特朗普威脅對德國汽車製造商徵稅

President Donald Trump’s planned steel and aluminium tariffs have shaken up the US political establishment, drawing unexpected support from some Democrats while earning criticism from Republicans.

美國總統唐納德特朗普(Donald Trump)徵收鋼鋁關稅的計劃撼動了美國的政治體制，一些民主黨人意外表態支持，而一些共和黨人提出批評。

Hours after Mr Trump described the tariffs as “my baby” at a Pennsylvania rally, referring to EU cars as “the big money item” when it came to tariffs, he was given a measure of support by Elizabeth Warren, the Democratic Senator for Massachusetts.

特朗普在賓夕法尼亞州的一個集會上將鋼鋁關稅形容爲“我的寶貝”，並稱，就關稅而言，歐盟的汽車是“大錢項目”。幾小時後，他得到了馬薩諸塞州民主黨參議員伊麗莎白沃倫(Elizabeth Warren)的有限度的支持。

But Jeff Flake, a Republican senator from Arizona, said he planned to introduce legislation that would nullify Mr Trump’s planned tariffs, adding that Congress had used similar authority in the 1970s to block President Jimmy Carter’s tariffs on oil.

但是，亞利桑那州共和黨參議員傑夫弗萊克(Jeff Flake)表示，他計劃提交使特朗普的關稅計劃無效的法案，並補充說，國會在20世紀70年代曾使用類似的權力來阻止吉米卡特(Jimmy Carter)總統的石油關稅。

The EU has warned it could impose penalties on some 2.8bn of imported US goods, ranging from motorcycles to peanut butter, if the US follows through with imposing the tariffs on European steel and aluminium.

歐盟警告稱，如果美國真的對歐洲的鋼鐵和鋁徵收關稅，它可能會對大約28億歐元的進口美國商品（從摩托車到花生醬）實施報復。

“All these countries are calling up [and saying] ‘we don’t want the tariffs. What do we have to do’” Mr Trump said scornfully at the Pennsylvania campaign rally on Saturday, ahead of an election for a seat in the House of Representatives. “A lot of us come from the European ds nice. They kill us on have trade barriers. We can’t even sell our farming goods in there. They totally restrict us.”

“這些國家都打電話來，說‘我們不想要關稅。我們該做些什麼？’”特朗普上週六在賓夕法尼亞州的集會上輕蔑地表示；這個競選集會是爲一個衆議院席位的補選而舉行的。“我們當中有很多人來自歐盟……聽起來不錯。他們在貿易上要我們的命……他們有貿易壁壘。我們甚至不能在那裏出售我們的農產品。他們完全限制我們。”

Mr Trump continued: “They say: we want those tariffs taken off. I say: ‘Good. Open up the barriers and get rid of your tariffs and if you don’t do that we’re going to tax Mercedes-Benz. We’re going to tax BMW. You wanna have money come into our country”

特朗普繼續說：“他們說：我們希望那些關稅被消除。我說：‘好啊。那就打開壁壘，消除你們的關稅；如果你們不這樣做，我們將對梅賽德斯-奔馳(Mercedes-Benz)徵稅。我們將對寶馬(BMW)徵稅。你們想要送錢給我們國家嗎？”

Behind the scenes, EU representatives have been furiously working to push for exemptions to the tariffs, and have said they would continue their discussions next week. On Saturday, top EU and Japanese trade officials met their US counterparts in a discussion that was originally intended as a forum to discuss a joint approach to dealing with China, but evolved into a discussion about trade. The meeting failed to provide clarity on how countries can apply for carve-outs.

在幕後，歐盟代表在瘋狂地努力推動豁免關稅，並表示他們將在下週繼續討論。上週六，歐盟和日本的高級貿易官員會晤了美國同行，這個會議本來是要討論聯合對付中國的方式，但結果演變成了對彼此間貿易的討論。會議未能澄清各國如何申請例外對待的問題。

On Sunday, BMW and Daimler, Mercedes-Benz’s parent company, declined to comment.

寶馬以及梅賽德斯-奔馳的母公司戴姆勒(Daimler)週日拒絕發表評論。

Bernhard Mattes, president of the German Association of the Automotive Industry, suggested that a retaliatory strike by Mr Trump against German carmakers would be unwise.

德國汽車工業協會(Bernhard Mattes)主席伯恩哈德馬特斯(Bernhard Mattes)提出，特朗普對德國汽車製造商進行報復性打擊將是不明智的。

“The US president should consider that the mentioned German carmakers make a significant contribution to the US’s automotive trade an carmakers employ 36,500 people in the US, plus 80,000 jobs at German suppliers,” he said.

“美國總統應該考慮到，上述德國汽車製造商對美國的汽車貿易平衡做出了重大貢獻……德國汽車製造商在美國僱用3.65萬人，再加上德國供應商給美國帶來的8萬工作崗位，”他表示。

“If the tariffs should really hit Europe, we will have countermeasures,” Margrethe Vestager, the European Commissioner for Competition, told Bild am Sonntag. “We will not stand idle if somebody puts free global trade at risk.”

“如果這些關稅真的打擊歐洲，我們會採取反制措施，”歐盟競爭事務專員瑪格麗特維斯特格(Margrethe Vestager)告訴《週日圖片報》(Bild am Sonntag)。“如果有人把全球自由貿易置於風險之中，我們不會袖手旁觀。”

Additional reporting by Jim Brunsden in Brussels and Shawn Donnan in Austin, Texas

吉姆布倫斯登(Jim Brunsden)布魯塞爾和肖恩唐南(Shawn Donnan)得克薩斯州奧斯汀補充報道