中國將公佈醫療領域商業賄賂不良記錄
China's health regulators are rolling out a corporate blacklist for drug and medical-device companies implicated in commercial bribery, a move aimed at stamping out corruption in the country's graft-ridden health-care sector.
中國衛生監管部門將公佈醫療衛生領域的商業賄賂不良記錄，此舉旨在打擊中國醫療衛生體系中的腐敗行爲。Beginning in March, the National Health and Family Planning Commission will publish on its website a record of medical-related manufacturers, agencies and individuals charged with bribery by courts, sued, punished or investigated for bribery, the commission said in a statement on its website Friday. The statement also said that the agency reserved the right to place any company on the list for legal and regulatory violations.
中國國家衛生和計劃生育委員會週五在其網站上發佈通告稱，從明年3月份開始，有以下情形之一的醫藥相關製造企業、機構和個人，應當列入商業賄賂不良記錄，並在該委員會網站上公佈：被法院判決認定爲受賄罪、或者犯罪情節輕微，不需要判處刑罰，法院依照刑法免於刑事處罰的；行賄情節輕微，檢察院作出不起訴決定的；由紀檢監察機關已賄賂立案調查，並依法作出相關處理的；因行賄行爲被財政、工商行政管理、食品藥品監管等部門作出行政處罰的。《通知》還指出，該委員會有權將任何具有違法、違規行爲的公司列入黑名單。Listed companies will be barred for two years from selling their products within the province in which they are implicated, the statement said. It said companies can apply as usual to sell their products in other provinces but will be at a anies listed twice in a five-year period will be banned nationally for two years, the statement said.
《通知》稱， 上榜的企業，本省級區域內公立醫療機構不得從這些企業購入藥品。《通知》還稱，上榜企業可申請在其他省級區域照常出售其產品，但對該企業產品作減分處理。對五年內二次及以上上榜的企業，全國所有公立醫療機構兩年內不得購入其藥品、醫用設備和醫用耗材。
The developments come amid a heightened state of scrutiny of China's health-care industry.
目前中國監管部門正在加大對醫療衛生領域的監查力度。The Ministry of Public Security in July accused U.K. drug company GlaxoSmithKline PLC of bribing doctors, hospitals and government officials in an effort to sell more drugs at higher prices. Glaxo has said it appears some of its managers in China might have broken the law, and says it is cooperating with the probe.
中國公安部7月份時對英國醫藥公司葛蘭素史克(Glaxosmithkline plc, GSK, )進行立案調查，該公司被指控賄賂醫生、醫院和政府官員，以達到高價出售更多藥品的目的。葛蘭素史克已表示，該公司中國業務的某些管理人員可能觸犯了法律，並表示，公司正協助調查。French food giant Danone SA's baby-food arm Dumex Baby Food Co. announced in October it would overhaul management and marketing at its infant formula business in China following allegations by the official China Central Television that it paid hospital staff to use its products and boost sales.
法國食品生產巨頭達能(Danone SA)旗下的嬰兒食品子公司多美滋嬰兒食品公司(Dumex Baby Food Co.)曾在今年10月宣佈，將對在華嬰兒配方奶粉業務的管理和市場營銷進行全面調整。此前，中國中央電視臺報道稱，爲了提高產品銷量，美滋嬰收買醫院的醫務人員，以鼓勵其使用該公司的產品。The health commission's list will show details such as the name, address and legal representative of bribery-connected manufacturers or individuals, as well as information on their alleged crimes, the statement said. It also said regional health departments will be required to report companies to central authorities within a month of any alleged offense.
國家衛生計生委的公告稱，不良記錄公佈事項包括醫藥生產經營企業及其代理人的名稱、營業地址、法定代表人以及違法事由等。該公告稱，各省級衛生計生行政部門應當在其政務網站公佈商業賄賂不良記錄後的一個月內上報國家衛生計生委。Medical companies have in recent years flocked to the Chinese market, where a health-care overhaul has expanded access to services and boosted demand for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. The country's health-care spending is expected to triple to $1 trillion by 2020 from $357 billion in 2011, according to consulting firm McKinsey & Co.
中國的醫療體制改革不僅擴大了醫療服務渠道，也提升了對藥品和醫療器械的需求，促使醫藥企業近些年來蜂擁涌向中國市場。諮詢機構麥肯錫公司(McKinsey & Co.)稱，預計到2020年，中國的醫療支出將較2011年的3,570億美元增加兩倍，達到1萬億美元。Yet the country's hospital system, underfunded and strained, has historically been plagued by kickbacks and ripe for corruption. Doctors are widely seen as underpaid, which makes them prime recipients of honorariums, which are legal, or illegal cuts of sales from drug companies, industry insiders say.
不過，中國的醫療系統缺乏資金且過於僵化，一直無法擺脫回扣困擾，且腐敗盛行。業內人士稱，人們普遍認爲醫生的收入過低，這使得醫生成爲醫藥企業酬金（也就是合法或非法的銷售收入分成）的主要接收者。Health-care companies typically sell through multiple layers of distributors that are difficult to oversee, industry players say.
業界人士稱，醫療公司一般會通過多層分銷商進行銷售，很難監管。
