盤點亞洲各國的年度漢字大綱
The Chinese character "Lian", or "clean governance," has been chosen by Chinese netizens as the character of the year 2015, and "Internet Plus" as the word/phrase of the year.
通過網友票選，“廉”字當選爲2015年度中國漢字，“互聯網+”成爲年度中國詞彙。
The winners were chosen after an online poll from more than 11,000 candidate characters and words recommended by Internet users, the selection's co-organizers -- the Chinese National Language Monitoring and Research Center and the Commercial Press announced on Monday.
該評選主辦單位商務印書館和國家語言資源監測與研究中心表示，年度字詞是從網友推薦的1.1萬多個字詞中經過在線投票選出來的。
Also, the character "Kong," (terror) and the word "counterterrorism" were chosen as representative of international affairs.
國際方面，“恐”“反恐”分別當選年度字、詞。
Runners-up included "slump," "second child," "chaotic" and "Islamic State" ISIL or Daesh, with "smog", "Belt and Road" and "refugee" also popular candidates.
今年的候選名單中，“跌”、“二孩”、“亂”、“伊斯蘭國”、“一帶一路”以及“難民”等字詞也相當熱門。
Last year's character and word/phrase were "law" and "anticorruption."
去年的年度字、詞分別爲“法”和“反腐”。
In several Asian countries where Chinese characters are widely used, such as Malaysia,Japan and Singapore, people have been voting for the most representative characters of the year in recent years. The polls, normally organized by academics or the media, are an interesting way of determining which events or incidents have affected the people most in a calendar year.
近幾年，馬來西亞、日本和新加坡等廣泛使用漢字的亞洲國家每年都會投票選出最能代表這一年的漢字。這些投票通常由學術機構或媒體舉辦，從中能看出這一年中對人們影響最大的活動或事件，不失爲一種有趣的視角。
Japan
日本
Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Association announced at Kiyomizu Temple of Kyoto on Tuesday that安(pronounced an) or "safety" was selected as the kanji of 2015 which best summarizes the year's national mood in the country. It won 5,632 of the 129,647 votes received in total.
15日，日本漢字能力鑑定協會在京都清水寺宣佈“安”當選爲2015年度漢字，這一漢字最爲貼切地概括了這個國家的國民這一年度的心情。“安”在129647總票數中贏得了5632張。
According to Japanese local media, the Abe administration forced controversial security-related bills through the upper house of the parliament since September despite strong protests from the Japanese people. People are concerned about safety issues as the risks of Japan being involved in a war have been obviously increased.
據日本當地媒體報道，安倍政府自9月以來不顧日本人民的強烈反對，經國會參議院通過強行推出備受爭議的安保法案。由於日本捲入一場戰爭的風險明顯增加，人們很擔心安全問題。
Japanese Defence Secretary Gen Nakatani told Japanese journalists at a press conference on Tuesday that it shows Japanese people are eager for the "safety" of the future. "In addition to the concern over the new security bill, Japanese people hope to acquire safety and stability in both politics and economy," he said.
在當天的一場媒體發佈會上，日本防衛大臣中谷元告訴在場的日本記者，這表明了日本人民對未來“安全”的渴求。他說道：“除了對於新安全法案的關注，日本人民還希望在政治和經濟方面都能獲得安全與穩定。”
爆（soar）was next only to "safety" with 4,929 votes. The phrase爆買（Bakugai or explosive buying）frequently appears on Japanese media during the whole year as busloads of Chinese travelers arrived at duty-free stores in the shopping districts throughout Japan, purchasing items including rice cookers and high-tech toilet seats.
“爆”字以4929票緊隨“安”之後。隨着一車車的中國遊客抵達日本各個購物地區的免稅店，購買包括電飯煲與高科技馬桶座圈在內的各種物品，整整一年中，“爆買”一詞頻繁出現在日本媒體中。
戰(war),結(marriage),五(five),賞(reward),僞(fake),爭(dispute),變(change) and 勝(win) were also listed as the top 10 kanji for the year in Japan.
“戰”、“結”、“五”、“賞”、“僞”、“爭”、“變”和“勝”也入選日本十大年度漢字。
The annual kanji selection event has been held since 1995. Last year,稅or "tax" was chosen the annual kanji as the consumption tax rate was raised from 5 percent to 8 percent.
日本年度漢字評選活動始於1995年。去年，“稅”字被選作年度漢字，原因是消費稅率從5%提高到了8%。
Singapore
新加坡
In Singapore, Lianhe Zaobao published the result of the 2015 Chinese character poll on Monday.耀(pronounced yew), which has several connotations including radiance, brilliance and glorious, was chosen as the Chinese character of the year. It is also the last character in former Singapore Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew's Chinese name.
