美語訓練班第70課:準備工作面試 精挑細選
A: 歡迎大家來到這期的美語訓練班! 我是楊琳!
B: 我是Mike! 楊琳，來告訴大家今天都要學什麼?
A: 沒問題! 今天，我們要帶你去看看在美國看病有什麼不同，聊聊怎麼爲工作面試做準備，還要告訴你怎麼說精挑細選!
B: Yep. You were complaining about going to hospitals in China, but actually I think here is way worse. It's significantly more expensive, especially if you don't have insurance.
A: 可不是嘛! 有一回等我約到醫生，病都好了! 不過這個咱們等會再討論，現在我們先來進入第一個單元，Learn a Word!
Learn A Word - 1570 outsell
今天我們要學的詞是 outsell. outsell is spelled o-u-t-s-e-l-l; outsell. Outsell 銷量超過。“格雷的50道陰影”這套書熱賣。The Fifty Shades of Grey trilogy is outselling the seven Harry Potter books to become the best selling book series on .“格雷的50道陰影”三部曲銷量超過哈里.波特的七本書，成爲英國亞馬遜網站上銷量最好的系列書籍。Outsell 的過去時是 outsold. 電子書ebook的銷量繼續呈上升趨勢。Publishers are reporting that in 2011, e-book versions of novels aimed at adults outsold hard covers for the first time. 出版商說，2011年，成年人小說類書籍的電子版銷量首次超過精裝本銷量。好的，今天我們學習的詞是 outsell, outsell, outsell....
A: 說起outsell，最該提的就是iphone5了! iPhone 5 outsold all other smart phones! 我也特想要一部呢!
B: Yeah, Apple said it got 2 million pre-orders for the iPhone 5 in just 24 hours. That nearly doubles the sales record of the previous version!
A: 正好，你不是前兩天在健身房馬大哈把手機摔了嗎? 你也去換個新的嘛!
B: Well as you know, I like to be unique. I don't want to use the same phone as everybody else. So I've been trying to ferret out which smart phone I should get by reading all the comments on tech web sites.
A: Oh you're so smart! 你剛纔提到了一個很好的詞兒 ferret out, 咱們來聽聽這個習慣用語的用法吧!
Words and Idioms-983
現在播送美國習慣用語第 983講。我是楊琳。
M：我是Steve Baragona.
最近我想去剪個新發型。雖然髮廊很多，但是因爲剛來到這個新城市，對哪家髮廊好一點都沒有概念。幸好有互聯網，只要到特定的網站去搜索一下，哪些髮型師的評價好就一目瞭然了。在美語裏，我們可以用一個習慣用語來形容這種情形:
M: Ferret out. Ferret is spelled f-e-r-r-e-t. Ferret-out.
Ferret 作爲動詞，意思是搜尋，尋找。Ferret out 作爲一個詞組，是通過全面查找而搜尋出來的意思。在上面的例子裏，通過網上的顧客評論: I can FERRET OUT the poor service providers from the good ones. 我能很容易找到好的和差的服務。在下面的例子裏，一名男子堅持要參加訓練最嚴酷的特種部隊，我們來聽聽他爸爸是怎麼說的：
M: "I support my son wanting to enlist in the military. But he's determined to join one of the toughest units in the world. Their basic training involves physical, mental and emotional challenges that nearly impossible to endure. They FERRET OUT the weaker candidates within days."
這段話是說：[我支持兒子想去參軍的打算。但是他堅決要參加世界上訓練最嚴酷的軍種之一。他們的基本訓練包括對體能，精神和情緒的極限挑戰。他們在幾天內就能把不夠強壯的候選人淘汰掉。]
這人說的一定是那些在泥裏爬，冰水裏游泳，然後每天只睡四個小時的特種部隊。我真不明白人類怎麼能忍受這些。我記得，原來我去參加一個鋼琴比賽的選拔，The judges quickly FERRETED OUT everyone but the most exceptional talents. 評委們很快就挑選出了最傑出的人才。好了，讓我們再來聽聽剛纔那段話:
M: "I support my son wanting to enlist in the military. But he's determined to join one of the toughest units in the world. Their basic training involves physical, mental and emotional challenges that nearly impossible to endure. They FERRET OUT the weaker candidates within days."
在工作中，大家都討厭那種幹活拖拉，或者光拿錢不幹事的人。在下面例子裏，一間工廠就發生了這種事。讓我們來聽聽他們的發言人是怎麼說的：
M: "It was announced that some workers got paid overtime that they hadn't worked. The accounting department is reviewing all recent records. They're FERRENTING OUT any fraud. The employees responsible can expect to be punished."
