關於建築文章中英文對照
這幾年，城裏大興土木，建起許多高層建築，建築工地上，工人們幹得熱火朝天的。下面小編整理中英文對照的關於建築文章，希望大家喜歡!
能繪製建築能效的新工具
Architects, engineers and building supervisors will soon be able to quickly collect informationthat once took weeks to measure and process.
Scientists have developed a device to gather information about building interiors – the designand exact measurements of a building. The scientists are with the University of California,Berkeley. Their invention connects to a backpack that can be carried on a person's back.
The device requires only one pass through a building to create a three-dimensional, or 3D,model of the structure. In other words, the model shows an object's height, width and device also is able to collect other valuable information related to the building's energyusage.
An older building may need a new, more efficient heating and cooling system. Experts say thefirst thing you need to know is the exact shape of all rooms in the building. You have toconsider the size and position of heating and cooling equipment, windows and doors. Anotherconsideration is the placement of electrical outlets – the areas where electrically-operatedequipment can be connected to the power supply.
Annie Marston is with Baumann Consulting, the business that developed the new device. Shesays that instead of using a team of experts with laptop computers and other devices, it willsoon be possible to send only one person with a space-age backpack.
"The backpack is something you can wear, which has all the sensors on the back, which canthen walk through a building and detect the geometry, the lights, the plug load, and once youtake it out, you can create a 3D model which can show an IR (infrared) image of each of thewalls and look at the thermal capacity of the building, and then it can be transferred into anenergy model, and the energy model could be run and look at how the energy is dispersedwithin the building, and that's when we start looking at saving measures and things like that."
Weather experts use a scientific instrument called a barometer to measure pressure inEarth's atmosphere. But the device uses a barometer to estimate height. Instruments calledmagnetometers act as 3D compasses. They gather information about metallic structures.
The University of California scientists say they can create a virtual map with an accuracy of plusor minus 10 centimeters. They say the device uses a mathematical problem to add surfaces tothe walls and floors. This can be used for architectural design or to run tests on energy usage.
Annie Marston says the device may be very useful to energy testers and engineers but also tobuilders and the construction industry.
"When they are building a new construction, it will be great to have a model of the ducts andthe pipes before the walls are closed up, so in later years you know where everything is," shesays.
Researchers say they are now working to lower the weight of the backpack from 15 to about 10kilograms. But the price of the device is about $20,000. Researchers predict the device will beavailable for loan at a much lower price.
經典中英文對照的關於建築的文章The basic feature of Chinese architecture is rectangular units of space joined together into awhole. Temples in ancient Greece also employed rectangular spaces，but the overall effecthad austere tendencies. By contrast, the Chinese style combines rectangular shapes varyingin size and position according to importance into an organic whole with each level andcomponent clearly distinguished. As a result，traditional Chinese style buildings have animposing yet dynamic exterior.
中國建築的基本特徵是將矩形空間單位連成一個整體。古希臘的廟宇也採用了矩形空間，但是整體效果傾向於樸素。與此相反，中式建築則根據各種大小和位置的矩形體的重要性將其連成一個整體，同時每一層和每個組成部分都明顯地得到突出。這使得中式建築物威嚴且不失活力。
Traditional Architecture
傳統建築
Ancient Chinese architecture enjoys a long history and great achievements,and created manyarchitectural miracles such as the Great Wall. In the process of its development, superiorarchitectural techniques and artistic design were tombiped to make unique Chinesearchitecture one of the three greatest orchitectural systems.
