奧運在即 里約水域發現超級細菌
A group of Brazilian scientists has detected a drug-resistant bacteria growing off some of Rio de Janeiro's most stunning beaches, in research being published a month before the city hosts the 2016 Olympic Games.
巴西一組科學家在里約熱內盧最美麗的一些海灘外發現了耐藥性細菌。這一研究結果在2016里約奧運會開幕前一個月公佈。
According to lead researcher Renata Picao, the "super bacteria" entered the city's waterways when sewage coming from local hospitals got channeled into the bay.
據首席研究員雷娜塔•皮康稱，“超級細菌”在當地醫院的污水流入海灣的過程中進入了城市水道。
"We have been looking for 'super bacteria' in coastal waters during a one-year period in five beaches," Picao told CNN during a visit to her lab. "We found that the threats occur in coastal waters in a variety of concentrations and that they are strongly associated with pollution."
皮康在CNN探訪其實驗室時表示：“過去一年裏我們一直在五個海灘的沿海水域尋找‘超級細菌’。我們發現，沿海水域的細菌威脅程度不一，並且與污染極爲相關。”
The samples were collected between 2013 and 2014. The superbug found was carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, or CRE.
研究樣本收集於2013至2014年。所發現的超級細菌是耐碳青黴烯類腸桿菌，簡稱CRE。
Picao said there is no reason to believe the levels have changed because raw sewage continues to flow into many waterways. She said the next step is to test the impact these bacteria can have when humans come in contact with them in coastal waters.
皮康說，鑑於未經處理的污水持續流入衆多水道，並沒有理由相信問題的狀況得到了改變。她表示，下一步將測試這些細菌對沿海水域與之有接觸的人類可能產生的影響。
The news comes as Rio prepares to host hundreds of thousands of athletes and tourists during next month's Summer Olympics.
研究結果發佈的同時，里約正準備接待上百萬運動員和遊客。他們將在下個月的夏奧期間到訪。
Among the beaches flagged were Flamengo and Botafogo, which border the bay where Olympic sailors are scheduled to compete.
亮起紅燈的海灘包括弗拉門戈和博塔弗戈海灘，它們鄰近即將舉辦奧運帆船賽事的海灣。
"It's a nice sailing area but every time you get some water in your face, it feels like there's some alien enemy entering your face," German Paralympic sailor Heiko Kroger said during a recent visit to Rio. "I keep my nose and my lips closed."
德國的殘奧會帆船選手海科•克羅傑在近期拜訪里約時說：“這裏很適合帆船項目，但每次臉上沾到水，就感覺像受到了外敵攻擊。我得一直捂好鼻子，閉緊嘴脣。”
Kroger believes the super bacteria may have caused a severe skin infection in one of his teammates during recent training.
克羅傑認爲，在最近的訓練中，超級細菌可能已經導致他的一位隊友出現嚴重皮膚感染。
Picao said she believes the city's fragile sanitation infrastructure is responsible for the presence of the super bacteria.
皮康說，她認爲里約薄弱的衛生基礎設施是超級細菌出現的原因。
"This bacteria colonizes the intestine and it goes along with feces to the hospital sewage," Picao said. "We believe that hospital sewage goes into municipal sewage and gets to the Guanabara Bay or to other rivers and finally gets to the beach."
她表示：“這種細菌佔領腸道，並伴隨排泄物進入了醫院的污水。我們相信醫院污水匯入城市污水後又流入了瓜納巴拉灣或者其他河流，最終到了海灘。”
When Rio made its bid to host the Summer Games back in 2009, it promised to clean up the polluted waterways and connect 80% of homes to the sewage system.
里約在2009年申請承辦夏季奧運會時，承諾會清理受污染的水道並將80%的家庭納入下水道系統中。
Despite concerns, neither Picao nor international Olympic authorities recommend moving the sailing venue.
儘管有這些擔憂，皮康和國際奧林匹克相關機構都沒有建議更換帆船賽事場地。
The other beaches that tested positive for the bacteria were Leblon and Ipanema, which are very popular among tourists and locals alike.
檢測到超級細菌的海灘還有萊伯倫和伊帕尼馬，它們在遊客和當地人中都很受歡迎。
"I don't take my children to these beaches," Picao said. "We still need more studies to tell what would be the risk to human health of this exposure through the water."
皮康說：“我不會帶我的孩子去這些海灘。我們還需要更多的研究來了解在水中與細菌接觸會對人類健康造成怎樣的風險。”