[這段話是說：據稱有些工人沒加班就擅自領取加班費。現在會計部門正在審覈所有紀錄。他們將撤查任何舞弊行爲。那些應當對此負責的人將受到懲罰。]
幹了缺德事，總是會被發現的。我記得原來大學在一間旅遊公司實習，人們發現一些導遊強行多收了遊客的錢。It didn't take long for the boss to FERRET OUT abuses and fire those employees. 老闆沒過多久就發現了這種行爲，炒了那些導遊的魷魚。好的，讓我們再來聽聽剛纔那段話:
M: "It was announced that some workers got paid overtime that they hadn't worked. The accounting department is reviewing all recent records. They're FERRENTING OUT any fraud. The employees responsible can expect to be punished."
今天我們學習的習慣用語是ferret out, 意思是“搜尋出來，查找出來”。好的，這次[美國習慣用語]就到此結束，我是楊琳，我是Dan Markus。謝謝各位的收聽。
B: Speaking of ferret out, one of the reasons medical care is so costly in America is because medical school is so hard and expensive. It's extremely hard to get in, and they are constantly trying to ferret out the weaker candidates during the four years of study.
A: 這樣才能保證最後出來的醫生都是最優秀的呀! 不過我覺得美國呢，尖端醫學確實特別發達，可是普通人要去看病可太貴啦!
B: For sure. The worst part is that even with insurance sometimes the cost of medical care can be in the thousands.
A: 就是! 記得嗎，上回Helen也不想看醫生，可病一點沒好，所以這回不得不去了。咱們跟着她去看看美國醫生有什麼高招!
B: Let's listen!
Health: Intermediate
大家好！今天我們爲您播出“美語三級跳”節目“醫藥”單元的中級課程。
Helen因爲頭疼和胃疼到藥店買了一些藥，可是不管用。所以她今天約了醫生看病.
Professor: That's right, Winnie. In this first part, Helen is describing her symptoms to the doctor. Let's listen.
Helen: I hope you can help me doctor. I really haven't been feeling well the past few days.
Doctor: I see. Can you describe your symptoms for me?
Helen: I've had a persistent pain in my stomach, and I've been getting really bad headaches too.
Doctor: Can you describe the stomach pain? Is it a dull pain or a sharp pain?
Helen: It's mostly a dull pain. No matter what I do, nothing seems to make it go away.
Professor, Helen說她的頭疼和胃疼都是persistent是什麼意思？
Professor: You can call a symptom persistent if it won't go away. For example, "I get a persistent headache every afternoon as soon as my children come home from school."
哦，persistent pain就是持續的疼痛。
Professor: Exactly. And do you know what sharp and dull pains are?
我知道，dull pain就是隱隱作痛，而sharp pain是劇烈疼痛。
Doctor: Do you have a history of these kinds of symptoms?
Helen: Well I've had stomach aches and headaches before, but never this serious and for so long.
Doctor: Right. How long have you been feeling ill? Is it every day?
Helen: It's been on-and-off for a few months. I've tried taking aspirin to lessen the pain, but it doesn't help.
Professor: So Winnie, how long has Helen had these symptoms?
她說已經疼了幾個月了，不過，她說這些症狀是on-an-off，這是什麼意思呢？
Professor: That means that sometimes she has them, and sometimes she doesn't.
哦，on-and-off 就是說有時候疼，有時候不疼，時好時壞。
Professor: Right. You can use this phrase for other things too. For example, "Chris and Tammy keep breaking up, but then getting back together. Their relationship has been on-and-off for the past year."
哦，形容戀人的關係是on-and-off，就是說他們總是分分合合。Professor, 醫生還問Helen是不是有a history of these symptoms，這就是問她是不是有這個病史，是不是老毛病吧？
Professor: Right again! The doctor might also ask if you have a "family history" of a disease, meaning that other people in your family have had the same thing.
Family history of a disease? 也就是家族病史。
Doctor: I'm not sure what the problem is. I need to do some tests before I can diagnose you.
Helen: How long will that take?
Doctor: It will take about a week for the test results to come back. Until then, I can give you some pain killers to help alleviate the pain.
Helen: Thanks doctor. I think that would be really helpful.
看來，醫生一時也不能判斷Helen到底有什麼病，所以要 do some tests 做一些化驗，看看結果再說。
Professor: Yes, Winnie. And what does the doctor say he will do to help Helen alleviate the pain while they are waiting for the test results?
