俄媒爆料改革內幕 稱普京計劃恢復“克格勃”

Russian President Vladimir Putin Reportedly Planning Reforms to Effectively Resurrect KGB
俄媒爆料改革內幕 稱普京計劃恢復“克格勃”

President Vladimir Putin is planning a major restructuring of the country’s security services that would effectively mean a rebirth of the KGB, according to a report in the Russian media.
據俄羅斯媒體報道，俄羅斯總統弗拉基米爾·普京計劃重點重建國家安全服務，這意味着俄羅斯將恢復克格勃（KGB，蘇聯安全委員會）。

Respected business paper Kommersant quoted anonymous officials as saying that a new body called the “Ministry for State Security” would be established before Russia’s 2018 presidential elections that, in its powers and roles, appears to closely resemble the Soviet-era KGB.
備受尊重的商業媒體《生意人報》引用未署名的信息源稱，俄羅斯將在2018年總統大選之前建立一個全新的機構即國家安全部，其職權與地位幾乎與蘇聯時期的克格勃相近。

The new body would be known by the acronym “MGB.”
新機構的縮寫爲“MGB”。

The reforms would restore most of the KGB’s functions to its successor service, the FSB, while also returning the foreign intelligence gathering to the same body, according to the newspaper.
從該報獲知，此次改革將恢復克格勃的大部分職能給其繼任部門聯邦安全局（FSB），同時恢復外交情報收集工作。

The result would be a single powerful security structure, sitting at the heart of the state’s enforcement machinery, much as the KGB once did in the Soviet Union.
最終，俄羅斯將會出現一個單一的強大的安全機構，處於整個國家執行機構的核心，這和蘇聯時期克格勃的作用非常相似。

Significantly, the changes would grant the new ministry powers not only to conduct criminal investigations but also give it procedural oversight over cases run by Russia’s other law enforcement bodies. At the same time, Russia’s top investigative bodies that now oversee political trials would see their powers sharply reduced and transferred to the MGB. The measures would make the body the most powerful security structure in the country.
更重要的是，這一改革將賦予新成立的國家安全部更多權力，其將負責刑事調查以及監督其他執法機構。同時，俄羅斯目前監督政治審判的最高調查機構的權力將大幅減少，移交給國家安全部。這一舉措將使其成爲該國最具權力的安全機構。

“If before we were just providing support to investigation, then now we’re being tasked with managing their progress from the moment that criminal charges are brought to their transfer to court,” an anonymous FSB operative told Kommersant.
“如果之前我們只是協助調查監督，而現在我們負責管理其從刑事指控到移交給法庭的進程，”聯邦安全局的一名匿名工作人員告訴《生意人報》。

The Kremlin has yet to comment on the report. Officials in the agencies that would see their powers curtailed told Kommersant they were not aware of the proposals.
俄羅斯政府也不得不就此報道發表評論。機構官員的權力將受到制約，他們告訴《生意人報》其並未意識到此提議。

The plan was conceived some months ago and ought to be fulfilled in time for the 2018 elections, according to Kommersant’s sources. But the chief obstacles now were finding the budget to afford the reforms, which would require huge redundancy payments, as well the need to pass laws authorizing them, the sources said.
據《生意人報》消息得知，此計劃於幾個月之前提出，應於2018年大選開始前實現。但目前最大的困難是爲改革尋找資金，這將需要大量的解僱金，還需要通過法律授權，消息人士稱。

Parliamentary elections on Sunday delivered Putin’s ruling party a decisive majority, meaning the legislative body is unlikely to offer much opposition to the project.
週日的議會選舉中普京代表的執政黨佔決定性多數，也就是對此計劃立法機構不太可能提出太多反對意見。

The KGB, or the “Committee for State Security,” was disbanded in 1991 after the Soviet Union fell, and replaced by the FSB, a greatly reduced body with many of the KGB’s responsibilities dispersed among different agencies.
克格勃或“國家安全委員會”於1991年在蘇聯解體後遭解散，聯邦安全局取而代之，成爲一個權力大減的機構，克格勃的許多權力分散於不同機構。

The KGB remains synonymous with spying and political repression. It administered the U.S.S.R’s police state, operating mass surveillance and persecuting dissidents, but also overseeing many of the country’s key institutions. Putin himself worked as an spy for the KGB in East Germany, and later headed the FSB before becoming president.
克格勃仍然是間諜和政治壓迫的代名詞。其管理前蘇聯警察國家、進行羣衆監督、迫害持不同 政見者，但也監督許多國家重要機構。普京曾作爲間諜在東德爲克格勃效力，在成爲總統之前爲聯邦安全局局長。

When the U.S.S.R. fell, much of the popular anger against it was directed specifically against the KGB as the keystone of Soviet oppression. The suggestion that the Kremlin is planning to restore it, almost in name, will prompt alarm among some that Putin is working to re-establish the core architecture of the Soviet authoritarian state.
蘇聯解體時，民衆大都十分憤怒，具體來說是直接反對克格勃這一壓迫蘇聯民衆的關鍵機構。俄羅斯政府計劃恢復克格勃，甚至在名字上也十分相近，這將造成全國恐慌，普京正在重建蘇聯集權國家的核心架構。