面試時招聘官到底在想啥？

Whether you’ve interviewed over one million times or can count on one hand how many times you’ve been face-to-face with a hiring manager, the process is always stressful. Not only are you trying your hardest to present the very best version of yourself, you’re also attempting to read your audience and gather as much information as you can about the role, the company culture, and the organization itself. No pressure.
無論你是面試已超一百萬次，還是與招聘經理面對面的經歷寥寥可數，面試過程總是充滿壓力。你不僅要全力展現最好的自己，還得試着揣測“觀衆”的心思，並且儘可能地收集應聘職位、公司文化和機構本身的信息。別有壓力。

Ask any manager what it’s like to make a hiring decision and she’ll most likely tell you that it’s no easy task for her, either. Making the right choice can be difficult–especially when she’s choosing from a group of well-qualified applicants. So how can you tip the scales in your favor? In addition to coming to each and every interview well-prepared, try putting yourself in the shoes of the person sitting across from you.
詢問任何可能決定招聘結果的經理，她很可能會告訴你：這事兒對她也不簡單。做出正確選擇可能很難——尤其是從一羣高素質應聘者中挑選。那麼，怎樣使得形勢對你有利呢？除了每次面試都精心準備外，你還要試着從招聘方的角度思考問題。

We can get pretty close by addressing the five common thoughts almost every hiring manager probably has during your interview.
我們可以通過研究面試時幾乎每個招聘經理都會考慮的五個問題來了解他們的心理。

1. Can I Manage This Person?
1. 這人我能共事嗎？

A supervisor isn’t going to hire someone that he doesn’t believe he can work with. Managers come in all shapes and sizes–some are hands-off and expect their employees to do what they need to do with little or no supervision. Others like to receive daily updates, religiously review timecards, and schedule regular check-in meetings with their staff. If you like to get regular feedback and crave facetime with your supervisor, a laid-back person may not be the best fit for you. Conversely, if you’re an independent operator who relishes autonomy, a hands-on supervisor probably isn’t a great match for your work style.
管理者不會招聘他認爲無法共事的人。經理們各自的行事風格多種多樣——有些是自由放任型，希望下屬做好本職工作而幾乎不去監督。另外一些喜歡收到每日彙報，認真查看考勤表，安排和員工的例會。如果你喜歡得到經常性反饋，渴望和上級會面，一個懶散的管理者大概不是你的最佳選擇。反之，如果你是個熱愛自主權的獨立工作者，一個事必躬親的上級很可能不是你工作風格的“良配”。

So when your potential future boss begins thinking about your match as manager and employee during your interview, what can you do? To start, you can show that you are a great listener by making eye contact, taking notes, asking questions, and giving thoughtful answers. Mention that you pride yourself on taking accountability for your workplace contributions, appreciate constructive feedback, and are excited about continuing to grow your skill set. Demonstrating a willingness to own your work, listen, and learn will definitely score a few points in your favor.
當你潛在的未來老闆在面試時開始考慮你倆作爲管理者和下屬是否合得來時，你該怎麼做呢？首先，可以通過眼神交流、做筆記、問問題和給出貼切回答來表現你是個很好的傾聽者。你可以說自己以能爲公司做出貢獻而驕傲，你欣賞建設性的反饋，並對持續增長技能一事感到興奮。展現樂於工作、傾聽和學習的態度，絕對會爲你加分。

At some point during the meeting, you should also get an opportunity to pose a few questions. Try asking your potential supervisor how she would describe her management style. If her answer is in line with your preferences, say, “That sounds great! I find that I work really well with managers who are hands on and provide lots of detailed feedback,” or “That is very much in line with my work style. Having a certain degree of autonomy to get my work done helps me to maximize my productivity.”
面試中的某個時候，你也有機會提問。試着問問你的潛在上級，她如何描述自己的管理風格。如果她的回答符合你的喜好，可以迴應：“聽起來好極了！我覺得自己和參與型的管理者共事非常愉快，他們會提供詳盡的反饋”，或者“這和我的工作風格太相符啦。有適度的工作自主權能讓我的效率達到最高”。

If you discover that your future boss’ leadership style isn’t one that works for you, it may be time to evaluate whether or not this is the job for you.
如果你發現未來老闆的領導風格跟你不搭，或許該考慮下這份工作是否適合你了。

2. Does This Person Truly Understand This Role?
2.這人真正瞭解這份工作嗎？

Interviewers want to be sure that you not only know what you’d be getting yourself into, but that you’ve done your homework. Be sure that you’ve thoroughly reviewed the job description before your interview, and make an effort to relate your existing experience back to the responsibilities you would have in the role you’re being considered for.
面試官想要確認你不僅明白自己將從事什麼工作，並且你已經爲此做好功課了。確保你在面試前已徹底閱讀職位說明，並努力將自己的現有經驗同應聘崗位所需承擔的責任聯繫起來。

