中國核電工業營銷信息令人困惑
China’s domestic nuclear rivalries are spilling overseas as state-owned rivals jostle to promote their reactor designs despite Beijing’s efforts to present a united front.
中國國內核電企業之間的角力正蔓延到海外。相互競爭的國有企業競相推介自己的反應堆設計，儘管中國政府正努力展現一個統一戰線。
China’s State Council, or cabinet, this month formally approved the first Hualong 1 reactor, to be built in coastal Fujian Province. Successfully constructing the Hualong 1 will bring China into the elite club of countries exporting reactors.
中國國務院本月正式批准在沿海的福建省建設首座“華龍1號”反應堆。成功建成華龍1號將使中國躋身於核反應堆出口國的精英俱樂部。China National Nuclear Corp already has agreements to build six reactors in Pakistan but a framework agreement to build a Hualong 1 reactor in Argentina would be the first overseas example of China’s indigenous prowess.
中國核工業集團(CNNC)已有在巴基斯坦建設6座反應堆的協議，但在阿根廷建設一座華龍1號反應堆的框架協議，將是在海外展現中國自主技術實力的首個例證。
“This project will change the environment for our indigenous reactors and will promote the national strategy of ‘going out’ with the nuclear industry,” Xing Ji, CNNC vice-general manager, said last week.
“這個項目將改變我國自主技術反應堆的大環境，推進核電工業‘走出去’的國家戰略，”中國核電工程公司(CNPE)副總經理邢繼上週表示。China plans to complete eight reactors this year. It has 26 under construction, as part of its programme to develop 58GW of nuclear generating capacity by 2020. A four-year suspension of new approvals after the meltdown of a tsunami-hit reactor in Fukushima, Japan, in 2011 resulted in a 7 per cent dip in nuclear investment in China last year, to Rmb56.9bn ($9.2bn).
中國計劃在今年建成8座反應堆。目前全國有26座反應堆在建，這是到2020年投運58GW核電裝機容量的計劃的一部分。2011年日本福島核電站在遭受海嘯襲擊後發生堆芯熔燬，促使中國在之後四年暫停批准新項目，這導致去年中國核電投資下降7%，至569億元人民幣（合92億美元）。The delay allowed regulators to make Chinese-designed “third-gener-ation” reactors a priority that could eventually represent the Chinese industry overseas. Critics say China’s plans to beef up nuclear power generation at home would be better served by constructing familiar second-generation plants. “We tend to be more interested in new things and lack enthusiasm for the old, but in the nuclear industry we must balance the two,” warned Li Ganjie, vice-minister of the environment.
推遲新項目上馬讓監管機構將中國設計的“第三代”反應堆列爲工作重點，使其最終有望在海外代表中國核電工業。批評人士表示，建設技術上成熟的第二代核電站，可能會對中國發展國內核電的計劃起到更大幫助。“我們往往對新的東西更感興趣，而對老的技術缺乏熱情，但在覈工業，我們必須權衡兩者，”中國環保部副部長李幹傑警告稱。
