大學英語六級衝刺模擬題 第九套（含答案）上
Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
There are two methods of fighting, the one by law, the other by force; the first method is that of men, the second of beasts; but as the first method is often insufficient, one must have recourse to the second. It is, therefore, necessary for a prince to know well how to use both the beast and the man. This was covertly taught to rulers by ancient writers, who related how Achilles and many others of those ancient princes were given to Chiron the centaur to be brought up and educated under his discipline. The parable of this semi animal, semi human teacher is meant to indicate that a prince must know how to use both natures, and that the one without the other is not durable. A prince, being thus obliged to know well how to act as a beast, must imitate the fox, and the lion, for the lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox annot defend himself from wolves. Those that wish to be only lions do not understand this. Therefore, a prudent ruler ought not to keep faith when by doing so it would be against his interest, and when the reasons which made him bind himself no longer exist. If men were all good, this precept would not be good ; but as they are bad, and would not observe their faith with you, so you are not bound to keep faith with them. Nor have legitimate grounds ever failed a prince who wished to show colorable excuse for the nonfulfilment of his promise. Of this one could furnish an infinite number of examples, and show how many times peace has been broken, and how many promises rendered worthless, by the faithlessness of princes, and those that have best been able to imitate the fox have succeeded best. But it is necessary to be able to disguise this character well, and to be a great feigner and dissembler, and men are so simple and so ready to obey present necessities, that the one who deceives will always find those who allow themselves to be deceived.
21.The author of the passage does not believe that ____.
A) people can protect themselves
B) the truth makes men free
C) leaders have to be consistent
D) princes are human
22.The lion represents those who are ____.
A) too trusting B) strong and careful
C) reliant on force D) lacking in intelligence
23.The fox, in this passage, is ____.
A) admired for his trickery B) no match for the lion
C) pitied for his trick D) considered worthless
24.The writer suggests that a successful leader must ____.
A) be prudent and faithful
B) cheat and lie
C) have principle to guide his actions
D) tell the people the truth about his opponent
25.The writer would approve an unsuccessful political candidate ____.
A) gave up all his opportunities
B) promised to try again next time
C) overthrew the government by force
D) told the people the truth about his opponent
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
The forest from which Man takes his timber is the tallest and most impressive plant community on Earth. In terms of Man's brief life it appears permanent and unchanging, save for the seasonal growth and fall of the leaves, but to forester it represents the climax of a long succession of events. No wooded landscape we see today has been forest for all time. Plants have minimum requirements of temperature and moisture and, in ages past, virtually every part of Earth's surface has at some time been either too dry or too cold for plants to survive. However, as soon as climatic conditions change in favour of plant life, a fascinating sequence of changes occurs, called a primary succession.
First to colonize the barren land are the lowly lichens, surviving on bare rock.
Slowly, the acids produced by these organisms crack the rock surface, plant debris accumulates, and mosses establish a shallow root?hold. Ferns may follow and, with short grasses and shrubs, gradually form a covering of plant life. Roots probe even deeper into the developing soil and eventually large shrubs give way to the first trees. These grow rapidly, cutting off sunlight from the smaller plants, and soon establish complete domination—closing their ranks and forming a climax community which may endure for thousands of years.
Yet even this community is not everlasting. Fire may destroy it outright and settlers may cut it down to gain land for pasture or cultivation. If the land is then abandoned, a secondary succession will take over, developing much faster on the more hospitable soil. Shrubs and trees are among the early invaders, their seeds carried by the wind, by birds and lodged in the coats of mammals.For as long as it stands and thrives, the forest is a vast machine, storing energy and many elements essential for life.
26.What does the forest strike mankind as permanent?
A) The trees are in community.
B) The forest is renewed each season.
C) Man's life is short in comparison.
D) It is an essential part our lives.
27.What has sometimes caused plants to die out of the past?
A) Interference from foresters.
B) Variations in climate.
C) The absence of wooded land.
D) The introduction of new type of plants.
28.In a “primary succession', what makes it possible for mosses to take root?
A) The type of rock.
