中國醞釀淘汰汽油和柴油發動機汽車

A growing movement to eventually ban combustion engine cars has received a boost with a statement from China — the world’s largest car market — that it is studying such a move.

擁有世界最大汽車市場的中國表示，正在研究最終禁止內燃發動機汽車，從而使這股不斷髮展的全球趨勢得到一個提振。

Comments by a senior government official published on Sunday signalled that China might soon join the UK and France. Both countries recently announced they would prohibit the production of diesel and petrol cars by 2040.

週日見報的一名政府高官的言論表明，中國可能很快加入英國和法國的行列。英法最近宣佈到2040年將禁止生產柴油和汽油發動機汽車。

“Some countries have made a timeline for when to stop the production and sales of traditional fuel cars,” said industry vice-minister Xin Guobin in an article published by Xinhua, China’s official news agency.

“一些國家已經制訂了停止生產銷售傳統能源汽車的時間表，”在官方的新華社發表的一篇文章中，中國工信部副部長辛國斌表示。

“The ministry has also started relevant research and will make such a timeline with relevant departments. Those measures will certainly bring profound changes for our car industry’s development,” he said, predicting “turbulent” times ahead for the auto industry.

“目前工信部也啓動了相關研究，也將會同相關部門制訂我國的時間表，這些舉措必將推動我國汽車產業發展的環境和動力發生深刻變化，”他表示。他預測，汽車產業將迎來變革“劇烈的”時期。

Were China to adopt such a policy and provide a deadline, it would lend new force to efforts to end the reign of the internal combustion engine.

如果中國真的實行這樣的政策，制定最後期限，那將極大地推動有關終結內燃發動機霸主地位的努力。

China has the world’s largest automobile manufacturing base — producing 28m vehicles overall in 2016, according to the International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers. The figure includes commercial vehicles as well as cars and represents nearly 30 per cent of the world total of 94m last year.

國際汽車製造商協會(OICA)的資料顯示，中國擁有世界上最大的汽車製造基地，2016年總產量達到2800萬輛。該數字包括商用車和轎車，佔去年全球9400萬輛總產量的近30%。

Beijing is concerned about rising urban pollution, climate change and China’s dependence on imported foreign oil supplies, and has been encouraging the nascent new energy vehicle (NEV) industry with measures such as subsidies and easier access to car registration for NEV buyers.

北京方面擔憂越來越嚴重的城市污染、氣候變化以及中國對進口石油的依賴程度，並且在藉助補貼和讓新能源汽車更容易上牌等措施，鼓勵新能源汽車行業的發展。

The government also sees the advent of electric vehicles as a way to leapfrog global carmakers and secure a larger chunk of the car business for Chinese carmakers, which have never been particularly strong at making combustion engines. With 507,000 NEVs sold domestically in 2016, China leads the world as an electric vehicle market.

中國政府還認爲，電動汽車的問世是一個機會，可以使中國汽車製造商實現跳躍式發展，超越全球汽車製造商，並爭取到更多汽車業務。中國廠商在製造內燃發動機方面從未特別擅長。2016年，中國國內新能源汽車銷量達50.7萬輛，使中國成爲世界最大的電動汽車市場。

NEVs were recently identified as a priority by the Chinese industrial policy known as Made in China 2025, and the sector is one of 10 high-tech industries in which China wants to create national champions that will be globally competitive.

新能源汽車最近被列爲中國產業政策《中國製造2025》(Made in China 2025)的一個重點，該行業是中國想要締造具有全球競爭力的國家冠軍企業的十大高新技術產業之一。

China surpassed the US in 2009 to become the world’s biggest car market and has set the ambitious goal of reaching 7m annual NEV sales by 2025. Buoyed by generous subsidies and meteoric sales, more than 200 companies have announced their intention to make and sell NEVs in China.

中國在2009年超過美國，成爲世界最大汽車市場，並已制定了到2025年讓新能源汽車年度銷量達到700萬輛這一雄心勃勃的目標。在慷慨補貼和銷售火爆的激勵下，已有200多家公司宣佈有意在中國製造和銷售新能源汽車。

China’s government is also setting up a policy of carbon trading that will encourage NEV production, to be implemented as early as next year. This will require all carmakers to produce a quota of NEVs or buy carbon credits to compensate. Draft rules, part of an effort to jump-start the local production of electric vehicles, have been circulating but have yet to become law.

中國政府還正在制定鼓勵新能源汽車生產的碳交易政策，最快在明年就能實施。它將要求所有汽車製造商都生產一定配額的新能源汽車，或者購買碳排放額度作爲補償。作爲推動電動車本土生產的努力的一部分，相關規則草案已經流傳了一段時間，但尚未成爲法律。

Late last month, Reuters reported that China was likely to delay implementing these production quotas for electric vehicles, giving global automakers more time to prepare.

上月下旬，路透社(Reuters)曾報道稱，中國很可能推遲實施電動汽車生產配額制度，讓跨國汽車製造商有更多時間準備。