瘋了！丹麥銀行推出世界首例負利率貸款

在瑞士的銀行存錢不但沒有利息拿，存得多的還要支付高額年費，這意味着存款將越存越少；在丹麥的銀行貸款買房子，居然無需付利息，銀行還要倒貼錢，這世界是怎麼了？

A Danish bank has launched the world’s first negative interest rate mortgage – handing out loans to homeowners where the charge is minus 0.5% a year.

一家丹麥銀行推出了世界首例負利率按揭貸款——房貸年利率爲-0.5%。

Negative interest rates effectively mean that a bank pays a borrower to take money off their hands, so they pay back less than they have been loaned.

負利率的意思是，銀行付錢讓借貸者使用資金，貸款人還的錢比借的錢還少。

Jyske Bank, Denmark’s third largest, has begun offering borrowers a 10-year deal at -0.5%, while another Danish bank, Nordea, says it will begin offering 20-year fixed-rate deals at 0% and a 30-year mortgage at 0.5%.

丹麥第三大銀行日德蘭銀行已經開始向借貸者提供年利率爲-0.5%的十年期貸款，而另一家丹麥銀行諾底亞銀行將開始提供固定年利率爲0%的20年期貸款和年利率爲0.5%的30年期貸款。

Under its negative mortgage, Jyske said borrowers will make a monthly repayment as usual – but the amount still outstanding will be reduced each month by more than the borrower has paid.

日德蘭銀行稱，申請負利率貸款的借貸者將如常支付月供，但餘下貸款每月扣除額將多於每月還款額。

outstanding['aʊt'stændɪŋ]: adj. 未償付的

"We don’t give you money directly in your hand, but every month your debt is reduced by more than the amount you pay,” said Jyske’s housing economist, Mikkel Høegh.

日德蘭銀行的房產經濟學家米克歐·赫格說：“我們不會直接把錢給你，但每個月你的債務減少額會高於你的還款金額。”

The mortgage is possible because Denmark, as well as Sweden and Switzerland, has seen rates in money markets drop to levels that turn banking upside-down.

這種貸款之所以可行，是因爲在丹麥、瑞典、瑞士這些國家，貨幣市場的利率降幅已經讓銀行業務出現“倒掛”。

Høegh said Jyske Bank is able to go into money markets and borrow from institutional investors at a negative rate, and is simply passing this on to its customers.

赫格說，日德蘭銀行能夠以負利率從貨幣市場和機構投資人那裏借到錢，現在只不過是將這種借款方式用於銀行客戶。

But the flipside is that savers will see nothing paid in interest on their deposits – and may also suffer as they go negative.

不過有利就有弊，儲戶將發現自己的存款毫無收益，如果變成負利率的話存款甚至會減少。

flipside: n. 另一面；反面

In Switzerland, the bank UBS last week told its wealthy clients that it would introduce a charge of 0.6% a year if they deposited more than €500,000.

在瑞士，瑞士聯合銀行上週告訴有錢的客戶說，如果他們的存款超過50萬歐元（約合人民幣392萬元），將收取0.6%的年費。

In Denmark, interest rates on savings deposited in Jyske have already fallen to zero. Now banks in Denmark are thinking of following Switzerland and moving to negative rates on deposits.

在丹麥，日德蘭銀行的存款利率已經降到了0。現在丹麥的銀行正考慮跟隨瑞士的腳步，對存款實行負利率。

"Right now, for deposits we don’t have a negative interest rate. But discussions are ongoing at the very highest level. It’s just that no bank here wants to be the first mover into negative deposit rates,” said Høegh.

赫格說：“目前我們沒有對存款實行負利率。不過最高層正在對此進行討論。問題在於沒有哪家銀行願意成爲第一個吃螃蟹的人，率先實行存款負利率。”

While the Bank of England’s base rate is 0.75%, and the European Central Bank’s main rate is zero, in Denmark (which is not in the eurozone) the equivalent rate is -0.4%.

目前英格蘭銀行的基本利率爲0.75%，歐洲中央銀行的主要利率爲0，而不在歐元區內的丹麥相應的利率爲-0.4%。

In reality, the Jyske mortgage borrower in Denmark is likely to end up paying back a little more than they borrowed, as there are still fees and charges to pay to compensate the bank for arranging the deal, even when the nominal rate is negative.

事實上，即使名義利率爲負數，丹麥日德蘭銀行的借貸者最後償還的金額還是會比貸款金額高一點，因爲要向銀行支付交易服務費作爲補償。