關於牙齒的十大趣聞(下)

Lennon's Tooth

5.約翰·列儂（披頭士樂隊主唱）的牙齒

Michael Zuk isn't your average dentist. This Canadian has filled plenty of cavities, but when he isn't pulling teeth Zuk is busy working on an odd experiment that involves John Lennon's tooth. How did a dentist from Alberta get his hands on one of Lennon's pearly whites? In the 1960s, John gave his rotten molar to his housekeeper, a woman named Dot Jartlett. He thought it would be a nice gift for her Beatlemaniac daughter, and the tooth stayed in the Jartlett family until 2011 when they sold it for over $30,000.

邁克爾·祖克不是你想象中平平常常的牙醫。這個加拿大人已經填補過很多顆牙齒，在他不忙着補牙的時候，他就忙於有關約翰·列儂牙齒的奇怪實驗。一個亞伯達省的牙醫是如何得到列儂珍珠似的白牙的呢？在20世紀60年代，約翰把他一顆脫落的磨牙交給了他的女管家，一個叫Dot Jarlett的女人。他想這顆牙齒對她那個非常喜愛披頭士樂隊的女兒來說會是一件很好的禮物，這顆牙齒一直被收藏在Jarlett的家裏，直到2011年他們以超過3.3萬美金的價格賣掉它。

The buyer was Michael Zuk, and he had some very weird plans. He's used the tooth to draw attention to mouth cancer and even let his sister use a fragment for her sculpture of Lennon's head. However, his ultimate goal is to clone the rock star. Zuk has allegedly teamed up with a group of scientists who've begun sequencing Lennon's DNA. If all goes according to plan, the singer will make his big comeback in 2040. Only this time Zuk will make sure Lennon stays away from "drugs and cigarettes."

這個買家就是邁克爾·祖克，他有些很奇怪的計劃。他利用這顆牙齒來吸引人們對於口腔癌的關注，並且讓他的妹妹將牙齒碎片應用到列儂頭部的雕像上。然而，他最終目的是克隆出一個搖滾明星。據稱祖克已經組織起一批科學家來測定列儂的DNA序列。如果一切按計劃進行，那麼這個歌星將在2040年東山再起。只不過這一次祖克將確保列儂遠離吸毒、吸菸等不良嗜好。

Incredibly Creepy Jesus Statue

4.令人難以置信、毛骨悚然的耶穌像

Visit any Catholic church and you're bound to spot an icon of Jesus or the Virgin Mary. Most of these statues are made out of wood or plastic, but if you take a little trip to San Bartolo Cautlalpan, a small town outside Mexico City, you'll find a figurine that's a little more lifelike than the rest.

參觀任何一個天主教堂，你一定會看到耶穌和聖母瑪利亞的雕像。這些雕像大部分是用木材或塑料做成的，但如果你去聖巴託羅，這是墨西哥市周邊的一個小鎮，你會看到一個無比逼真的小雕像。

In early 2014 experts from Mexico's National Institute of Anthropology and History were restoring an icon of Christ known as "The Lord of Patience." This 3'8" wooden statue depicts Jesus moments before his crucifixion, sitting down and staring into the sky. Dating back to the 18th century, this statue was scheduled to undergo restoration, but when researchers started X-raying the piece they noticed something extremely odd about its teeth — they had roots. Upon closer examination, the researchers found that the Lord of Patience was fully equipped with eight human teeth, and judging by the size they were probably removed from a healthy adult. But why would anyone put real teeth inside a wooden statue? Well, perhaps it was a way of scoring points for the afterlife. Back in the day, believers would offer up hair clippings to make wigs for icons. Researchers believe that a faithful churchgoer probably yanked out a few spare ivories as a way of proving his or her devotion to God. That brings a whole new level to the Biblical "tooth for a tooth" business.

