雙語該儘早懂得的道理
在當下這個時代，煽情得如同打雞血一樣的“成功”到處氾濫，着實令人反感。試問，我們能不能用樸實的語言，平實的方法定義成功，獲得成功呢?接下來，小編給大家準備了雙語該儘早懂得的道理,歡迎大家參考與借鑑。
But sometimes I wish that I had known some of things I have learned over the last few years a bit earlier. That perhaps there had been a self-improvement class in school. And in some ways there probably was.
但有時仍恨不能早點懂得這些年所體悟出的道理，在學校課堂上能學到如何自我提升就好了。可能還真有這類課程吧。
Because some of these 16 things in this article a teacher probably spoke about in class. But I forgot about them or didn't pay attention.
本文中的一些道理可能某位老師也曾在課上講過，可惜，不是讓我拋在腦後就是自己正巧溜號去了。
Some of it would probably not have stuck in my mind anyway. Or just been too far outside my reality at the time for me to accept and use.
其實，有的道理我當初很難領會，有的對我而言又太不切實際，根本消化不了。
But I still think that taking a few hours from all those German language classes and use them for some personal development classes would have been a good idea. Perhaps for just an hour a week in high school. It would probably be useful for many students and on a larger scale quite helpful for society in general.
不過我仍認爲，如果學校能在那些大塊的德語課中拿出幾個小時，開課教授自我提高的話，會是個很不錯的想法，中學裏可能每週只需一小時。這樣不僅對學生大有裨益，對整個社會也是有好處的。
So here are 16 things I wish they had taught me in school (or I just would like to have known about earlier).
下面的16個道理，我希望當初能在學校裏學到，或者自己能夠早些懂得：
1. The 80/20 rule.
1. 二八定律
This is one of the best ways to make better use of you. time. The 80/20 rule – also known as The Pareto Principle – basically says that 80 percent of the value you will receive will come from 20 percent of your activities.
掌握這條法則就能夠合理優化地利用時間。二八定律(又稱帕累托法則)簡言之，就是80%的收穫源於20%的付出。
So a lot of what you do is probably not as useful or even necessary to do as you may think.
所以，你所做的未必有你想象的那麼重要
You can just drop – or vastly decrease the time you spend on – a whole bunch of things.
很多事情根本不必去做，或是隻用一點點時間就夠了。
And if you do that you will have more time and energy to spend on those things that really brings your value, happiness, fulfilment and so on.
如果你能遵循二八定律，就會有更多氣力投入到那些能帶來幸福感與成就感的有意義的事情上。
2. Parkinson's Law.
2. 帕金森定律
You can do things quicker than you think. This law says that a task will expand in time and seeming complexity depending on the time you set aside for it. For instance, if you say to yourself that you'll come up with a solution within a week then the problem will seem to grow more difficult and you'll spend more and more time trying to come up with a solution.
你的做事速度可以比你想象的更快。帕金森定律表述的是：爲完成某件事預定的時間越長，所需的時間就越長，讓人覺得難度也在增加 。打個比方，你告誡自己要在一週內找到解決某事，可這件事到時就變得越來越複雜，結果讓你花去了越來越多的時間 。
So focus your time on finding solutions. Then just give yourself an hour (instead of the whole day) or the day (instead of the whole week) to solve the problem. This will force your mind to focus on solutions and action.
故此我們應集中精力去解決問題。如果完成目的只需一小時，就不要用一天時間，如果只需一天，就不要用一週時間，以此強迫自己專注於行動。
The result may not be exactly as perfect as if you had spent a week on the task, but as mentioned in the previous point, 80 percent of the value will come from 20 percent of the activities anyway. Or you may wind up with a better result because you haven't overcomplicated or overpolished things. This will help you to get things done faster, to improve your ability to focus and give you more free time where you can totally focus on what's in front of you instead of having some looming task creating stress in the back of your mind.
這樣的效果或許不如用一週時間的效果那麼理想，但是前文告訴我們，80%的收穫源於20%的付出。由於事情得以簡化，或許最終結果還能更理想。運用帕金森定律不僅可以提高辦事效率，加強專注度，還能節省時間以便解決當務之急，而不會讓事情堆在腦後，讓人焦慮。
3. Batching.
3. 批量做事
Boring or routine tasks can create a lot of procrastination and low-level anxiety. One good way to get these things done quickly is to batch them. This means that you do them all in row. You will be able to do them quicker because there is less "start-up time" compared to if you spread them out. And when you are batching you become fully engaged in the tasks and more focused.
日常瑣事易讓人拖拖拉拉，產生煩躁。有一記妙招，就是迅速批量地做事，也就是說把這些事情一起做完。由於壓縮了準備時間，所以這樣就比一件件分開做來得更快，而且可以使人更投入。
A batch of things to do in an hour today may look like this: Clean your desk / answer today's emails / do the dishes / make three calls / write a grocery shopping list for tomorrow.
