阿里雲移動操作系統中國市場叫板安卓大綱
While the technology industry is closely watching Apple Inc.'s patent war against rivals using Google Inc.'s Android mobile operating system, China already has homegrown software that is trying to take on Android in the country's fast-growing smartphone market.
在科技業密切關注蘋果公司(Apple Inc.)與使用谷歌(Google Inc.)安卓(Android)移動操作系統的競爭對手之間的專利戰之際，中國已經有了本土研發的、試圖在中國迅速增長的智能手機市場上與安卓叫板的軟件。
Alibaba Group, China's largest e-commerce company by transactions, is seeing stronger demand from handset makers for its Aliyun mobile operating software it launched last year, Chief Strategy Officer Zeng Ming said in an interview with The Wall Street Journal.
阿里巴巴集團(Alibaba Group)總參謀長曾鳴在接受《華爾街日報》採訪時說，移動設備生產商對去年推出的“阿里雲”移動操作系統的需求增強。按成交額計算，阿里巴巴集團是中國最大的電子商務公司。
The company expects the number of smartphone makers using Linux-based Aliyun to increase to five by the end of this year from two currently: Beijing Tianyu Communication Equipment Co., whose phones are sold under its K-Touch brand, and major home appliances maker Haier Electronics Group Co.
該公司預計，今年年底前，搭載基於Linux的阿里雲的智能手機生產商數量將從目前的兩家增至五家。目前的兩家是：生產天語(K-Touch)手機的北京天宇朗通通信設備股份有限公司(Beijing Tianyu Communication Equipment Co.)和主要家電生產商海爾電器集團有限公司(Haier Electronics Group Co.)。
'We want to be as strong as Android in China,' Mr. Zeng said on the sidelines of a conference. 'We have quite a few [new handset partners] lined up,' he said, declining to provide the names of the handset makers.
曾鳴在一個會議的間歇說，我們希望在中國能和安卓一樣有影響力，有很多新手機合作伙伴將與我們進行合作。他拒絕透露這些手機生產商的名字。
Unlike Apple's iOS or Google's Android, on which apps are installed on the device, Aliyun runs Web-based apps that are stored on remote servers. The system also comes with its own mapping and email applications.
在蘋果的iOS和谷歌的安卓操作系統中，應用程序是安裝在手機上的。與此不同的是，阿里雲運行的是存儲在遠程服務器上的基於網絡的應用程序。此外，阿里雲還有自己的地圖和電子郵件應用。
As Apple's patent litigation against rival handset makers are widely viewed as an attack on Android, its U.S. court victory last month against Samsung Electronics Co. has fueled discussions about possible alternatives to Google's software.
由於蘋果針對競爭對手手機生產商的專利戰被普遍視爲是對安卓發起的一次攻擊，蘋果上個月在美國法院對三星電子(Samsung Electronics Co.)的勝訴引發外界圍繞可能替代安卓的其他軟件展開了討論。
While Microsoft Corp.'s Windows Phone is the most obvious candidate, other lesser-known platforms such as Aliyun are also drawing more attention than ever.
儘管微軟(Microsoft Corp.)的Windows Phone操作系統是最顯而易見的可能替代者，阿里雲等其他不那麼爲人所知的平臺也開始吸引比以往更多的關注。
'If I were a handset maker and if the only option is Android, I would be scared,' Mr. Zeng said. 'Any company would like to have at least two suppliers.'
曾鳴說，假如我是一家手機生產商，而且唯一的選擇只有安卓，我會被嚇壞的；任何公司都希望至少有兩家供應商。
It took Alibaba about three years to develop the Aliyun operating system, which the company unveiled in July 2011. The project involved more than 1,600 engineers, the company said.
阿里巴巴集團用了約三年的時間開發出阿里雲操作系統，該系統於2011年7月發佈。該公司說，有1,600多名工程師參與了這個項目。
With one billion mobile phone users, the Chinese market has room for a broad range of handset vendors, from high-end players like Apple, to those selling inexpensive smartphones that cost less than $200-a category that has seen explosive growth in the past year. Given the market's diversity, Alibaba sees room for more mobile operating systems beyond Android and Microsoft's Windows Phone.
中國市場有10億手機用戶，在這裏各類手機廠商都有生存發展的空間，從蘋果等高端品牌廠商，到銷售不到200美元低價智能手機的公司。低價手機市場過去一年出現了爆炸性增長。鑑於市場的多樣性，阿里巴巴集團認爲，除安卓和微軟Windows Phone移動操作系統外，市場還有其他操作系統的生存空間。China is also set to overtake the U.S. this year as the world's largest smartphone market. According to market-research firm IDC, China will account for 26.5% of global smartphone shipments in 2012, compared with 17.8% for the U.S.
中國今年將超過美國，成爲世界上最大的智能手機市場。據市場研究公司國際數據公司(IDC)的數據，2012年中國將佔全球智能手機發貨量的26.5%，美國則佔17.8%。
Mr. Zeng said Android faces challenges in China because Google's search, Google Maps and Gmail functions are unavailable or limited in the country.