醫生說先給Helen開一些pain killers--止痛藥，希望這樣能alleviate--緩解她的疼痛。
Doctor: I have just one last question. Have there been any big changes in your life that have affected your mental health?
Helen: Actually, my dog died a couple of weeks ago, and I've been really sad about it.
Doctor: You know, sometimes when you are under a lot of mental stress, it can cause physical health problems. Have you thought about talking to a therapist?
Helen: No, I haven't. Do you think that would help?
Doctor: It might. You should think about it.
原來，Helen的狗幾個星期前死了，醫生說，心理壓力也可能引起身體不適，所以建議Helen去看看therapist--治療師。
Professor: That's right. Usually when Americans mention "therapist", they refer to someone who you talk to about your mental health, but a "physical therapist" is someone who helps people recover from physical injuries.
哦，therapist一般指心理治療師， “physical therapist”，就是物理治療師了。Professor, 你說Helen會去看therapist麼？
Professor: Let's listen next time to find out!
A: 醫生問Helen身體有什麼不適，她說她一直have a dull pain in her stomach, 肚子隱隱作痛，而且幾個月來一直on and off, 時好時壞。醫生問她有沒有 a history of these symptoms， 家族病史。瞭解到沒有之後，醫生說得做些檢察，先給了Helen一些止痛藥來 alleviate the pain， 減輕疼痛。
B: Yeah, she also mentioned that she's under a lot of mental stress. I guess that also contributed.
A:我也是這麼覺得，在美國要是生了病我可懶得去看醫生，還得預約，太麻煩了!
B: Not necessarily, a lot of cities have special clinics call "Urgent Care Centers" where you can just walk in and see a doctor. No one wants to get sick, especially when you have something important to do. I remember once I got really sick before an important interview, and it nearly killed me! I was too dizzy to follow what the interviewer was saying!
A: 啊? 要是我肯定就先取消了嘛!
B: Well, sometimes you get sick suddenly and there is no time to cancel or maybe the interview is extremely important and you can't cancel.
A: 也對也對! 在今天的Business Etiquette裏， David得到了他一直夢寐以求的面試機會，咱們去看看他是怎麼準備的!
禮節美語-Prepare for Job Interview-part I
MC: David 興高彩烈地來找 Peter。讓我們聽聽他有什麼好消息。
David: Peter! Have I got news for you!
Peter: Wow, Dave...I've never seen you so excited. What's the occasion?
D: 've known me for years, right?
P: Uh huh.
D: What's the one job I've been dreaming of having my whole life?
P: You've always wanted to work as a writer for PLAYERS Magazine.
David 說，Have I got news for you! 在這裏不是問句，而是要加強語氣，意思是我有事要告訴你！So What's the occasion? 是什麼重大消息呢？Peter 故意賣關子，暗示 David ，跟他多年來的理想有關，那就是給 Players 雜誌撰稿。
D: That's right!! And I landed a job interview with them!!! I go in to meet the boss next Tuesday!!
P: Wow, man! I'm so happy for you! Good for you!
D: But, truth be told...I'm terrified of the interview. How can I ace it?
David 喜出望外地告訴 Peter, I landed a job interview with them. 他得到了面試的機會。Land, l-a-n-d, 在這裏是動詞，意思是得到。但是 David 承認，truth be told，說實話，他很怕，所以讓 Peter 給他出主意，怎樣才能 ace it. Ace it 是一種很口語化的說法，意思是得滿分，一舉拿下這次面試。
P: Awww, everyone is terrified of job interviews, but there are some things you can do to help prepare.
D: Such as?
P: Well, for starters, you should do as much research as possible on PLAYERS Magazine.
D: Yeah...I'll need to review some of their older issues and brush up on the magazine's history. I need to know that company inside and out!
P: That's right. Bosses like the guy who does his homework.
如何爲面試做準備？Peter 說，for starters, 首先，要對 Players 雜誌有一個徹底的瞭解。David 說，他準備回去 brush up on the magazine's history. 重溫一下這份雜誌的歷史，brush up on something 的意思是溫故知新. David 還說，I need to know that company inside and out. 意思是把這家雜誌從裏到外瞭解個底兒透。Peter 表示贊成，因爲 bosses like the guy who does his homework. 老闆都喜歡認真的人。do one's homework 做好功課，就是事先做好準備工作的意思。
D: I was thinking about asking you to play the role of the interviewer so I can rehearse my performance. I've already done it front of a mirror like a hundred times.