平日裏可在一小時內一起完成的事，舉例：清理書桌、回郵件、刷碗、打上三個電話、列好明天的購物清單。
4. First, give value. Then, get value. Not the other way around.
4. 先付出，再索取，切莫顛倒
This is a bit of a counter-intuitive thing. There is often an idea that someone should give us something or do something for us before we give back. The problem is just that a lot of people think that way. And so far less than possible is given either way.
這個道理有一點悖離人的直覺，人們總覺得別人應該先給予，然後自己再回饋。問題在於有太多的人都是這麼想的，而且這種好事很難發生。
If you want to increase the value you receive (money, love, kindness, opportunities etc.) you have to increase the value you give. Because over time you pretty much get what you give. It would perhaps be nice to get something for nothing. But that seldom happens.
金錢、感情、友善、機遇這些你所享有的東西，索取的越多，要付出的便越多。時間流轉，你的付出必有所獲。未經付出便可索取看似美妙，實則是不可能的。
5. Be proactive. Not reactive.
5. 以積極主動爲榮，以消極怠惰爲恥
This one ties into the last point. If everyone is reactive then very little will get done. You could sit and wait and hope for someone else to do something. And that happens pretty often, but it can take a lot of time before it happens.
這條與上一條有關。被動消極，難成一事，原地不動，指望別人，倒是有會有人來做，不過到那時大把的時間已經浪費掉了。
A more useful and beneficial way is to be proactive, to simply be the one to take the first practical action and get the ball rolling. This not only saves you a lot of waiting, but is also more pleasurable since you feel like you have the power over your life. Instead of feeling like you are run by a bunch of random outside forces.
更有效的好方法是讓自己主動起來，第一個做出行動。這樣不僅免去了無謂的等待，還能使人心情愉悅，因爲你會發覺生活是把握在自己手中，而不是受外在力量的控制。
6. Mistakes and failures are good.
6. 失敗同樣寶貴
When you are young you just try things and fail until you learn. As you grow a bit older, you learn from – for example – school to not make mistakes. And you try less and less things.
人在年少時，願意不斷去嘗試，也不斷地遭到挫敗，才終有所獲。可隨着年紀的增長，比方說，你在學校裏學到了怎樣才能不犯錯，然後就不那麼願意嘗試新事物了。
This may cause you to stop being proactive and to fall into a habit of being reactive, of waiting for someone else to do something. I mean, what if you actually tried something and failed? Perhaps people would laugh at you?
這會讓原本積極主動的人變得消極怠惰，不敢當先。我想說，如果你真的去嘗試瞭然後失敗了，又能怎樣?周圍人會嘲笑是嗎?
Perhaps they would. But when you experience that you soon realize that it is seldom the end of the world. And a lot of the time people don't care that much. They have their own challenges and lives to worry about.
可能真的有人會嘲笑你。不過真當你體驗到了，就會發現那根本不是世界末日。何況別人哪會那麼在意，每個人都有不同的困擾，都要過自己的生活。
And success in life often comes from not giving up despite mistakes and failure. It comes from being persistent.
面對過失和挫敗不低頭不放棄，堅持不懈，纔是成功之道。
When you first learn to ride your bike you may fall over and over. Bruise a knee and cry a bit. But you get up, brush yourself off and get on the saddle again. And eventually you learn how to ride a bike. If you can just reconnect to your 5 year old self and do things that way – instead of giving up after a try/failure or two as grown-ups often do – you would probably experience a lot more interesting things, learn valuable lessons and have quite a bit more success.
我們小時候剛開始學自行車時，可能會一次次跌倒，摔破了膝蓋，還會抹眼淚。不過我們都會站起來擦乾眼淚，重新再騎，最終才學會了騎自行車。如果我們能找回5 歲時的自己，以那時的方式，而不像成人一樣，嘗試了幾次或者失敗過幾次就放棄，那麼我們多半可以經歷很多有意思的事，有很多寶貴的經驗，我們也能更成功。
7. Don't beat yourself up.
7. 切莫妄自菲薄
Why do people give up after just few mistakes or failures? Well, I think one big reason is because they beat themselves up way too much. But it's a kinda pointless habit. It only creates additional and unnecessary pain inside you and wastes your precious time. It's best to try to drop this habit as much as you can.
爲什麼有人會在經歷幾次失敗之後就放棄了呢?我認爲一個主要原因就是他們太輕視自己了。這種沒有意義的行爲只會帶來不必要的痛苦，讓時間白白溜走，這個毛病還是越早改掉越好。
8. Assume rapport.
8. 假想與別人的關係
Meeting new people is fun. But it can also induce nervousness. We all want to make a good first impression and not get stuck in an awkward conversation.