B) The amount of sunlight.
C) The amount of moisture.
D) The effect of lichens.
29.What conditions are needed for shrubs to become established?
A) Ferns must take root.
B) The ground must be covered with grass.
C) More soil must accumulate.
D) Smaller plants must die out.
30.Why is a “secondary succession” quicker?
A) The ground is more suitable.
B) There is more space for new plants.
B) Birds and animals bring new seeds.
D) It is supported by the forest.
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
Grandma Moses is among the most celebrated twentieth century painters of the United States, yet she had barely started painting before she was in her late seventies. As she once said of herself: “I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me.” No one could have had a more productive age.
She was born Anna Mary Robertson on a farm in New York State, one of five boys and five girls.(“We came in bunches, like radishes.”) At twelve she left home and was in domestic service until, at twenty seven, she married Thomas Moses, the hired hand of one of her employers. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. She had ten children, of whom five survived; her husband died in 1927. Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery pictures as a hobby, but only switched to oils in old age because her hands had become too stiff to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a fair, and were soon spotted by a dealer who bought everything she painted. Three of the pictures were exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930's and her death she produced some 2,000 pictures: detailed and lively portrayals of the rural life she had known for so long, with a marvelous sense of color and form. “I think really hard till I think of something really pretty, and then I paint it.”she said.
1.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A) Grandma Moses: A Biographical Sketch
B) The Children of Grandma Moses
C) Grandma Moses: Her Best Exhibition
D) Grandma Moses and Other Older Artists
32.According to the passage, Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to ____.
A) decorate her home
B) keep active
C) improve her salary
D) gain an international reputation
33.From Grandma Moses' description of herself in the first paragraph, it can be inferred that she was ____.
A) independent B) pretty
C) wealthy D) timid
34.Grandma Moses spent most of her life ____.
A) nursing B) painting
C) embroidering D) farming
