上下班時間長等於慢性自殺？
Stop us if you've heard this one before: long commutes are bad for your health. Some of the strongest recent findings in behavioral science have focused on the perils of a long ride to work. People with a lengthy commute show an increased amount of stress, get worse sleep, and experience decreased social interaction. A commute of 45 minutes carries such a cost to well-being that economists have found you have to earn 20 percent more to make the trip worth it.
如果你聽過這個說法，就讓我打住：上下班時間長對身體有害。最近的行爲科學研究有了些有力的發現，證明長時間的通勤時間會帶來各種危害。通勤時間長會使壓力增大，睡眠變差，社交活動減少。如果你每天的上下班時間要花掉45分鐘的話，那麼你要多賺五分之一的薪水才能彌補。
Broadly speaking, a long commute corresponded with several negative health outcomes. Poor sleep quality, exhaustion, and low general health were linked most strongly with lengthy commutes, though stress was apparent as well.
廣義而言，通勤時間長會給健康帶來多種負面影響。睡眠質量差、疲憊不堪、體質差，這些都與上下班時間長有很大的關係，當然還有壓力大也不例外。
One reason for the linear association among transit riders is most likely that longer transit rides often involve transfers. That not only increases the length of the trip but also its unpredictability (waiting for several different arrivals), its variability (some trips take much longer than others), and its potential for crowding — all factors that have been shown to increase the stress of the commute.
造成上述結果的原因之一可能是由於上下班時間長的人在途中可能需要換乘。換乘不僅會增加交通的時間，而且還增加了不可預測性（要等不同的班次），這種變化性（有些班次花得時間可能更長），還有潛在的擁擠情況，都增大了通勤途中的壓力。
