係爲他殺 梵高之死的驚人真相

The true nature of Vincent van Gogh’s death continues to be a topic ripe for mystery – after a leading forensics expert has claimed that the artist was murdered.

在一位法醫學專家聲稱畫家文特森•梵高是被謀殺之後，梵高之死的真相繼續成爲了謎團解密的熱門話題。

The Sunflowers painter died an agonising 29 hours after taking a bullet to the abdomen in a wheat field near Paris in 1890. On his death bed he apparently revealed he had shot himself.

1890年，這位向日葵畫家在陷入持續苦悶的29小時之後，於巴黎近郊的麥田裏朝腹部開槍自殺。臨終時分在牀上，他說是他朝自己開了槍。

However, Dr. Vincent Di Maio, an expert on gunshot injuries, has said that he be believes the wound was “not self-inflicted”.

然而，槍傷專家文特森•迪馬尤博士認爲這傷口“不是自己造成的”。

According to Vanity Fair, Di Maio, who was a key witness at the George Zimmerman trial, said that it was highly likely that Van Gogh “did not shoot himself”.

根據《名利場》雜誌的說辭， 迪馬尤——這位喬治齊默爾曼試驗的關鍵目擊者聲稱梵高很有可能“沒有朝自己開槍”。

He made the claim in response to a request by Steven Naifeh and Gregory White Smith, whose biography of Van Gogh disputes the long-held suicide theory.

這是他對於史蒂芬•奈芬和喬治•懷特•史密斯請求的迴應。奈芬和史密斯的梵高傳記對於一直以來梵高自殺理論的主張提出了爭議。

In Van Gogh: The Life, a 960-page book published in 2011, the Pulitzer Prize-winning authors claim that the artist had been shot, possibly accidentally, by a couple of boys and that he had decided to protect them by accepting the blame.

在2011年出版的960頁的《梵高的一生》中，普利策的獲獎作家們表示：這位畫家很有可能是被兩個男孩出於意外射殺的；爲了保護他們，畫家選擇抗下責任。

American academic John Rewald had talked of hearing local rumours about such a theory in the 1930s.

在20世紀30年代，美國學者約翰•瓦爾德曾表示聽過該理論的當地傳聞。

But Naifeh and Smith were attacked for publishing their theory and in 2013 Louis van Tilborgh and Teio Meedendorp published a critical review in the Burlington Magazine, which reiterated the suicide narrative.

但是奈芬和史密斯這套理論的出版受到了攻擊，且在2013年，路易斯•範蒂爾博赫和提奧•梅登多普在《伯靈頓》雜誌中發表評論，重申了自殺論調。

Following this, Naifeh and Smith asked Di Maio to compare the two accounts and put forth his opinion.

由此，奈芬和史密斯請求迪馬尤比較兩者說法並提出自己的見解。

Van Tilborgh and Meedendorp wrote that the son of the attendant physician at Van Gogh’s death bed, Paul Junior, said Van Gogh’s wound had a “brown and purple haloaround [it].”

範蒂爾博赫和梅登多普寫道， 保羅二世——這位梵高臨終牀邊醫師隨從的兒子說過，梵高的傷口周圍有一圈“棕色和紫色的暈”。

According to the authors, this meant “the gun must have been fired at very close range … and was caused by the bullet’s impact.”

根據作者們所言，這意味着“開槍範圍肯定是近距離的……而且是子彈衝擊的影響。”

But Di Maio said: “In fact, [the purple halo] is subcutaneous bleeding from vessels cut by the bullet and is usually seen in individuals who live awhile.

但是迪馬尤說道：“事實上，（紫色的暈圈）是子彈中傷血管後皮下流血造成的，而且常見於中槍後還留有一口氣的死者。”

“Its presence or absence means nothing.”

“它存不存在並不能說明問題。”

Meanwhile, he said the brown ring is “an abrasion ring and seen around virtually all entrance wounds”.

與此同時，他說道棕色的暈圈是“擦傷暈圈，並且幾乎所有傷口入口都有”。

Di Maio also said that if Van Gogh did shoot himself there would have been “soot, powder tattooing and searing of the skin around the entrance”.

迪馬尤也聲稱：如果梵高沒有自己開槍射殺自己，那麼傷口入口就該是“被煤煙弄髒，出現粉末的紋身樣，且入口處的皮膚是灼傷的”。

He said: “These would have been grossly evident. None of this is described [in any of the forensic accounts]. This indicates the muzzle was more than a foot or two away (closer to two rather than one).”

他說：“這些本該是充分的證據。但沒有一條在任何法醫學條目中被描述出來。這說明了開槍點距離一英尺或者兩英尺以外（更有可能是兩英尺）。”

In conclusion he said: “It is my opinion that, in all medical probability, the wound incurred by Van Gogh was not self-inflicted. In other words, he did not shoot himself.”

在結論中他說道：“我的見解是這樣的，在所有醫學的可能性中，梵高的傷口不是自己造成的，換而言之。他沒有朝自己開槍。”

However, it may take more than Di Maio to sway academic opinion.

然而，要去撼動學術界的觀點，有了迪馬尤的支持還遠遠不夠。

A curator at the Van Gogh Museum told Naifeh and Smith in an email. “I think it would be like Vincent to protect the boys and take the ‘accident’ as an unexpected way out of his burdened life.

梵高博物館的館長在一封郵件中告知奈芬和史密斯，“我覺得很有可能文特森他爲了保護男孩們，把這次意外當作自己不堪重負的一生所意想不到的終結。“

“But I think the biggest problem you’ll find after publishing your theory is that the suicide is more or less printed in the brains of past and present generations and has become a sort of self-evident truth. Vincent’s suicide has become the grand finale of the story of the martyr for art, it’s his crown of thorns.”

“但是我認爲你們會發現一個大問題：你們出版了自己的理論後會發現，自殺論或多或少已在過去人的腦海中根深蒂固了，並且通過代代相傳成爲了某種意義上不言而喻的事實。梵高的自殺已成爲藝術殉道之路上偉大的終章，這是他的荊棘之冠。”