35.In line 14, the word “spotted” could best be replaced by ____.
A) speckled B) featured
C) noticed D) damaged
參考答案見下頁~
備考推薦：六級強化衝刺班
參考答案
短文1大意
本文主要論述了人類鬥爭方式和野獸鬥爭方式的相同和異同之處。人類以法律、政治爲主要鬥爭方式而動物則採用力量型的鬥爭方式。在人類的鬥爭方式 當中又有智慧型和力量型兩種——“文鬥”與“武鬥”。一旦文鬥失敗，則會採取武鬥。出於政治目的，一個成功的領導人就要學會欺騙與說謊。
21. 答 案D。【參考譯文】本文作者並不認爲王子們屬於人這一類。【試題分析】本題考察對作者意圖的理解。【詳細解答】因爲作者認爲 by law是人類所用的鬥爭方式;by force是動物採用的鬥爭方式。而這些王子們只會the method of fighting by force，故D)是正確答案。
22. 答 案C。【參考譯文】獅子代表那些力量型的人。【試題分析】本題考察學生對明喻和隱喻的理解能力。【詳細解答】在這篇文章的第二段的開頭，在獅子與狐狸之間有一個鮮明的對比，獅子不能躲過陷阱，而狐狸逃脫不了被狼襲擊的命運，故我們能看出獅子是靠自己的力量。
23. 答 案A。【參考譯文】在本文中，狐狸的狡猾受到稱讚。【試題分析】本題考察對作者的意圖的理解能力。【詳細解答】第二段的開頭，作者也提到了狐狸能躲過陷阱和圈套，故狐狸在這篇文章中因爲有計謀而受到稱讚。
24. 答 案B。【參考譯文】作者提出，一個成功的領導人必須學會欺騙和說謊。【試題分析】本題爲推理判斷題，需從上下文的含義中找答案。【詳細解答】從這篇文章的第二段的後半部分我們能夠推斷出 B)乃此題之答 案。因爲一個成功的領導人必須具備兩手：欺騙與說謊。
25. 答 案C。【參考譯文】作者會贊成一個不成功的政治候選人會用武力推翻政府。【試題分析】本題爲推理判斷題，需根據作者意圖去推斷出答案。【詳細解答】從這篇文章的主題來看，是“文鬥”或是“武鬥”，對一個落選的政治家來說，文鬥已經失敗，而只能退而求其次，採取 the struggling method by force也就是要推翻政府，故選C)。
短文2大意
本文主要敘述人與自然的生態關係，地球上的森林是經過千百萬年演變而存活下來的人類生態環境。那些我們今天所看到的光禿禿的大地過去曾是茂密的 森林。植物的生長與氣候密切相關，一旦氣候變得惡劣，植物便會滅絕。如果人類一味地亂砍亂伐，墾田開荒，那麼地球上的生態環境就會遭到破壞，生物鏈就要發生改變。
26. 答 案C。【參考譯文】森林對人類的衝擊在什麼方面是永久性的 ?【試題分析】本題爲一般理解題，需要在字裏行間找答 案。【詳細解答】在這篇文章的第一段的第二句話，可以找到 C)是正確答 案。
27. 答 案B。【參考譯文】有時候是什麼造成從前的植物滅絕 ?【試題分析】本題考察對上下文的理解，需從字裏行間找答 案。
【解答要領】第二段中，作者提到了氣候是植物生長的基本條件，而氣候一旦變得惡劣，植物可能會滅絕。
28. 答 案D。【參考譯文】在“初級演”中，什麼使苔蘚生根成爲可能 ?【試題分析】本題爲一般閱讀理解題，需從段落的字裏行間中找答案。【詳細解答】第三段的第二句話中，作者提到了首先能在岩石上生存的植物是 lichen(地衣)，然後在地衣生長之後，由於地衣的影響才能使moss(苔蘚))的生長成爲可能。
29. 答 案C。【參考譯文】灌木穩固生長需要什麼條件 ?【試題分析】同上。
【解答要領】在第三段的中間，只有在長過苔蘚之後草木和 shrub(灌木)才能生長，因爲已經固定相當一部分土壤，有利於植物生長，故選C)。
30. 答 案A。【參考譯文】爲什麼“第二次演替”較快 ?【試題分析】同上。【詳細解答】從第四段的中間，我們可以看出，根本的原因乃是土壤較爲適宜。
短文3大意
本文主要描述了 Grandma Moses的簡略自傳和她的藝術生涯。她一生勞作，同時又把畫畫作爲自己的第二生命，其目的是爲了使自己保持活力，培養情趣，促進健康。她這種鍥而不捨的精神帶來了意想不到的藝術效果。
31. 答 案A。【參考譯文】本文的最佳標題是什麼 ?【試題分析】本題考察學生對整篇文章的綜合概括能力。【詳細解答】整篇文章都是關於 Grandma Moses簡略的自傳和她的藝術生涯，故應選 A項作本篇文章的標題。
32. 答 案B。【參考譯文】根據短文所述， Grandma Moses開始學畫畫是因爲她想保持活力。【試題分析】本題爲一般推理題，需要從字裏行間找答 案。【詳細解答】在這篇文章的第一段中，曾經引用她的一句話：“ I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me.”所以她畫畫的目的是爲讓自己多活動，而非其它原因。
33. 答 案A。【參考譯文】從第一段 Grandma Moses的自述中可以推斷出她具有獨立性。【試題分析】本題爲判斷分析題，需要根據關鍵詞語進行推斷。【詳細解答】在第一段中的那句話，可以看出來，她有 very strong sense of independence.故選A)。
34. 答 案D。【參考譯文】 Grandma Moses把大部分時間花在耕作上。【試題分析】本題爲一般理解題，只要仔細閱讀，很容易從字裏行間找到答 案。【詳細解答】在第二段中間一句話“… They farmed almost of their lives…”，可以看出她一生中大部分時間用於farming。
35. 答 案C。【參考譯文】文章第十七行中的單詞“ spotted”的最佳替代詞是什麼?【試題分析】此題爲語義測試題。【詳細解答】根據上下文可以看出她的作品被那個商人發現並注意到她的藝術價值，故選 C)。
備考推薦：六級強化衝刺班
