北京國際馬拉松成了有毒霾拉鬆

The 34th Beijing International Marathon has acquired a new name among some disappointed participants: Smogathon.

第34屆北京國際馬拉松賽有了新名稱，一些感到沮喪的選手稱之爲：霾拉鬆。

About 30,000 runners, many from other parts of China or abroad, awoke in the Chinese capital on Sunday to an orange sun glowing weakly through a dirty haze.

週日，大約三萬名選手——其中許多來自中國其他地區及國外——在中國首都醒來，太陽透過骯髒的霧靄發出微弱的橙色光芒。

Some ran anyway. Some ran away. But no one canceled on the advice of the organizers, the Chinese Athletic Association and the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Sports, because those organization did not call it off. That sparked calls from participants for the International Association of Athletics Federations, which has approved the 26-mile, or 42-kilometer, race, to set air quality standards in the future to avoid damaging the runners’ health. The association could not be reached by telephone on Sunday.

有的人還是決定參加比賽。有的人放棄了。但即便是放棄也並非出於組織者——中國田徑協會及北京市體育局的建議，因爲他們沒有取消比賽。這促使參與者呼籲國際田聯（International Association of Athletics Federations，簡稱IAAF），也就是覈准了這項賽程爲26英里（約合42公里）的馬拉松賽事的機構，在未來設定空氣質量標準，以避免選手健康受到損害。週日，記者無法通過電話與IAAF取得聯繫。

“Does the IAAF have guidelines?” asked Chas Pope, a British engineer who took part in the marathon on Sunday. “If they don’t, they should consider it,” said Mr. Pope, who has lived in Beijing for 11 years and runs several long-distance races each year.

週日參與馬拉松比賽的英國工程師查斯·波普(Chas Pope)問道，“IAAF有設定標準嗎？”他說，“如果沒有的話，他們應該考慮一下。”波普在北京生活了11年，每年都會參加幾場長跑比賽。

Skeptical that the air on Sunday would be good after what has been a smoggy autumn, Mr. Pope said he had only entered the half-marathon, which was on offer in addition to other, shorter started out wearing a face mask — a common defense against Beijing’s gray air. Then, at the 10-kilometer mark, he took the mask off to see what it was catching. It was dark with dirt.

由於今年秋天霧霾嚴重，波普對週日的空氣質量表示懷疑，他稱自己只參加了半程馬拉松賽，除了全程比賽外，選手可以選擇距離較短的半程比賽。波普帶着口罩——抵禦北京霧霾的常用品——開始了比賽。在10公里處，他摘下口罩查看，發現口罩已經變黑了。

“It’s meant to be fun and good for your health,” Mr. Pope said of the marathon. But in such air, “it’s just plain ridiculous to be running,” he said. He abandoned the course. “Most of my expat friends pulled out,” he said. “And quite a few of my Chinese friends too, but a lot didn’t. I think they don’t know as much about the health impact.”

波普提到馬拉松時說，“參加比賽本來是爲了樂趣和身體健康。”但他說，在這樣的空氣中跑步，“簡直太荒謬了”。他放棄了比賽。“大多數外國朋友都退出了比賽，”他說。“少數中國朋友也退出了，但有很多人繼續參加比賽。我覺的他們不太瞭解這種空氣對健康的影響。”

Images on Twitter and Chinese social media showed Chinese runners sporting a variety of face protection, from light cloth masks to World War I-style gas masks.

Twitter及中國社交媒體上的圖像顯示，中國的選手們戴着各種面部保護用品，從輕薄的口罩到第一次世界大戰風格的防毒面具。

“Today’s race should definitely have been called off or rescheduled,” said Zhang Kai, Beijing-based campaigner with Greenpeace East Asia.

綠色和平東亞部(Greenpeace East Asia)北京辦公室的工作人員張凱說，“今天的比賽明顯應該取消，重新安排。”

“What happened today to this iconic sports even is just another reminder to the government that much remains to be done to China’s energy and industrial structure” to solve pollution, said Mr. Zhang. “If the battle against pollution is a marathon, it is now time to catch up on speed.”

張凱說，“這場標誌性的體育運動今天遇到的情況，再次提醒中國政府，中國在能源機構及產業結構方面還要做很多工作”才能解決污染問題。“如果對抗污染的鬥爭是一場馬拉松，現在是時候趕上速度了。”

Still, many completed the race without masks, said Chen Mei, a mother of two who finished the 10-kilometer race she entered.

陳梅（音譯）表示，很多人在沒有戴口罩的情況下完成了比賽。陳梅是兩個孩子的母親，她參加並完成了10公里的比賽。

“For me it wasn’t too bad,” Ms. Chen said “I’m not a person who always wears a face mask.”

