美語訓練班第30課:怎麼用美語說"衣着暴露"?
A:美語訓練班上課啦! 我是楊琳！
B:我是Kat! 楊琳，今天教什麼呢？
A:今天咱們要去海邊衝浪, 要去看一場糟糕的情侶約會，要談談出席社交活動的禮儀, 還要告訴大家怎麼用美語說“小心眼兒”。
B:聽着不錯！
A:Of course！不過節目一開始，咱們還是先來學個詞兒！
Learn A Word #1373 like-minded
今天我們要學的詞是like-minded. Like-minded is spelled l-i-k-e-m-i-n-d-e-d, like-minded. Like-minded, 意思是想法和目標相同的。維基解密的創始人阿桑奇頻頻登上新聞頭條。He founded WikiLeaks with a group of like-minded people in 2006. 他在2006年與一羣志向相似的人共同創辦了維基解祕。Occupy Washington protesters encourage like-minded people to join them on the street. 佔領華盛頓的示威者們邀請跟他們目標一致的人加入他們的行列。The speed dating agency brings like-minded single people together for social events. 這家速配機構給志同道合的單身男女創造社交的機會。好的，今天我們學習的詞是like-minded, like-minded, like-minded.
A:like-minded志趣相投的，If you want to start a business, you'd better find a like-minded partner. 如果想做買賣，最好找個志趣相投的合夥人。 這樣說對不對？
B:That's correct. But if you really want to make a wise decision, you should listen to all kinds of opinions, including those that are different from your own.
A:對，兼聽則明嘛，如果只聽和自己看法一樣的意見，那就可能會出現group thinking──羣體性思維，也就是單一固定的思維模式。
B:Exactly. Don't brush off other people's ideas. They may be good, even if they are different from yours.
A:對，在下面的"美國習慣用語"中，咱們就來教這個brush off.
Words and idioms 948 Brush off
女:各位聽衆，現在播送<美國習慣用語>第 948講。我是楊琳。<美國習慣用語>
M:我是 Douglas Johnson.
女:我有個朋友最近想買車，她看中了一輛敞篷車，可是這車的車評並不好。我給她看了關於這輛車耗油和需要維修的車評，可她竟然聽都不聽，就想買這輛車！忽略這些可是買車的大忌，這也讓我想到一個習慣用語，那就是:
M:Brush off. Brush is spelled b-r-u-s-h, and off, o-f-f. Brush off.
女:Brush是刷的意思，Brush off, 刷掉，引伸出來就是“忽略，不理睬”的意思。上面的例子中， My friend shouldn't BRUSH OFF the poor ratings of the convertible. 我朋友不應該忽略這輛敞篷車很差的車評。在下面的例子裏，這對夫婦可真不應該忽略檢查人員給他們的忠告！到底發生了什麼呢? 我們來聽一聽:
M:"The homeowners were told by inspectors that they ought to move their home further from the river. Instead, they went ahead with plans to add a second story. When a terrible storm hit a year later, the river flooded. And the house was destroyed. If the couple hadn't BRUSHED OFF those safety warnings, they wouldn't have lost their property."
[這段話是說: 檢查人員告訴屋主說，他們應該把屋子建在離河邊更遠的地方。但是屋主非但沒有聽取這個意見，還又加蓋了第二層。一年之後下了一場暴雨，河水上漲淹沒了房屋。如果這對夫婦沒有忽略那些安全警告，他們也許不會失去自己的財產。]
女:俗話說，小心使得萬年船，千萬不能忽略任何可能發生的危險隱患。不過有的時候，又要有主見，不能人云亦云，受別人影響。比如我有個好朋友，是個服裝設計師，特有才，但是剛開始創業的頭幾年，很多人都說她肯定不會成功，好在，She brushed off all the bad reviews. 她對這些負面評論根本不予理睬，結果纔有了今天。好了，我們再來聽聽剛纔那段話:
M:"The homeowners were told by inspectors that they ought to move their home further from the river. Instead, they went ahead with plans to add a second story. When a terrible storm hit a year later, the river flooded. And the house was destroyed. If the couple hadn't BRUSHED OFF those safety warnings, they wouldn't have lost their property."