在2014年年初，來自墨西哥國家人類學和歷史研究所的專家們正在修補一幅取名"主的耐心"的聖像。這個3尺8的木質小像描繪了耶穌接收磨難前的情景：端坐着凝望天空。在18世紀時，這個雕像就被計劃進行修復，但是當研究員們用X射線掃描雕像碎片時，他們注意到它的牙齒有些奇怪：它們竟然有根。通過進一步的檢測，研究者們發現這個名叫"主的耐心"的聖象擁有8顆人類的牙齒，通過大小判定這些牙齒很可能是從一個健康成人那裏移植過來的。但是爲什麼會有人要把真牙放進這個木質小像裏呢？也許這是轉世的一種方式。那之後，信徒們甚至會把頭髮減下來做成雕像的頭髮。研究員們相信在當時一個忠實的基督教徒甚至可以一把拽出他的牙齒來證明他對主的忠誠。這帶動了當時牙齒交易的全新發展。

Boy With 232 Teeth

3.擁有232顆牙齒的男孩

Ashik Gavai was a seventeen-year-old Indian boy in a lot of pain. The right side of his jaw was swelling up like a balloon, and the local doctor didn't know what to do. Worried the culprit was cancer, his parents took the boy to a team of specialists in Mumbai. Once they started poking around inside his mouth the doctors made an incredible discovery.

Ashik Gavai是一個17歲的印度男孩，忍受着很大的痛苦。他的右半下頜腫得像個氣球，當地醫生束手無策。父母擔心可能是癌症，於是帶他去孟買看專家。當醫生們在他的嘴巴里搗鼓時發現了一個令人難以置信的事。

Ashik was suffering from a complex composite odontoma. A benign tumor was growing on the teenager's jaw and essentially turned Ashik's gums into a tooth factory. Over a seven hour operation, doctors removed 232 "pearl-like" teeth from the boy's mouth. The four surgeons even discovered a "marble-like" brick and were forced to use a hammer and chisel to break it apart. Hopefully the doctors removed every rogue tooth in Ashik's mouth. If not, there's a chance the odontoma might return. At least there's a bright side to this macabre little tale — the world record for tooth removal from an odontoma is thirty-seven, so perhaps Ashik might get his name into Guinness.

Ashik患的是一種複雜的牙瘤病。這個良性腫瘤生長在這個少年的下巴里，基本上使得他的牙齦成爲了生產牙齒的工廠。7個小時的手術後，醫生從他的嘴巴里拿出了232顆珍珠般的牙齒。4個外科醫生髮現那個牙瘤如大理石般堅固，於是不得不使用錘子和鑿子把它撬開。好在醫生們摘除了Ashik嘴巴里的每一顆壞牙。如果不摘除乾淨，牙瘤很有可能復發。不過至少這個可怕的事情也有好的一面——從牙瘤中摘除的牙齒數量的世界紀錄是37——所以，Ashik的名字可能會刷新世界紀錄。

Man With A Tooth In His Nose

2.牙齒長進鼻子裏的人

Nose bleeds are pretty common. In fact, three out of five people will suffer from "epistaxis" before they die. But if you're experiencing nose bleeds once or twice a month, then there might be a problem. A twenty-two-year-old man was getting tired of constantly having to shove cotton balls up his nose, and after having multiple nosebleeds over three years he finally went to see his doctor. What the physician found was kind of horrifying.

鼻子出血最常見不過了。事實上，在死之前，有五分之三的人遭受過鼻出血。但如果你鼻子出血是一月一次或者兩月一次，那可能就有問題了。一個22歲的男子厭倦了不斷地拿棉球塞鼻子，在忍受了三年不間斷鼻出血後，他終於去看了醫生。醫生的發現讓人震驚。

There was a tooth growing in the man's left nostril. It was about one centimeter long and had erupted through the floor of his nasal cavity. Surgeons were able to remove the tooth without any problems, but why was it there in the first place? Well, about 0.15% to 3.9% of people in the world actually have spare teeth. Known as mesiodentes, these extra chompers turn around and grow the wrong way, occasionally popping up inside the nose. It's kind of disgusting, but at least it's understandable. But sometimes our genes get screwed up, and then things get really freaky. Take the case of Doug Pritchard. Back in 1978, Pritchard was a normal 13 year old kid living in North Carolina when his foot started to hurt. He put up with the pain for several weeks, but when he couldn't take it anymore he went to the doctor… who found a tooth growing in his foot. Sounds like a bad horror movie.