與人交往是很有趣的，不過難免也會緊張發怵。我們都想給人留下良好的第一印象，沒人願意尷尬地說不出話。
The best way to do this that I have found so far is to assume rapport. This means that you simply pretend that you are meeting one of your best friends. Then you start the interaction in that frame of mind instead of the nervous one.
我發現最管用的一招就是假想與別人的關係，就是說，你先當成是和一個好朋友在一起，然後再抱着這樣的心態和他接觸，就不會緊張了。
This works surprisingly well. You can read more about it in How to Have Less Awkward Conversations: Assuming Rapport.
這招效果出奇地好，具體可以看我的這篇博文。
9. Use your reticular activation system to your advantage.
9. 充分利用網狀激活系統
I learned about the organs and the inner workings of the body in class but nobody told me about the reticular activation system. And that's a shame, because this is one of the most powerful things you can learn about. What this focus system, this R.A.S, in your mind does is to allow you to see in your surroundings what you focus your thoughts on. It pretty much always helps you to find what you are looking for.
在學校裏我學過人體構造，組織器官這些知識，但是我從沒聽說過"網狀激活系統"。真是遺憾啊，因爲這絕對是你所能掌握的一大利器。人通過大腦的網狀激活系統可以在紛繁的外部環境中見到心中所想，所以我們才總能找到要找的東西。
So you really need to focus on what you want, not on what you don't want. And keep that focus steady.
所以記得時常提醒自己：始終注視着你所追求的東西。
Setting goals and reviewing them frequently is one way to keep your focus on what's important and to help you take action that will move your closer to toward where you want to go. Another way is just to use external reminders such as pieces of paper where you can, for instance, write down a few things from this post like "Give value" or "Assume rapport". And then you can put those pieces of paper on your fridge, bathroom mirror etc.
若想專注去做重要的事，並向目標一步步前進，就該給自己立下目標，定期回顧。還可以用周圍的事物提醒自己，比如在紙上寫下幾行字， 然後貼在冰箱上、浴室鏡子上等等。
譯註："網狀激活系統"被普遍地看作是維持"一般清醒"或"意識"狀態的神經系統。人在某種程度上可以根據自己的意志控制自身的意識狀態。
10. Your attitude changes your reality.
10. 態度改變現實
We have all heard that you should keep a positive attitude or perhaps that "you need to change your attitude!". That is a nice piece of advice I suppose, but without any more reasons to do it is very easy to just brush such suggestions off and continue using your old attitude.
我們都聽到過要保持積極心態，或者"你得好好端正態度!"云云此類。這種建議是不錯，不過如果沒有找不出什麼理由的話，很容易讓人拋在腦後，又走上自己的老路。
But the thing that I've discovered the last few years is that if you change your attitude, you actually change your reality. When you for instance use a positive attitude instead of a negative one you start to see things and viewpoints that were invisible to you before. You may think to yourself "why haven't I thought about things this way before?".
但是我這幾年才發現，如果態度改變了，生活也會隨之改變。比如說，原本心態消極的人如果變得積極了，那他通過新視角就會發覺過去的盲區，或許還會埋怨自己："我怎麼早沒這麼想過呢!"
When you change your attitude you change what you focus on. And all things in your world can now be seen in a different light.
態度改變了，視角就隨之變化，你眼中的世界也就因此而改變。
This is of course very similar to the previous tip but I wanted to give this one some space. Because changing your attitude can create an insane change in your world. It might not look like it if you just think about it though. Pessimism might seem like realism. But that is mostly because your R.A.S is tuned into seeing all the negative things you want to see. And that makes you "right" a lot of the time. And perhaps that is what you want. On the other hand, there are more fun things than being right all the time.
很明顯這和上一個道理很像，但我得多着點筆墨，因爲人在態度改變後可能會大有不同。如果只是憑空地想一想或許不見得如此。悲觀心態看似很現實，只不過是由於"網狀激活系統"令你只能看到所有悲觀負面的事物，並且還總覺得自己是"正確的"，或許這也正是你所想要的。那換個說法吧，生活中的樂趣態度了，怎能只作一個永遠"正確"的悲觀主義者呢?
If you try changing your attitude for real – instead of analysing such a concept in your mind – you'll be surprised.
假若你真能試着改變自己的態度，而不僅僅是在心裏盤算一下，那麼你肯定會大吃一驚的。
You may want to read more about this topic in Take the Positivity Challenge!
有興趣的可以讀讀這篇文章：《你敢讓自己擁有積極的心態嗎》
11. Gratitude is a simple way to make yourself feel happy.
11. 常懷感恩之心是擁有快樂的最簡單途徑
Sure, I was probably told that I should be grateful. Perhaps because it was the right thing to do or just something I should do. But if someone had said that feeling grateful about things for minute or two is a great way to turn a negative mood into a happy one I would probably have practised gratitude more. It is also a good tool for keeping your attitude up and focusing on the right things. And to make other people happy. Which tends to make you even happier, since emotions are contagious.
