年我國養老保險結餘近4萬億元
China's pension insurance balance of urban employees and urban and rural residents added up to four trillion, according to the Annual Report on Social Security Development 2015.
根據《中國社會保險發展年度報告2015》顯示，全國城鎮職工與城鄉居民養老保險累計結餘近4萬億元。Issued by the Institute of Social Security Research, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the report shows that the return rate of enterprise employees' pension insurance fund reached 3.1 percent, the highest in seven years.
由人社部社會保險事業管理中心近日發佈的這項報告顯示，企業職工養老保險基金的收益率達到3.1%，創6年來新高。The report also shows that despite the rising pension insurance balance since 2012, the payable number of months fell to 17.7 months last year from 19.7 months in 2012.
報告還顯示，2012年以來，企業養老保險累計結餘雖不斷擴大，但可支付月數由2012年的19.7個月下降至2015年的17.7個月。
More provinces are falling in situations where the pension fund cannot cover the expenditures. As one of six provinces with the problem last year, Heilongjiang's enterprises pension can only pay up to one month.
養老保險基金收不抵支的省份正在增多。作爲去年養老保險基金入不敷出的6個省份之一，黑龍江的企業養老保險可支付月數最多僅爲1個月。Yang Yansui, director of the School of Public Policy And Management at Tsinghua University, said the four-trillion-pension balance was mostly in personal accounts, while the pay-as-you-go pension system was greatly challenged by dependency ratio.
清華大學公共管理學院主任楊燕綏表示，這4萬億元養老金結餘很多都在個人賬戶裏面，現收現付的養老保險制度遇到了撫養比的挑戰。"When the actual dependency ratio of pension insurance gets down to three to one, the payment cannot be lower than 17 percent. If it drops to two to one ratio, it means that everyone is going to pay 25 percent. The financial burden gets heavier when the dependency ratio gets lower. The restructuring of pension system must be finalized in two years." Yang said.
楊燕綏主任說道：“養老保險實際撫養比到了3：1的時候，養老保險的費率就不能低於17%，如果降到2：1，每個人就得承擔25%，撫養比越低，個人承擔就越來越重。兩年內必須解決養老金制度的轉型。”To make sure the plan goes through, the central government must reinforce the plan to co-ordinate basic pension, enhance enterprise annuity and manage personal accounts properly, Yang said.
楊燕綏說道，爲確保該計劃順利進行，中央政府必須夯實統籌基礎養老金，做大職業年金，管好個人賬戶。
