第三步：從不同的角度學習同一個知識點。Your brain is struggling to form patterns to cope with newinput from your learning activities. Sometimes, no matter how longyou focus on one subject, your brain is not going to pick it up. Ifyou are stuck, move on. Then cover the same general informationfrom a different source, a different book, or a podcast, or anonline lecture or a video. Try to become a grazing learner, roamingthe countryside, rather than a feedlot learner, just standing therein one spot, munching on the same bale of hay. The broader yourbase, the easier it is to learn. Just as the “rich get richer”， themore you know, the more you can learn。
在新知識的學習過程中，你的大腦會通過固有模式來接受新的知識點。有的時候，不管花多長時間對着一個科目，你就是記不住它。如果卡在這種時候，就略過它。跟着從其他的信息來源：比如不同的書籍、播客、線上課程或視頻來重新學習同一個知識點。試着把自己變成一個“放養”的學習者——在知識的草原上四處周遊；而不是“圈養”的學習者——只站在一個點上學習，反覆咀嚼一個知識點。看地越廣、就能學的輕鬆。就像是“有錢的更有錢”的道理那樣，你知道的越多、就能學的越多。4. Be a multimedia learner。
第四步：做一個多媒體學習者The more varied your learning content, and the more varied theways in which you learn, the clearer the puzzle will erent learning activities suit different people, at differenttimes of the day. Vary your activities in order to keep yourinterest level up. Even if listening and reading work best for you,treat yourself to the odd video lecture, or get-together with otherlearners. This will renew your batteries。
你學習的內容越多、來源越多，你就會對知識點越清楚。不同的人適合不同的學習方法，每天的學習“興奮點”也不錯。所以最好能找到自己的一套學習規律來保持自己的“興奮度”。即便聽和讀是你習慣的學習方式，也要讓自己試着去聽聽看視頻的演講、或是跟其他學習者交流。這會讓你重新充滿精力！5. Anytime is learning time。
第五步：隨時都是學習時間！Take full advantage of the Internet, iTunes, and variousmobile devices, not to mention good old-fashioned books andmagazines. Learn during “dead time”. Listen in your car, on thetrain, or while jogging. Have your learning with you while waitingin the doctor's office, or listen while checking out at thesupermarket. Anytime is learning time. Remember, you are learningthrough exposure, not by nailing things down. It is more likemoisture accumulation in a cloud, rather than building a brickwall。
一定要好好利用互聯網、iTunes和其他多種移動便攜設備，更不用說書籍和雜誌這樣的傳統學習資源啦！把那些“死時間”也都利用起來：開車、坐火車、或者慢跑時都可以聽課。在醫院排隊、或是超市等結賬的時候你有沒有在聽課呢？其實隨時都可以是學習時間。記住，你要與學習材料耳鬢廝磨來學習，而不是痛苦地一點一點去啃材料。這個過程更像是一朵雲的形成，是水汽的一點點累計；而不像砌一面牆那樣，把磚堆上去就好。 網絡課程最大的優勢就在於“隨時隨地”！只要有網絡，學習時間由你定。有的人適合早起，一清早最有效率；可有的人就是天生的夜貓子，早晨的學習效率無論如何都高不起來。現在都不用擔心了，你完全可以按照適合自己的時間點來調節、來學習。6. Join learning communities。
第六步：加入學習社區The “loneliness of the distance learner” is a thing of thepast. Join a learning community on the web, where members sharetheir knowledge and experience. Search for the communities thatsuit your interests and learning style. You will findencouragement, advice and stimulus from fellow learners, as well asfrom tutors, teachers and coaches. In these communities, you canmeasure your progress against your own goals, or compare yourexperience with that of other learners. You can even teach and helpothers, which is a great way to learn。
“遠程教育是孤獨的”概念已經成爲過去。現在你可以加入一個網絡學習社區，和大家一起分享知識與經驗。找一個符合你興趣和學習方式的社區。在那裏你可以從其他學習者身上找到鼓勵、建議和動力，同時也有導師、老師和教練給你提供支持。在這些社區中，你能更好地檢驗自己的學習進度、也可以和其他學習者競爭。甚至，你還可以教授或幫助其他人，這的確是一個學習的好方法！