曾鳴說，安卓在中國面臨挑戰，因爲谷歌搜索、谷歌地圖和Gmail功能在中國不是無法使用就是受到限制。
In 2010, Google rerouted its search engine from mainland China to Hong Kong due to censorship concerns. While Android is still available in China, Google has steadily lost market share in search and other online services to Chinese rivals.
010年，由於對審查制度的擔心，谷歌將搜索引擎服務器從中國內地請遷至香港。雖然在中國安卓系統能夠正常使用，但在搜索以及其它在線服務上，谷歌的市場份額正在逐漸被其競爭對手蠶食。
'Android is not able to provide good user experience in the Chinese market…. but we can,' Mr. Zeng said.
曾鳴說，安卓無法在中國市場提供良好的用戶體驗，但我們可以。
Still, some handset makers say it won't be easy for any mobile operating system, even for Windows Phone, to replace Android, which has already built a strong ecosystem with handset makers and app developers around the world.
不過一些手機制造商說，任何一款手機操作系統（甚至包括Windows Phone系統在內）想要取代安卓都不容易。安卓已經同全球手機廠商和應用程序開發人員構築了一個強大的生態系統。
According to IDC, 68.1% of smartphones shipped world-wide in the second quarter used Android, while 16.9% were Apple products running on iOS. Windows Phone accounted for only 3.5%.
IDC的數據顯示，今年全球二季度出貨的智能手機中，68.1%搭載的是安卓系統，16.9%是蘋果iOS系統，Windows Phone系統佔據的市場份額僅爲3.5%。
Luo Zhongsheng, the head of the handset business at ZTE Corp., the fifth-largest smartphone vendor in China in the second quarter, said in a recent interview that he expects Android to remain dominant because it would take a long time for new app ecosystems to develop around other software platforms. 'Nobody can challenge Android for the time being,' Mr. Luo said.
中興通訊股份有限公司(ZTE Corp.)手機事業部負責人羅忠生在最近一次採訪中表示，預計安卓仍將佔據主導地位，因爲圍繞其它軟件平臺研發一個新的應用程序生態系統需要很長時間。他說，目前無人能夠挑戰安卓。今年二季度中興通訊是全國第五大智能手機廠商。
Alibaba's Mr. Zeng acknowledged that it will take time for Aliyun to become a major smartphone operating system. But the company remains hopeful and continues to bet on the business. Recently, Alibaba announced its first major update to Aliyun, including an upgraded search-engine function and more efficient management of data traffic.
曾鳴承認，阿里雲想要成爲一款主流智能手機操作系統還需要一點時間。但該公司仍然對此寄予希望並繼續押注這項業務。近日，阿里巴巴宣佈阿里雲的首次重大升級，其中包括升級搜索引擎並提高數據流量管理的效率。
The advantages for Aliyun include, for example, the integration of the online payment services provided by Alipay, an Alibaba affiliate, into the operating system to make mobile transactions easier and more secure, Mr. Zeng said.
曾鳴說，阿里雲的優勢包括融合了阿里巴巴子公司支付寶提供的在線支付服務，這可令移動交易更便捷、更安全。
For Alibaba, which operates popular shopping websites Taobao and Tmall, part of the incentive for developing its own mobile operating system came from the expected migration of online shopping and other Internet activities from personal computers to mobile gadgets, Mr. Zeng said, adding that Aliyun could help generate more mobile transactions for shopping sites.
曾鳴說，對阿里巴巴而言，促使其開發自有操作系統的部分原因是網購以及其它互聯網活動預計將從個人計算機向移動設備遷移的趨勢。他還說阿里雲會給購物網站帶來更多移動交易。阿里巴巴目前運營着人氣頗高的購物網站淘寶和天貓。
'E-commerce is one of few bright spots in China's economy now,' said Mr. Zeng, who expects Taobao and Tmall to host one trillion yuan ($157.6 billion) in transactions this year-more than double the 400 billion yuan posted in 2010.
曾鳴說，電子商務是眼下中國經濟爲數不多的亮點之一。他預計淘寶和天貓今年的交易規模能達到人民幣1萬億元（約合1,576億美元），是2010年4,000億元交易規模的兩倍多。
Mr. Zeng said the e-commerce sector isn't seeing the slowdown many other sectors in China are experiencing. Demand for online shopping continues to grow fast, and the market is becoming more competitive as many companies are focusing increasingly on e-commerce to seek new growth opportunities, he said.
曾鳴說，電子商務領域沒有出現中國其它很多行業正在經歷的增長放緩的局面。他說，網絡購物需求仍在繼續快速增長，隨着很多企業越來越重視電子商務以尋求新的增長機會，這個市場的競爭也越來越激烈。
Online retail sales in China are projected to triple to more than $360 billion by 2015, and the country is also expected to overtake the U.S. as the world's largest market around that time, according to a report by the Boston Consulting Group. China already has 193 million online shoppers, more than 170 million in the U.S., the report said.
波士頓諮詢公司(Boston Consulting Group)的一份報告顯示，到2015年中國網絡零售規模預計將增加兩倍，超過3,600億美元。屆時中國預計也將超過美國成爲全球最大的市場。這份報告說，中國目前已有1.93億網購者，這一數字大於美國的1.7億人。
