盤點09加入字典的新詞彙
Merriam-Webster has just released the list of the some 100 new words added to its Collegiate Dictionary, Eleventh Edition.
《韋氏大詞典》剛剛公佈了加入第11版學院詞典的100個新詞彙。
staycation 家中度假
"Our language evolves in many ways," says John Morse, president and publisher of Merriam-Webster. "People enjoy blending existing words, like combining 'stay' and 'vacation' to make staycation. "
韋氏詞典的總裁約翰·莫斯表示，語言總是以多種方式在不斷地發展。人們喜歡將現有的詞混合在一起，創造出新詞。比如將"stay"與"vacation"混合而成了"staycation"這個新詞。
"Staycation is a good example of a word meeting a need and establishing itself in the language very quickly. Our earliest record of use is from 2005, but it seems to have exploded into popular use in 2007."
“‘staycation 家中度假’這個新詞就是一個很好的例子，它根據需求應運而生，並很快在語言中佔有了一席之地。關於該詞的最早使用記錄是在2005年，而它在2007年發展爲被廣泛地使用。”
carbon footprint 碳足跡
Many of the new additions reflect the importance of the environment (carbon footprint, green-collar), government activities (waterboarding), pop culture (flash mob, reggaeton), and online activities (sock puppet, vlog, webisode).
這次添加的不少新詞都反應出了環境的重要性——比如說碳足跡、綠領；還有政府行爲類詞彙——例如水刑；流行文化類詞彙——例如快閃族、雷擊頓；網絡傳播類詞彙——例如馬甲、視頻博客、網絡視頻短片。
waterboarding 水刑
The updated dictionaries define "waterboarding" as "an interrogation technique in which water is forced into a detainee's mouth and nose so as to induce the sensation of drowning" . Other words added to the new dictionary include "Webisode," defined as "an episode especially of a TV show that may or may not have been telecast but can be viewed at a Web site."
新字典對"waterboarding"的解釋是：一種審訊方式，受審者的口鼻被強行灌水，從而產生溺亡的感覺。添加的新詞還包括"Webisode" ，它的意思是：特指從電視節目中節選出來的一段視頻，或未公開過的視頻鏡頭，被上傳到網上供人瀏覽。
Listed below is a sampling of these new words 這面列出了一些收錄的新詞：
Sock puppet: A false identity used for online fraud. 馬甲：出於欺騙目的而使用的網絡假身份。
Flash mob: A group of people gathered through online social networking. 快閃族：指一羣人通過網絡社交活動聚集在一起。
Green-collar: Describes the growing environmental-protection industry. 綠領：指成長中的與環保有關的行業。