中國的古代建築擁有悠久的歷史，取得過巨大的成就，它創造出長城等許多建築奇蹟。在它的發展過程中將出色的建築技巧和藝術設計結合在一起，從而使獨特的中國建築成爲最傑出三大建築體系之一。
The combinations of units of space in traditional Chinese architecture follow the principles ofbalance and symmetry. The main structure is the axis, and the secondary structures arepositioned as two wings on each side to form the main rooms and yard. Residences，officialbuildings，temples，and palaces all follow these basic principles. The distribution of interiorspace reflects Chinese social and ethical values. For instance，in traditional residentialbuildings, members of a family are assigned living quarters based on the family hierarchy. Themaster of the house occupies the main room， and the elder members of the master's familylive in the compound in the back. The younger members of the family live in the wings to theleft and right; those with seniority on the left and the others on the right.
傳統中國建築在將空間單位聯成一體時遵循的是平衡與對稱的原則。主結構就是軸線，而次要結構則置於每一面的兩翼，從而構成主屋和院子。住宅、官方建築、寺院以及宮殿都遵循這些基本原則。內部空間的分配反映出中國的社會觀和倫理觀。例如在傳統的住宅建築中，一個家庭根據等級向其成員分配住房。一家之主住在主屋中，而這家的長輩則居住在後面建築中。這個家的年輕成員則居住在左右兩翼;資歷較高的居住左側，而其他人則住在右側。
Another characteristic of traditional Chinese architecture is its use of a wooden structuralframe with pillars，beams, and earthen walls surrounding the building on three sides. The maindoor and windows are in front. Chinese have used wood as a main construction material forthousands of years;wood to the Chinese repreBents life, and "life" is the main idea that Chineseculture strives to feature has been preserved up to the present.
傳統中國建築的另一個特點就是它使用了木結構框架和桂子、樑以及三面環繞建築物的土牆。正門和窗戶位於前面。幾千年來，中國人將木頭作爲主要的建築材料;木頭對中國人來說代表着生命，而“生命”是中國文化力圖傳遞的主要思想，這一特點一直沿用至今。
Based on the structure of the wooden beams and pillars，traditional Chinese rectangularbuildings are divided into several order to cover the structure with an over-hangingroof,the Chinese invented a special type of support bracket,called which both supports the andis an attractive ornamentation.
通過木樑和木柱的結構，中國傳統的矩形建築物被分割爲數間房間。爲了對結構使用高懸的房頂，中國人發明出一種被稱之爲斗拱的特殊支架，它既對結構起到支撐作用也是極富吸引力的裝飾。
Roofs usually slope down on both sides in a simple fashion. However, many traditionalChinese buildings have curved eaves. The characteristic curve of Chinese roofs is symbolicof the spirit of Chinese culture. While the building itself is relatively plain andstraightforward，the ridge and eaves of the roof introduce a more intricate aspect in theform of upward-curving eaves. This is analogous to the Chinese national character which is bynature plain and straightforward but full of vitality.
房頂通常兩邊都以簡單的方式向下傾斜。但是許多傳統的中國建築都有曲檐。中國房頂上具有特點的弧線象徵着中國文化的精神。雖然建築物本身比較樸素、簡單，但是屋脊和屋檐卻以向上彎曲的屋檐形式告訴我們更爲複雜的一面。這與中國的國民性是一致的，即本質上很樸素、坦率但卻充滿活力。
Three special architectural features resulted from the use of wood first is that thedepth and breadth of interior space is determined by the wooden structural frame. Thesecond is the development of the technique of applying color lacquers to the structure topreserve the wood. These lacquers were made in brilliant，bold colors，and became one ofthe key identifying features of traditional Chinese architecture. Third is the technique ofbuilding a structure on a platform，to prevent damage from moisture. The height of theplatform corresponds to the importance of the building. A high platform addsstrength，sophistication，and stateliness to large buildings.
