福爾摩斯探案經典:《恐怖谷》第3章Part1
Now for a moment I will ask leave to remove my own insignificant personality and to describe events which occurred before we arrived upon the scene by the light of knowledge which came to us afterwards. Only in this way can I make the reader appreciate the people concerned and the strange setting in which their fate was cast.
The village of Birlstone is a small and very ancient cluster of half-timbered cottages on the northern border of the county of Sussex. For centuries it had remained unchanged; but within the last few years its picturesque appearance and situation have attracted a number of well-to-do residents, whose villas peep out from the woods around. These woods are locally supposed to be the extreme fringe of the great Weald forest, which thins away until it reaches the northern chalk downs. A number of small shops have come into being to meet the wants of the increased population; so there seems some prospect that Birlstone may soon grow from an ancient village into a modern town. It is the centre for a considerable area of country, since Tunbridge Wells, the nearest place of importance, is ten or twelve miles to the eastward, over the borders of Kent.
About half a mile from the town, standing in an old park famous for its huge beech trees, is the ancient Manor House of Birlstone. Part of this venerable building dates back to the time of the first crusade, when Hugo de Capus built a fortalice in the centre of the estate, which had been granted to him by the Red King. This was destroyed by fire in 1543, and some of its smoke-blackened corner stones were used when, in Jacobean times, a brick country house rose upon the ruins of the feudal castle.
The Manor House, with its many gables and its small diamond-paned windows, was still much as the builder had left it in the early seventeenth century. Of the double moats which had guarded its more warlike predecessor, the outer had been allowed to dry up, and served the humble function of a kitchen garden. The inner one was still there, and lay forty feet in breadth, though now only a few feet in depth, round the whole house. A small stream fed it and continued beyond it, so that the sheet of water, though turbid, was never ditchlike or unhealthy. The ground floor windows were within a foot of the surface of the water.
The only approach to the house was over a drawbridge, the chains and windlass of which had long been rusted and broken. The latest tenants of the Manor House had, however, with characteristic energy, set this right, and the drawbridge was not only capable of being raised, but actually was raised every evening and lowered every morning. By thus renewing the custom of the old feudal days the Manor House was converted into an island during the night--a fact which had a very direct bearing upon the mystery which was soon to engage the attention of all England.
The house had been untenanted for some years and was threatening to moulder into a picturesque decay when the Douglases took possession of it. This family consisted of only two individuals--John Douglas and his wife. Douglas was a remarkable man, both in character and in person. In age he may have been about fifty, with a strong-jawed, rugged face, a grizzling moustache, peculiarly keen gray eyes, and a wiry, vigorous figure which had lost nothing of the strength and activity of youth. He was cheery and genial to all, but somewhat offhand in his manners, giving the impression that he had seen life in social strata on some far lower horizon than the county society of Sussex.
Yet, though looked at with some curiosity and reserve by his more cultivated neighbours, he soon acquired a great popularity among the villagers, subscribing handsomely to all local objects, and attending their smoking concerts and other functions, where, having a remarkably rich tenor voice, he was always ready to oblige with an excellent song. He appeared to have plenty of money, which was said to have been gained in the California gold fields, and it was clear from his own talk and that of his wife that he had spent a part of his life in America.
現在我把無關緊要的人物暫時放在一邊，先描述一下在我們到達發案地點以前所發生的事情，這是我們後來才知道的。只有這樣，我才能使讀者瞭解有關人物以及決定他們命運的奇特背景。
伯爾斯通是一個小村落，在蘇塞克斯郡北部邊緣地區，有一片古老的半磚半木的房屋，幾百年來一成不變，但近年來由於風景優美、位置優越，有些富戶移居此地，他們的別墅在四周叢林中隱約可見。當地認爲這些叢林是維爾德大森林的邊緣，大森林伸展到北部白堊丘陵地，變得越來越稀疏了。由於人口日益增長，一些小商店也就應需開設起來，因此，它的遠景已經顯然可見，伯爾斯通會很快從一個古老的小村落髮展成一個現代化城鎮。伯爾斯通是一個相當大的農村地區的中心，因爲離這裏十或十二英里遠近，向東延伸到肯特郡的邊區，有一個離這裏最近的重要城鎮滕布里奇韋爾斯市。
離村鎮半英里左右，有一座古老園林，以其高大的山毛櫸樹而聞名，這就是古舊的伯爾斯通莊園。這個歷史悠久的建築物的一部分興建於第一次十字軍東征時代，當時休戈·戴·坎普司在英王賜給他的這個莊園中心建立起一座小型城堡。這座城堡在一五四三年毀於火災。直到詹姆士一世時代，一座磚瓦房又在這座封建城堡的廢墟上修建起來，原來那座城堡四角所用的已被燻黑了的基石，也被利用上了。
莊園的建築有許多山牆和菱形小格玻璃窗，仍象十七世紀初它的建造者所遺留下來的那種樣子。原來用於衛護其富於尚武精神的先輩的兩道護城河，外河已經乾涸，被闢作菜園。那道內河依然存在，雖然現在只剩下幾英尺深了 ，但寬度卻還有四十英尺，環繞着整個莊園。有一條小河流經這裏，蜿蜒不絕，因此，水流盡管渾濁，卻從不象壕溝死水那樣不衛生。莊園大樓底層的窗戶離水面不到一英尺。
進入莊園必須通過一座吊橋。吊橋的鐵鏈和絞盤早已生鏽、毀壞。然而，這座莊園的新住戶具有獨特的精力，竟把它修復起來，這座吊橋不但可以吊起，而且實際上每天晚上都吊起來，早晨放下去。這樣就恢復了舊日封建時代的習俗，一到晚上，莊園就變成了一座孤島——這一事實是和即將轟動整個英國的這一案件有直接關係的。
這所房子已經多年沒有人住了，在道格拉斯買它的時候，已有荒廢坍塌成引人注目的廢墟的危險。這個家庭只有兩口人，就是約翰·道格拉斯和他的夫人。從性格和人品方面來說，道格拉斯是一個非凡的人。他年約五十，大下巴，面容粗獷，蓄着灰白的小鬍子，一雙特別敏銳的灰眼睛，瘦長而結實的體形，其健壯機敏絲毫不減當年。他總是喜氣洋洋、和藹可親。但是在他的舉止中，有點不拘禮儀，使人產生一種印象，似乎他曾體驗過遠遠低於蘇塞克斯郡社會階層的生活。
然而，儘管那些頗有教養的鄰居們以好奇而謹慎的眼光看待他，但由於他慷慨大方地捐款給當地一切福利事業，參加他們的煙火音樂會和其他盛大集會，加以他有着受人歡迎的男高音的圓潤歌喉 ，而且常常喜歡滿足大家的要求給人們唱一支優美的歌曲，所以道格拉斯很快便在村民中大得人心。他看起來很有錢，據說是從加利福尼亞州的金礦賺來的。從他本人和他的夫人的談話中，人們清楚地得知，道格拉斯曾在美國生活過一段時間。