在新加坡，《聯合早報》於14日發佈了2015漢字投票的結果。“耀”字當選爲這一年的年度漢字。它有好幾層含義，包括髮光、光輝和輝煌。同時，它也是新加坡前總理李光耀中文名的最後一個字。
Goh Sin Teck, editor-in-chief of Lianhe Zaobao, stressed that 2015 has been an especially eventful year for the media, from natural disasters to the passing of a great man, as well as various local and international news events that hold great significance both politically and historically.
《聯合早報》的主編吳新迪強調說，2015年對於媒體而言是一個不同尋常的多事之年，從自然災害到偉人的隕落，還有各種在政治和歷史層面上都有重大意義的本地及國際新聞事件。
"Although this character can be linked to various news events, the news that will first come to people's mind would still be the passing of our founding Prime Minister Mr Lee Kuan Yew. This shows that when readers look back at the major events of the year, the one that leaves the deepest impression is our shared memories of the seven days (of mourning) in March," he said.
他說：“雖然這個漢字可以跟不少新聞事件聯繫起來，但是人們第一時間想起的仍是我們國家的奠基者李光耀先生。這表明，當讀者們回首這一年的主要事件時，我們印象最爲深刻的是我們對於三月那七天時間（哀悼日）的共同記憶。”
Lee, who was Prime Minister from 1959 to 1990 and died in March aged 91, received a hero's funeral after an unprecedented outpouring of grief from Singaporeans who now enjoy one of Asia's highest standards of living.
李光耀在1959年到1990年期間擔任新加坡總理，於今年3月去世，享年91歲。全體新加坡人用前所未有的方式表達了對他逝去的悲痛之後，又爲他舉行了一場英雄的葬禮。如今，新加坡人民的生活水平在亞洲是最高的。
Cooperating with 10 experts, the editorial team of Lianhe Zaobao also concluded 民(citizenry),國（nation),驚（surprise or shock),難(difficulty),信(trust),責(responsibility),新(afresh/renew),毒(noxious) and匯(currency) as the top 10 Chinese characters after a two-week poll.
漢字評選投票爲期兩週，編輯團隊與10位專家把“民”、“國”、“驚”、“難”、“信”、“責”、“新”、“毒”和“匯”列爲十大年度漢字。
Lianhe Zaobao held the annual Chinese character of the year poll since 2011. Last year, the annual character was亂which means disorder or chaos.
《聯合早報》從2011年開始舉辦年度漢字評選活動。去年當選的漢字是“亂”，意爲混亂或騷亂。
Malaysia
馬來西亞
In the annual selection of Chinese characters jointly conducted by the Federation of Chinese Associations Malaysia (FCAM) and Han Culture Centre Malaysia (HCCM),苦(pronounced ku）or bitter was chosen as the Chinese character of 2015 in Malaysia.
馬來西亞一年一度的年度漢字評選由馬來西亞中華大會堂和馬來西亞漢文化中心共同舉辦。今年，“苦”被選爲馬來西亞2015年的年度漢字。
According to Xinhua News Agency, 14,078 Malaysians from 65 countries and areas participated in the poll, the largest number of participants in history, and some 16% of them had chosen the word“bitter”. Around 15% of the participants chose the word貪(conrruption) and 14% of them chose 稅(tax).
據新華社消息，來自65個國家和地區的14078位馬來西亞籍人士參加了這次投票，參與人數爲歷史最高。其中，“苦”字以16%左右的最高投票率當選，約有15%的人選擇了“貪”字，而14%的人選擇了“稅”字。
In addition,捐(donation),亂(unrest),跌(crash),恥(shame),霾(smog),一(one) and 震(quake) were also listed as the top 10 Chinese characters for the year in Malaysia.
此外，“捐”、“亂”、“跌”、“恥”、“霾”、“一”和“震”入選馬西亞年度十大漢字。
President of FCAM Fang Tianxing announced the result last Friday. He said that the top 10 Chinese characters showed the public dissatisfaction with the new consumption tax policy, soaring commodity prices and the depreciation of the Malaysian ringgit.
馬來西亞中華大會堂總會長方天興在11日揭曉了這一結果。他說，這十個漢字顯示了公衆對於新消費稅政策、不斷上漲的商品價格以及林吉特（馬來西亞貨幣單位）貶值的不滿。
Malaysia started the annual Chinese character selection since 2011. In 2014,貪（corruption）,馬（abbreviation of Malaysia）,失(lost) ,漲(inflation) ,難(tough),航(flight),苦(bitter),愁(worry),稅(tax) and迷(puzzle) were chosen as the Chinese characters of the year in the country.
馬來西亞從2011年開始一年一度的漢字評選。2014年，“貪”、“馬”、“失”、“漲”、“難”、 “航”、“苦”、“愁”、“稅”和“迷”被選爲馬來西亞年度十大漢字。