通過使用木料產生了三個特殊的建築特徵。第一就是內部空間的深度與寬度取決於木質結構框架。第二則是發展出在結構上使用彩色漆的技巧，這可以保護木料。這些漆使用了耀眼、醒目的色彩，而且成爲中國傳統建築的本質特徵之一。第三點就是在平臺上建造建築物的技巧，這避免了潮氣所產生的危害。平臺的高度與建築物的重要程度相對應。大型平臺使大型建築物更加富有力量、更加精密、更加莊嚴。
Timber framework decides that colour is the main ornament used on ancient Chinesearchitecture. In the beginning，paint was used on wood for antisepsis while later paintingbecame an architectural ornament. In the feudal society，the use of colour was restrictedaccording to strict social status e yellow was deemed noblest colour andgreen the second，they were often applied on palace painting，which was called Hexicaihua(akind of Chinese colour painting)in Chinese. The sundry color murals found on a traditionalChinese building range from outlines of dragons and phoenixes to depictions of myths topaintings of landscapes，flowers, and birds. Clearly these color murals have both symbolic andaesthetic significance. One notable architectural development in southern China，particularly inTaiwan，is fine wood sculpture. Such sculptures coupled with murals give the structure anelegant and florid effect under the background of white granite basement.
木質框架決定了色彩是中國古代建築的主要裝飾。起初，油漆塗在木料上是爲了防腐，而之後油漆便成了一種建築裝飾。在封建社會中，根據嚴格的社會等級劃分而限制了色彩的使用。由於黃色被視爲最高貴的顏色而綠色次之，因此它們經常用於宮殿，這被漢語稱作和璽彩畫(一種中國彩畫)。在傳統中國建築上可以找到各式各樣的彩色壁畫，這其中有龍、鳳的輪廓，有對神話的敘述，也有風景、花卉、鳥類的畫作。很明顯，這些彩色壁畫具有象徵和審美意義。中國南方的一個突出的建築發展就是精美的木雕，這在臺灣尤爲突出。這些木雕加上壁畫以後，使結構在花崗岩底座的背景下產生了高雅、華麗的效果。
Modern Architecture
現代建築
As with many other elements of the Chinese culture，tradition has been interwoven withmodern technology. Although many traditional buildings still exist，almost all new buildings arebuilt in Western style. it's not uncommon to see skyscrapers in a large city of itional houses，however, are still exquisitely built.
和中國文化中其他許多要素一樣，傳統是和現代技術交織在一起的。雖然許多傳統建築物依然存在，但是幾乎所有的新式建築都是西式建築。摩天大樓在中國的大城市中並不罕見。但是傳統的房屋依然修建得十分精美。
中英文對照的關於建築的文章人類計劃建設的超級建築
Saudi Arabia's Monster Hotels At Mecca
沙特阿拉伯麥加的最大酒店
For the past few years, Saudi Arabia has been busy turning the ancient city of Mecca into theLas Vegas of the Middle East. The pinnacle of this transformation may well be the upcomingAbraj Kudai. Technically a luxury, five-star hotel that will loom over the holy city, the AbrajKudai is so big that it more resembles a vertical city-state, where every citizen will be aguaranteed millionaire.
過去的幾年中，沙特阿拉伯一直致力於將聖城麥加這座古老的城市轉型爲中東的拉斯維加斯。轉型過程中最引人注目的恐怕就是即將建成的Abraj Kudai酒店了。從技術上來講一座豪華的五星級酒店將巍然聳立於城中，Abraj Kudai酒店規模如此之大，堪稱一座垂直型城邦國，而且城中的每個居民保證都是百萬富翁。
It will stand 45 stories tall, and everything about the hotel screams obscene wealth. The topfloor will house one of the largest Islamic domes in the world, surrounded by four helipads forthe ultra-rich to land on. At least five floors will be reserved for the exclusive use of the Al-Saud royal family. The rest of the building, meanwhile, will contain around 10,000 bedroomsand over 70 high-class restaurants. Far below, on the ground floors, a vast shopping mall willvie for space with a conference center and a lavish ballroom. Supposedly designed toresemble a "traditional desert fortress," this monster of a building will cost at least £2.3billion. Although the Abraj Kudai will be the biggest hotel in the world when it opens in 2017, itpales in comparison to other Mecca projects. A collection of gigantic hotels in the west of thecity known as the Jabal Omar development is intended to house 100,000 pilgrims, while theGrand Mosque is to be upgraded to house seven million people at any one time. Ironically, thiswould stretch so far back that many worshipers wouldn't even be able to see the Kaaba they'dcome all this way to worship.
