考研英語作文預測(二)
2011年研究生入學考試愈發臨近了，衝刺階段考研英語作文是很重要的部分。這裏爲大家提供考研英語作文預測系列，爲考研的考生們備考使用。恆星英語學習網預祝大家2011考研順利！
精神空虛 the void spirit
A lot of people who commit suicide are result from their void spirit. There is a spiritual void in China. Establish and implement the scientific view of development and push forward the coordinated development between socialist material civilization, political civilization and spiritual civilization.
傳統美德 traditional virtue
For decades, we have made more criticism than inheritance of our own traditional culture and more negative than confirmative. We should certainly learn from the West, but it is of equal importance that we retain virtues of our own. The Confucian Tradition (The Three Essential Confucian Values: I. Filial Piety II. Humaneness III. Respect for Ritual)
鋪張浪費 extravagance and waste / 勤儉節約 industry and economy
The Chinese government, therefore, is promoting the concept of a thrifty society and frugal economy as a matter of urgency. Chinese laws and regulations concerning energy conservation currently in operation leave a lot to be desired.
傳統倫理 The traditional ethical requirements
The traditional ethical requirements same with the basic principles:
1. WHAT YOU DO NOT WISH DONE TO YOURSELF, DO NOT DO TO OTHERS.
1) In its negative form:
"Do not impose on others what you yourself do not desire".
"Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you."(己所不欲，勿施於人).
2) Although it is argued to be too much pushing one's own way to others, the positive form of the requirement is found in many classics:
"Do to others what you wish others do to you" (欲人施諸己，亦施於人).
"A benevolent man helps others to take their stand in that he himself wishes to take his stand, and gets others there in that he himself wishes to get there" (己欲立而立人，己欲達而達人).
2. EVERY HUMAN BEING SHOULD BE TREATED HUMANLY.
"To do humanly is to be human" (仁者人也)
"'Benevolence' means loving your fellow men" (仁者愛人)
Chinese tradition even advocates both the respect for human life and even the respect for all kinds of life, which seems to be very close to the idea of "Green Peace" and ecological criticism. These thoughts do not only seek for human peace but also for the harmony between human and nature and other creatures. And therefore, "the virtue of respecting for life" (生生之德) and "friend others and affiliate with all creatures"(民胞物與) is always taken as the great virtue in Confucian teachings and philosophy.【相關素材】
There are many other traditional Chinese ideas related:
1. In regard with the human relationship, "Harmony in diversity" or "harmony with diversity" (和而不同) is typically emphasized in Confucianism. Compared with "Baha'i", a new religious community who takes "Unity with diversity" as the main doctrine, the Confucian spirit of the harmonious co-existence of different cultures might be more relevant for the foundation of human existence and development.
2. Confucius believes "honesty-sincerity is the Dao of Heaven" (誠者，天之道也) which is out of the control of human beings, and "to be honest and sincere is the Dao of human beings" which is the only thing we could do (誠之者，人之道也). In this case, a gentleman (君子)should "cultivate himself to be honest and sincere" in accordance with the Dao of Heaven, which is something upper or a more or less religious standard of honesty and sincerity. This might be clearer in the interpretation of Dao. In Chinese, I think either道 (way) or 德 (virtue) means "to walk your talk" originally, because both走 and 彳are symbols of walking carefully with small steps. In this case, "way" is formed in the walking and in virtue of moral practice "virtue" appears. Just as David Tracy noticed, the famous saying of Socrates "The unexamined life is not worth living" is in sharp contrast with a saying in a Buddhist scripture, "The un-lived life is not worth examining."
3. So Dao is not only metaphysical but also physical; "honesty-sincerity" is above us and what we could do is nothing but learning to be honest and sincere; Dao could be justified in faith, as well as in behavior. I am not sure if it is "religion", but it is of course something like "Acts of Religion" (in terms of Derrida) or "Acts of Faith" (in terms of Rodney Stark). You may know that the sacred "Word" or "Wisdom" in the Gospel of John and other biblical scriptures is translated into "Dao" in this sense.
4. For the same reason, traditional Chinese ethics ask for our "Consideration for others" (恕) and a spirit of tolerance: "great virtues have a huge capacity to contain things" (厚德載物), and "to tolerate is a sign of greatness" (有容乃大).
5. And probably related to the consideration for others, traditional Chinese ethics place a great emphasis on family, viewing family as the foundation of society. Among the "five cardinal relationships" (emperor and his officials, fathers and kids, husbands and their wives, brothers and sisters, and friends), three of them are concerned with family relationship. It is even believed that "The relation between the officials and the emperor may find origin or archetype in the relation between husbands and wives, which even extends to the relation of heaven and the earth." (君子之道，造端乎夫婦。及其至也，察乎天地).