在他的左鼻孔裏竟然長了一顆牙齒。這顆牙齒從鼻腔底部長出來，大約有1釐米長。外科醫生可以輕而易舉地把牙齒取出來，但問題是這顆牙齒爲什麼會長在那兒？事實上在這個世界上大約有0.15%~3.9%的人會長出多餘的牙齒。就像楔形牙這些牙齒翻身長錯了位置，陰差陽錯地就長進了鼻子裏。這聽着有些噁心，但至少還可以理解。但有時候我們的基因出錯了，然後事情就變得奇怪了。舉一個名叫道格•普理查德的例子。1978年，當普理查德的腳開始疼痛時，他還是一個生活在美國北卡羅來納州的13歲健康男孩。他忍受了幾個星期的疼痛後終於忍無可忍去看了醫生，居然發現有顆牙齒長在他的腳上。這聽起來簡直就像恐怖片。

h-Eye Surgery

1.以牙換眼術

We'll end with one of the craziest surgeries ever invented by man. In 2009, Martin Jones was a forty-two-year-old man who'd never seen his wife. Years before his wedding day he'd been blinded by an explosion of molten aluminum, but a corneal specialist named Christopher Lui promised to restore his vision with a radical operation known as modified osteo-odonot-keratoprosthesis (MOOKP). And it involved Martin's front tooth.

我們將以一個人類有史以來發明的最瘋狂的外科手術來結束這篇文章。2009年，馬丁·瓊斯是一個從來沒有見過他妻子長什麼樣的42歲男人。在婚前幾年，他就因爲被噴濺出的熔融鋁灼傷眼睛而失明，但是一個叫克里斯多佛的角膜專家告訴他可以採取改良骨齒人工角膜移植術（MOOKP）手術來恢復他的視力。這個手術會用到他的前牙。

After removing one of his canines, doctors drilled a small hole in the tooth and placed a lens inside. Next, they stitched the tooth into his cheek, allowing it to develop vessels and tissue before sticking the canine into Jones' right eyeball. With the new lens firmly in place Jones could suddenly see everything, including his wife's face. Despite its effectiveness, MOOKP isn't used much in the United States. American surgeons prefer a technique known as Boston Keratoprosthesis, which involves a prosthetic cornea. However, later in 2009 a team of doctors at the University of Miami became the first surgeons to perform the MOOKP operation in the U.S. The patient was a woman named Sharron Thornton who'd lost her vision due to a condition known as Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Thanks to one of her teeth and some mucus-filled cheek tissue, today Ms. Thornton can see everyone and everything around her.

在取出他的尖牙後，醫生在牙齒上面鑿了一個小洞，並將一個透明管放置進去。接下來再把這顆牙齒移植到瓊斯的右眼之前，醫生們先把這顆牙齒縫進了口腔裏，讓它生長血管和組織。等到這個全新的透明管被移植過去時，瓊斯突然就能看到任何東西了，包括他妻子的臉。儘管有其療效，但這項技術在美國並沒有被廣泛應用。美國的外科醫生更傾向於波士頓人工角膜，它利用的是人造角膜。然而，在2009年的晚些時候，邁阿密大學的一個醫療團隊在美國首次實施改良骨齒人工角膜移植術。這個病人是一個叫莎倫•桑頓的女人，她因爲史蒂文斯•約翰遜綜合症而失明。多虧了她的牙齒和一些充滿粘液的頰部組織，現在桑頓女士可以看見她周遭的一切人和事。

翻譯：燕子 來源：前十網