Most hiring managers typically start off with a couple of simple questions like,“Can you tell me about yourself?” and “Why are you interested in this position?” These are perfect opportunities to demonstrate your understanding of the role. Say something that indicates you get what the job entails and why your background is a solid match, “I have four years of production management experience and specialize in vendor relations. I know vendor management would be an important component of this role, which is why I am particularly excited about this opportunity,” or “I am passionate about social media and am specifically targeting opportunities that will allow me to grow my expertise in this area. I know one of my primary responsibilities in this role would be writing and scheduling tweets for the company’s Twitter account, and I have some great ideas for how I can help you to grow your followers.”
大多數招聘經理通常以這些簡單問題作爲開場——“能介紹下你自己麼？”或“你爲什麼對這個職位感興趣？”這些都是展示你對職位理解程度的絕好機會。你的回答要能表明你瞭解崗位所需承擔的責任，以及你的背景與之相配的原因——“我有四年生產管理的經驗且專長是廠商關係。我知道廠商管理是這個崗位的重要責任，因此我對這次的應聘機會感到尤其興奮。”或者“我對社交媒體充滿熱情，一直以能使我增長該領域專業知識的工作機會爲目標。我瞭解到這一職位的主要責任就是公司推特賬號的推文寫作和安排，我有一些特別棒的點子能幫你們漲粉。”

Another great way to show that you understand what you’re interviewing for is to ask questions about the role once you’ve demonstrated that you’ve done more than just read the job description. Saying, “What kind of traffic goals do you have for Twitter, and what resources do you think will help you reach that goal?”
一旦證明你所做的功課不止於讀讀崗位描述後，另一個顯示你對面試職位瞭解程度的好方法是問些崗位相關的問題。比如，“你們有怎樣的推特流量目標呢？您覺得哪些資源能幫助達成這個目標？”

Whenever you can go beyond the job listing to show an impressive grasp of the role’s responsibilities, you should do so. It’s a waste of both your and the recruiter’s time to only rehash what’s involved in the position.
不論何時，當你能展示職責清單以外對崗位責任的深刻理解時，你就該展示出來。只是重複談論崗位職責是在浪費你和招聘官的時間。

3. Is This Person Actually Excited About Working Here?
3. 這人真爲在這兒工作感到激動嗎？

Similar to having an in-depth understanding of the potential opportunity, it’s important to show that you are genuinely excited about the organization as a whole. Of course, not every interview is going to be with your dream company, but try your best to find something that is interesting to you.
和深入理解潛在崗位類似，顯示你真的爲公司感到激動也很重要。當然，不是每次面試的都是理想的公司，但至少盡力找到你的興趣點。

Was the company recently named one of the best places to work in your area? Is the department you’d be working in creating innovative new products? Was the CEO recently mentioned in a well-respected publication? Spend some time researching and reading any recent, relevant articles that you can reference during the interview.
這家公司最近被評爲你所在領域內的最佳工作地之一了嗎？你要工作的這個部門正在研發創新產品嗎？這家的首席執行官最近出現在權威出版物裏了嗎？花些時間搜尋並閱讀你可以在面試中提到的近期相關文章。

Along with wondering if you’re truly excited about the opportunity, an interviewer will want to gauge whether you’re a good fit. During the meeting, take the opportunity to ask about the team, their work style, and the company culture. Not only will this show that you are genuinely engrossed in learning about the organization as a whole and not just focused on the position you’re applying for, but it will demonstrate that you, too, care about being the right person for the job.
除了好奇你是否真爲這次機會而興奮，面試官還想衡量你是否合適。面試中，找個機會問問團隊相關的問題，他們的工作方式和公司文化。這不僅顯示你真的注重瞭解公司整體而不僅僅是你申請的崗位，還證明了你也在意自己是否是這份工作的合適人選。

4. Will This Person Make Me Look Good?
4. 這人會讓我面上有光嗎？

To a certain degree, an employee’s performance is a reflection on her supervisor. Your potential future boss wants to be sure that if she takes a day off or can’t make it to a meeting, you’ll still be on top of your game. If you do superb work and present yourself well, she looks good too. If you’re goofing off while the boss is on vacation or don’t proofread that super important email, the person she reports to probably won’t be too happy with either of you.
某種程度上，下屬的表現也是上級工作的反映。你潛在的未來老闆希望確認，即使她休了一天假或沒能趕上一次會議，你還能表現出色。如果你工作完美，表現上佳，他也會面上有光。如果你在上級休假或沒有核查一封極其重要的郵件時未能盡職，恐怕她的上級對你倆的印象都會大打折扣。