“對我來說，不是特別糟糕，”陳梅說，“我不是那種整天戴着口罩的人。”

“I love Beijing, the city, and the pollution and the traffic,” she said. “It’s not Beijing’s fault, it’s everyone’s fault and we should all do something about it. Everybody complains about it, but nobody does anything. Nobody rides a bicycle instead of driving a car. And everyone wants more shops, more cars.”

“我愛北京，這座城市，這裏的污染和交通，”她說。“這不是北京的錯，這是大家的錯，我們應該爲此做些事情。大家都在抱怨，沒人做點什麼。沒人放棄開車，騎自行車。大家都想要更多商店，更多汽車。”

Despite air pollution that reached a “severely polluted” score of 444 at a Chinese government air quality monitoring station near the marathon’s starting point on Sunday — an inauspicious number that sounds like the Chinese words for “death death death” — organizers decided not to halt the event on the grounds it would be “too difficult.” The reading represents a compilation of fine particulate matter or PM 2.5; coarser particulate matter, or PM10; and ozone, sulphur, carbon and nitrogen dioxide levels.

週日，儘管中國政府在馬拉松起點附近設立的空氣質量監控站顯示，空氣污染指數已經達到了444——“嚴重污染”的水平，組織者仍決定繼續舉行比賽，因爲取消比賽“難度太大”。444是一個不吉利的數字，中文發音聽起來像“死死死”。這個讀數是對細顆粒物PM2.5、較粗顆粒物PM10，以及臭氧、硫磺、碳和二氧化氮水平的彙編。

At that pollution level the Chinese government advises: “Outdoor Sports Not Suitable, Avoid Outdoor Activities, Open Windows Not Recommended, Masks Necessary and Air Purifier Necessary.” But instead of following this advice, municipal authorities advised runners to “watch weather conditions” and make a decision about running based on their personal health.

中國政府建議，達到這種污染水平時，“不適合室外運動、避免室外活動、不宜開窗，有必要戴口罩，使用空氣淨化器。”但北京市相關機構沒有遵循這些建議，而是建議參賽選手“注意天氣情況”，根據自身健康情況決定是否參賽。

The previous evening, with smog building, the organizers issued a text message alerting runners to the possibility of “light to medium” smog. Runners should drink more water and eat foods that would cause them to spit more, they said.

前一天晚上，隨着霧霾的加重，組織者發送信息，提醒參賽選手可能有“輕至中度霧霾”出現。他們稱，參賽選手應該多喝水，吃一些清熱潤燥利咽的食物。

“I’m sure many people dropped out, but I was surprised how many people finished,” Ms. Chen said.

陳梅說，“我確定有很多人會退出比賽，但最後完成比賽的人數讓我很意外。”

“I saw a lot of young people running and I remembered how when I ran it once before a lot of young people dropped out,” she said. “You know, Chinese people didn’t use to have very strong physiques, but that’s really getting better.”

“我看到很多年輕人在跑，我記得自己之前參加比賽時，很多年輕人都退出了，”她說。“大家都知道，中國人過去體格不是很強壯，但現在真的有所改善。”

In the end, the race was won by two Ethiopians: Girmay Birhanu Gebru won the men’s race in 2 hours, 10 minutes and 42 seconds while Fatuma Sado Dergo won the women’s in 2 hours, 30 minutes and 3 seconds, breaking Chinese women’s dominance of the race for the last 22 years.

最終，兩名埃塞俄比亞人奪冠：吉爾梅·比爾哈努·格布魯(Girmay Birhanu Gebru)以2小時10分42秒獲得男子組冠軍，法圖馬·薩多·傑爾戈(Fatuma Sado Dergo)以2小時30分03秒獲得女子組冠軍，打破了中國女子選手過去22年在比賽中一統天下的局面。

The favored Chinese woman runner, Gong Lihua, told China News Net that the smog didn’t affect her too much but it interfered with many people’s ability to sweat, affecting their performance.

賽前被看好的中國女選手宮麗華告訴中國新聞網，霧霾對她的影響不大，但這種天氣導致很多人排汗不暢，因此影響了他們的成績。

The men’s winner, Mr. Gebru, teold China News Net that he was satisfied with his performance given the adverse conditions.

男子組冠軍格布魯對中國新聞網表示，鑑於天氣狀況糟糕，他對自己的成績很滿意。

“Being able to run with this result under these weather conditions was not easy,” he said, in remarks translated from the Chinese.

他說：“能在這樣的天氣中跑出這樣的成績已經很不容易。”