6. And so, in Chinese traditional philosophy, "humanity is Benevolence" (博愛之謂仁), "filial piety" is the origin of human morality and sentiment (立愛自親始). And, it is encouraged that "love your family so as to love others and all creatures" (親親而仁民，仁民而愛物), "cultivate moral character, and then you could cultivate your family, administrate the country, and bring peace all over the world" (修身、齊家、治國、平天下). When it is promoted to the realm that "honor the aged of other people as we honor our own, take care of the young of other people as we take care of our own" (老吾老以及人之老，幼吾幼以及人之幼), we may naturally relate the traditional Chinese teachings with the famous prayer by St. Francis in the Medieval Europe: to be understood as to understand, to be loved as to love; it is in giving that we receive, it is in pardoning that we are pardoned, it is in dying that we are born to eternal life.【相關範文】
1. Give your comments/Give your point of view 評論
We must first understand the nature of the problem./in my view/in my opinion, On the one hand, It is true that many of China's current/present/existent/contemporary problems are the inevitable side effects of rapid economic development, which, of necessity, had to occur in an unbalanced way. On the other hand, without the economic development in/about the great number of developing countries or third world countries, like china, there will be no real development, prosperity and stability for the whole country.
Notwithstanding/nonetheless/nevertheless/however/after all, in the long run, Economic development had to come first, but now a more complex agenda of social and political requirements must be integrated and optimized with pure economic growth. So we must promote the coordinated development of material civilization, political civilization and spiritual civilization to build China into a socialist country that is prosperous, powerful, democratic and culturally advanced.
我們必須先要理解這個問題的本質。以我來看，一方面，目前中國存在的許多問題 都是由於別無選擇的不平衡的經濟快速發展造成的避免不了的負面影響。另一方面，對於大多數像中國這樣的發展中國家或第三世界國家來講，沒有了經濟的發展，將不存在整個國家的真正的發展、繁榮和穩定。不過，從長遠來看，儘管，我們不得不先發展經濟，但是如今過多的社會和政治需要必須同純粹的經濟增長結合起來使其最優化。因此，我們必須推動物質文明、政治文明和精神文明協調發展，把我國建設成爲富強、民主、文明的社會主義國家。
2. Suggestion 建議
I have some/several suggestions about this problem. First and foremost/firstly/primarily/mainly/largely /mostly, China should learn from many developed countries/some western countries to dispose of/deal with/handle/solve/settle/iron out this social problem, including other social problems moral and non-moral, by means of/by/ state legislation, social policy and other relative regulations, especially/particularly because/since China has joined/become a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001 and taken place/held the 29th Olympic Games in 2008 as well as. Secondly, our government should clearly/definitely stipulate/establish the responsibilities and obligations of the relative/specific departments for the fulfillment/performance/implementation/execution. Thirdly, in the long run/from a long-term point of view, we should set up/found/constitute/institute a special education system/organization to promote and strengthen/encourage citizens' awareness of environmental protection, and hence improve their values/ideas/notions of consumption and morality. In addition, I recommend that children should start some education of Chinese traditional virtue as early as possible, such as thrift, honesty, affection, filial piety, courtesy, loyalty, humaneness and so on.
關於這個問題，我有一些建議。首要地，中國應該向衆多發達國家學習，通過國家立法、社會政策和其他相關的規章制度來解決這個社會問題，也包括其他的道德的和非道德的社會問題，特別是因爲中國已經在2001年加入了WTO，並且中國將在2008年舉辦第29界奧運會。其次，更重要的是我們的政府應該清晰地規定相關部門應履行的責任和義務。第三，從長遠來看，我們應該設立一個專門的機構去宣傳和加強公民對環境保護的意識，從而改變他們的觀念。另外，我建議應該儘早地開始對孩子們進行中國傳統美德的教育，諸如節儉、誠實、親情、孝順、謙恭有禮、忠誠、仁愛等等。
3. Predicting 預測 + conclusion 結束語
In summary, to maintain a sustained, healthy, rapid and coordinated economic development, achieve socialist modernization and a society where man and nature live as friends, and build a harmonious and dynamic society with democracy, rule of law, justice, honesty and decency, stability and order, we will encounter no fewer difficulties and problems, but we are confident in our ability to overcome them and arrive at our set goal triumphantly.
總的來講，爲了維持一個可持續的、健康的、快速的和協調的經濟發展，爲了達到社會主義現代化和人和自然像朋友一樣共生的社會，並且爲了建造一個和諧的、有活力的、民主的、法治的、公正的、誠實莊重的、穩固有序的社會，我們肯定會遇到很多困難和問題。但是，我相信我們有能力克服它們，最終會勝利地達到我們的目標。
In summary, China still has a long way to go in this problem and accordingly, great efforts are essential to make in order to solve it. But I am deeply convinced that she, a nation which has civilization for 5,000 years, never loses any good things, physical, intellectual, or moral, till she finds a better substitute, and then the loss is a gain. (Predicting預測+conclusion結束語)
中國在這個問題上仍然有一段長路要走，因此爲了解決它，我們必須要做出巨大的努力。但是，我深信她，一個擁有5000年文明的民族，決不會丟掉任何好的東西，物質的、精神的或道德的，直到她找到一個更好的替代，那麼到那時侯這種丟失就是一種獲得。