What is the best way to assure your future manager that you are totally trustworthy? Find out what she values in a team member. Try asking, “What traits are most important to you in an employee?” or “What are your expectations of the person who steps into this role?” If her answers line up with your work style, be sure to tell her that. For example, if your interviewer says she values clear communication above all else, say, “I couldn’t agree more. I am always striving to keep my team and my manager looped in on my progress, workload, and availability. I’ve found that maintaining open lines of communication goes a long way toward optimizing productivity and teamwork.”
向未來領導保證自己絕對靠譜的最好方式是什麼？找到她在團隊成員身上最看重的東西。試着詢問：“您認爲員工最重要的品質是什麼？”或者“您對這個崗位的員工有怎樣的期待？”如果她的回答符合你的工作風格，一定要告訴她。比如，要是面試官說她最爲重視清晰的溝通，你可以說：“我完全同意。我一直努力讓團隊和上級清楚我的進度、工作量和時間安排。我發現保持開放的交流大大有助於提高工作效率，優化團隊合作。”

At the end of your interview, when your future supervisor asks if you have anything to add, try leading with, “I really appreciate all of the information you’ve shared with me about what it’s like to work here and your expectations for this role. I think that my experience and work style would be a great fit for this team. I want you to know that as an employee, you can expect me to be proactive, responsive, and deadline-oriented.”
面試的最後，當你未來的上級問你還有什麼要補充時，試着以這些爲回答重點——“非常感謝您和我分享的工作體驗和您對這個職位的期待。我想我的經驗和工作風格會很適合你們的團隊。我希望您瞭解，我會是一個積極主動、響應迅速、在規定期限前完成任務的員工。”

This type of response shows that you’ve been paying attention and is a good indication of your professional demeanor.
這類回答表示你一直在認真傾聽，同時很好地展現了你的職業風範。

5. When’s Lunch?
5. 飯點到了沒？

Interviewing can be grueling for the people on the other side of the desk, too—especially if the hiring manager is meeting with multiple candidates back-to-back. This doesn’t happen during every interview, but sometimes an interviewer’s mind will wander. He might be hungry, he might be tired, or he might be distracted by a looming deadline, but regardless of the reason for the distraction, it does happen.
坐你對面的人也會覺得面試極其累人——尤其當招聘經理接連面試多個候選人時。這種情況不會出現在每場面試中，但有時，招聘官也會走神。他也許餓了或是疲倦了，又或者因一個迫近的截止期限而分神。無論是怎樣的原因，走神的確時有發生。

Obviously you can’t control the external factors that may be affecting your interviewer’s state of mind, but you can work on becoming the most interesting and engaging interviewee you can be. Recruit a friend to help you practice some commonly asked interview questions and ask for feedback on your body language, eye contact, tone of voice, and the content of your answers. Are you looking down when you talk or speaking in a dull, monotone voice? If you don’t seem interested in your own answers, you can’t expect anyone else to be either.
顯然，你不能控制影響面試官思想狀態的外在因素，但你可以儘可能地成爲最有趣、最有魅力的面試者。找一個朋友幫你練習一些面試中最有可能問到的問題，得到他對你肢體語言、眼神交流、聲調和回答內容的反饋。你說話時眼睛是向下看的嗎？或者你講話的聲音無聊又單調？如果你自己都對自己的回答不感興趣，也不用指望別人感興趣了。

Another key trick to remember? Keep your answers short and sweet. A lot of people tend to ramble when they’re nervous and that can make this meeting feel like it’s dragging on and on. Try crafting exceptional responses using this simple formula: answer + example + result. For example, in response to, “How do you manage your time?” say, “I manage my time by prioritizing my responsibilities. For example, if I’m working on two projects simultaneously, I will always tackle the one that is more complex or due sooner first. This has helped me to be very effective in my past roles. In fact, I regularly get compliments on my ability to juggle a large workload without missing deadlines.”
另一個要謹記的妙招？回答始終簡潔明瞭。許多人緊張時往往變得絮叨，這會有拖延面試的感覺。試着遵循這一簡單公式組織獨特的回答：答案+例子+結果。比如回答“你怎樣安排時間？”，可以說：“我通過任務的優先排序來安排時間。舉個例子，假如我同時負責兩個項目，我總會先處理更復雜或者截止期限更近的那個。這一方法幫助我在過去的職位上高效地工作。實際上，我經常因爲處理大量工作卻從不超過截止日期受到讚揚。”

Keep in mind that the goal here isn’t to simply tell your interviewer what you think she wants to hear. The goal is to proactively address questions she’s probably asking herself during your meeting. The purpose of an interview isn’t to land a job, it’s for you and your potential future employer to assess whether or not you’re a fit for each other. Coming well-prepared and playing an active role in your interview will serve this purpose while making you look like an all-star in the process.
記住，簡潔明瞭的目標並不是簡單告訴面試官你認爲她想聽到的回答，而是主動回答在面試你時他可能會問他自己的問題。面試的目的不是謀得一份工作，而是讓你和你的潛在僱主評估彼此是否合適。充分做好準備並在面試中表現積極將有助於達成這一目的，同時也會讓你在整個過程中光芒閃耀。