P: (chuckle) Sure...I'll play the boss. But you 're going to have to fight to stay calm. It doesn't look good if you go into the interview too hyper. You gotta look calm and in control.
David 讓 Peter 扮演面試考官，play the role of the interviewer, 幫他模擬面試，so I can rehearse my performance. Rehearse, r-e-h-e-a-r-s-e, 是彩排的意思。Peter 建議 David 不能過於激動 too hyper, h-y-p-e-r, hyper 是高度興奮的意思。You gotta look calm and in control. 要顯得鎮定自若。
A: David得到了夢寐以求的面試機會，他決定好好準備，brush up on the magazine's history, 熟悉雜誌的歷史，know the company inside and out, 透徹瞭解這家公司。Peter 說去面試的時候不能hyphy hyh hyper，過於興奮，要 look calm and in control, 鎮定自若。
B: Those are all good tips. I think preparation is key. If you are fully prepared, you will have more confidence, and it will show through your gestures and words.
A: Yep. 而且我覺得穿着和舉止也特別重要! 一定得穿自己最舒服最自信的衣服，一走進去就讓面試官感覺到你的自信!
B: Yep, it's better to be over-dress than under-dress! Let's continue to listen and see what kind of advice that Peter has for David!
B:
禮節美語-Prepare for Job Interview-part II
David 要去面試，他準備穿什麼呢？我們一起聽聽他跟好朋友 Peter 的對話。
D: I'm going to get there early and make sure I have my best outfit all washed and ironed way ahead of time. If I wait for the last minute, I know I'll panic!
P: Yeah, preparation is key. Remember to call the interviewer by their name. People like to hear their name spoken out loud. But don't over-do it. what are you planning on wearing next Tuesday?
D: Well, I want to look good, but I don't want to look too stuffy. I was thinking about nice jeans and a sports coat.
David 準備提前到達面試地點，早早把要穿的衣服洗好、熨好。way ahead of time 意思是早早的。If I wait for the last minute, 如果等到最後一分鐘的話，就會 panic, p-a-n-i-c, 意思是感到慌亂。Peter 提醒 David 要稱呼面試官的名字，但是 don't over-do it. 不要做得太過頭。David 說，他不想顯得乏味，古板，too stuffy, s-t-u-f-f-y, 所以想穿牛仔褲和休閒西裝上衣去面試。
P: Ummm...I'd recommend erring on the conservative side when it comes to clothes. I read somewhere that 55% of another person's perception of you is based on how you look. I'd say go with a suit and tie.
D: 55% huh? Then I guess it's better to be over-dressed than under-dressed.
P: Yeah. I'd say a dark suit with a conservative tie.
Peter 建議 David 選擇相對正式的西裝和領帶。to err on the conservative side, 意思是寧可保守一點，因爲別人對你的印象有百分之55都是根據你的外表得出的。It's better to be over-dressed than under-dressed. 寧可穿得過於正式 over-dressed，也不要穿得過於隨便 under-dressed。
P: But the one main thing that I can't stress enough is confidence. Look the person in the eye. If you need a clarification on something, speak up and don't turn into a blabbermouth.
D: Do you think I should tell him how terrible it is working at Shimomatsu Publishing? I bet he'd get a kick out of that!
Peter 強調說，要 look the person in the eye 看着對方的眼睛。有什麼問題儘管問，但不要喋喋不休 don't turn into a blabbermouth. B-l-a-b-b-e-r-m-o-u-t-h 是多嘴多舌的意思。David 想告訴面試官自己對現在的工作不滿意。I bet he'd get a kick out of that. 我想他聽了一定很高興。
P: Actually, when I interview people, I hate it when they badmouth previous employers. I think it's bad form and I also think "Is this what you're going to do to me one day?"
D: Good point. Peter, you are a true friend and I value your input.
P: Call me right after the interview and tell me how it went, OK?
D: Absolutely.
Peter 覺得，最好不要 badmouth previous employers 說以前老闆的壞話， badmouth 是說別人壞話的意思，因爲 it's bad form 這是一種粗魯的表現，form 在這裏是舉止行爲的意思。
A: 聽到沒有，絕對不能說老闆或者同事的壞話! So you need to stop being mean to me!
B: I'm not being mean, I'm just being honest...
A: There will be some serious consequences for your action mister! You just wait and see!
B: HA! ok, I'll be waiting right here.
A: a切! 好了同學們，這次節目時間就到這裏了。