總有人會教導我們要懂得感恩，也許是因爲這麼做有道理，也許是因爲我們只得如此。不過，如果有人告訴我，感恩可以使人改善情緒，不再消沉，那我肯定照辦。學會感恩不僅能使人積極向上，把心用在正地方;還能爲別人帶來快樂，而且因爲彼此間情緒也會互相傳染，你也會更開心快樂。
12. Don't compare yourself to others.
12. 不與別人作比較
The ego wants to compare. It wants to find reasons for you to feel good about yourself ("I've got a new bike!"). But by doing that it also becomes very hard to not compare yourself to others who have more than you ("Oh no, Bill has bought an even nicer bike!"). And so you don't feel so good about yourself once again. If you compare yourself to others you let the world around control how you feel about yourself. It always becomes a rollercoaster of emotions.
人就喜歡和別人比，這樣自我感覺才能良好("我有新車嘍!")。但難免會碰到自己比不過的人("靠，比爾買的車比我的好看!")，自我評價就沒有那麼高了。如果總是和別人比來比去，外界環境就決定了你的感受，情緒纔會起伏不定。
A more useful way is to compare yourself to yourself. To look at how far you have come, what you have accomplished and how you have grown. It may not sound like that much fun but in the long run it brings a lot more inner stillness, personal power and positive feelings.
更好的辦法是和自身作比較，纔看得見個人的進步與成績。這麼做看上去沒什麼意思，但堅持下去就能會讓自己心境平和，有助提升個人能力，保持積極心態。
13. 80-90% of what you fear will happen never really come into reality.
13. 你擔心害怕的事情，十之八九不會成真
This is a big one. Most things you fear will happen never happen. They are just monsters in your own mind. And if they happen then they will most often not be as painful or bad as you expected. Worrying is most often just a waste of time.
你擔心的事大多不會成爲現實，恐懼不過是你的心魔罷了。即便真的發生了，也不會有你想象的那麼痛苦不堪。無謂的憂慮無非是在浪費時間。
This is of course easy to say. But if you remind yourself of how little of what you feared throughout your life that has actually happened you can start to release more and more of that worry from your thoughts.
確實，這話說起來很容易，可你如果好好回想一下，過去所擔心的事又有多少真的發生了呢，別再杞人憂天了。
14. Don't take things too seriously.
14. 凡事別太較真
It's very easy to get wrapped up in things. But most of the things you worry about never come into reality. And what may seem like a big problem right now you may not even remember in three years.
人總是容易因爲小事牽扯過多的精力，而實際上不過是杞人憂天而已。現在你認爲至關重要的大事在幾年後都成了浮雲。
Taking yourself, your thoughts and your emotions too seriously often just seems to lead to more unnecessary suffering. So relax a little more and lighten up a bit. It can do wonders for your mood and as an extension of that; your life.
情緒、想法這類事如果太較真的話，就會個自己帶來不必要的煩惱和痛苦。如果能放輕鬆一點，凡事別太較真，人的心境就會大有不同，生活自然也會隨之改變。
15. Write everything down.
15. 好記性不如爛筆頭
If your memory is anything like mine then it's like a leaking bucket. Many of your good or great ideas may be lost forever if you don't make a habit of writing things down. This is also a good way to keep your focus on what you want. Read more about it in Why You Should Write Things Down.
希望你的記性千萬不要和我一樣，像個大漏勺。如果沒有養成隨時記錄的好習慣，很多好想法可能就永遠地"遺失"了。這個習慣還能使人專注於要做的事，詳情請看：《我們爲什麼要記錄》。
16. There are opportunities in just about every experience.
16. 凡事皆有機遇
In pretty much any experience there are always things that you can learn from it and things within the experience that can help you to grow. Negative experiences, mistakes and failure can sometimes be even better than a success because it teaches you something totally new, something that another success could never teach you.
可以這麼說，凡事我們都可以從中得到啓發，幫助自己成長。有時挫敗甚至比勝利更有價值，因爲失敗中往往蘊含着全新的東東，而僅僅從勝利中是無法得到的。
Whenever you have a "negative experience" ask yourself: where is the opportunity in this? What is good about this situation? One negative experience can – with time – help you create many very positive experiences.
遭受挫敗時，問下自己：能不能從中覓得機遇?能不能得到什麼啓發?真正讀懂一次失敗漸漸可以帶來多次勝利。
What do you wish someone had told you in school or you had just learned earlier in life?
你又有什麼道理是恨不能早點知道的呢?