酒店樓高45層，所有與酒店相關的東西都極盡奢華。最頂層將建成世界上最大的穹頂，四周圍繞着4個直升機停機坪，以供那些超級富豪降落。還有至少5個專供沙特皇室享用的樓層。除此之外還包含1萬間客房，70家高級餐廳。遠非這些，一間大型購物中心正在與會議中心和高級宴會廳競爭酒店底層的位置。酒店的設計意在以現代理念詮釋"傳統沙漠堡壘"，耗資至少高達23億英鎊。儘管Abraj Kudai酒店2017年開業後將是世界上最大的酒店，但是與麥加其他項目相比就小巫見大巫了。在城市的西部地區，名爲Jabal Omar的酒店正在開發當中，預計可容納10萬朝聖者，麥加大清真寺也將擴建至可以容納700萬朝拜者。然而諷刺的是，擴建部分遠至朝聖者根本無法看到他們遠道而來朝覲的卡巴天房。
China's Vertical Mega City
中國的大型垂直城市
Now let's set our sights beyond that one large hotel. Imagine standing at the base of a buildingso massive, so self-contained, and so teeming with life that it truly qualified as a city. Rightnow, preparations are underway for constructing such a sci-fi marvel in the Chinese city ofShenzhen, a booming metropolis on the Pearl River Delta.
現在將我們的目光投向一座大酒店之上。想象一下：站在一座如此龐大、完備、充滿生命力的建築物面前，你會覺得它有資格稱爲一座"城市"。目前，籌備工作正在中國深圳進行：在珠三角蓬勃發展的大都市構建這樣一個科幻奇蹟。
Known as Cloud Citizen, the finished building would comprise three interlocking towers, thetallest only a few hundred feet shorter than Dubai's monstrous Burj Khalifa. At around 2 squarekilometers (1 mi2), its surface area would be only slightly smaller than all of Monaco. But it'swhat's inside that would really shake urban design up. Rather than just being a supermassiveoffice block, Cloud Citizen is designed to operate as a self-contained gside homes and offices, the superstructure would contain farms, parkland, foodproduction centers, and the means to harvest rainwater. It would also power itself using acombination of wind, solar, and algae, effectively allowing it to exist separately fromShenzhen proper. Impressively for such an urban building, the focus would be on green spacesand parkland, with commuters encouraged to walk to work through high-altitude ough there are no concrete plans to start construction yet, Cloud Citizen is beingtaken seriously by the local government. It recently won a city-sponsored design competition,and officials are taking an interest in seeing the project realized.
該設計取名爲"雲中漫步"，建成後將由3座摩天塔樓構成空中之城，最高的一棟僅比迪拜第一高樓哈利法塔矮几百英尺。總的表面積大約兩平方公里，僅次於摩納哥的國土面積。但是其內裏的設計震撼了整個城市設計界。"雲中漫步"被設計成一個完備的城中城，而不是隻作爲一座巨大的辦公樓。除了住宅和辦公樓之外，這座大型建築物還將包括農場、綠地、食品生產中心及收集雨水的設施。而且它還利用風能、太陽能及藻類來提供所需能量——這些使其脫離於深圳成爲一個獨立的存在。令人印象深刻的是這座城市建築物的設計亮點在於綠地及公園——旨在鼓勵上班族穿過空中花園步行去上班。儘管目前還沒有具體的開建計劃，"雲中漫步"項目仍受到當地政府的重視。該項目最近還贏得了城市舉辦的設計大賽，評委們也對實現這個項目有着濃厚的興趣。