女:誰都希望有個體貼，疼你的丈夫或者男朋友，不過啊，可不是每個人都那麼幸運。要是碰上下面例子裏的這位Phil，可就倒黴嘍! 我們來聽聽看Phil是個什麼樣的人:
M:"Phil hasn't had many steady girlfriends. That's because they don't like the way he treats them. After a couple of nice dates, he expects them to always be available for him. Yet he rarely makes the effort to return their calls or text messages. Why should they want to stay with a guy who BRUSHES them OFF? "
[這段話是說: 菲利普一直沒有什麼穩定女友，這是因爲她們都不喜歡他對待她們的方式。幾次約會之後，他就認爲這些女孩子應該隨叫隨到，可他自己卻很少儘快回她們的電話或短信。爲什麼要跟一個經常忽略自己的人在一起呢?]
女:這些女孩子做得對！不值得跟一個整天不把自己當回事的人在一起。大家可能已經發現了，這句話中說 Phil often brushes them off. Brush somebody off, 就是忽略某人的意思。比如，I've been telling my husband to see a dentist for his bad teeth, but he keeps brushing me off. 我讓我老公趕緊去看看那顆爛牙，可他卻把我的話當耳邊風。好了，我們再來聽聽剛纔那段話:
M:"Phil hasn't had many steady girlfriends. That's because they don't like the way he treats them. After a couple of nice dates, he expects them to always be available for him. Yet he rarely makes the effort to return their calls or texts. Why should they want to stay with a guy who BRUSHES them OFF? "
女:各位聽衆，今天我們學習的習慣用語是brush off，意思是“忽略，不理睬”。好的，這次[美國習慣用語]就到此結束。
A:我有個做生意的朋友，他創業的時候，大家都不看好他，都勸他放棄，but he brushed off all the pessimistic buzz, and stayed focused on the business.最後人家還真成功了！
B:Good for him!
A:而且他很大度，知道那些當初勸他放棄生意的人也是出於好心，所以沒有嫉恨這些人。
B:He has a big heart!
A:對！心胸開闊，不小心眼兒！
B:what's 心眼兒？
A:啊？這個還真不好解釋，大概就是thoughtfulness, 或者consideration for others.
B:So小心眼兒就是lack of consideration for others?
A:差不多！聽聽下面的“美語怎麼說”，你就更明白了！
How to say it:petty
Jessica 在北京學漢語，她的中國朋友要是遇到了不知道用美語怎麼說的詞，就會來請教她。今天是吳瓊要問的：小心眼。
Jessica:吳瓊, are you coming to my birthday party tomorrow?
WQ:En...I'm afraid not.
Jessica:Why not? You're my best friend!
WQ:我不是不想去參加你的生日派對，可是你請了王貝貝，我可不想見她。
Jessica:Why? I thought you two were friends.
WQ:你不知道，兩年前，我們去唱K。 她走調了，我心直口快說了出來，結果她記仇，這兩年沒少說我壞話！太小心眼了！小心眼在英文裏怎麼說？
Jessica:You can say a person is petty. petty is spelled p-e-t-t-y, petty. It means narrow-minded and mean.
WQ:哦，petty 就是心胸狹窄，小心眼。You have no idea, Jessica, you don't know how petty she is. 她一定還在記仇, hold... hold... 記仇是 hold 什麼來着？
Jessica:hold a grudge. grudge is spelled g-r-u-d-g-e. hold a grudge 記仇。but 吳瓊, I don't think Beibei still holds a grudge against you.
WQ:Hmm, I don't know. 她表面上也和我過得去，but I think she still has a secret grudge against me! 她還在心裏暗暗記仇呢!
Jessica:Oh, come on! It's been two years! I'm sure she has gotten over it!
WQ:Get over it 就是“不再計較”的意思，對不對?
Jessica:Exactly. To get over it means to forget about it.
WQ:You know what, Jessica, you're right. 我決定明天去參加你的party! I want to show Beibei that I'm not a petty person and it's time for her to get over it, too.
Jessica:That's the spirit! Now let's see what you've learned today.
WQ:第一: 形容某人小心眼，用 petty;
第二: 記仇則是hold a grudge against someone;
第三: 不計較了，可以說 get over it;
B:Oh, 小心眼兒就是petty! 楊琳， did you know petty can also mean "small, trivial"?
A:知道。Petty也可以表示微小。比如，petty cash就是零錢。
B:That's right!
A:話說回來，我經常聽見男生抱怨，Oh, my girlfriend is petty sometimes! 我女朋友有時候心眼兒特小！I'tired of her petty jealousy. 她心胸狹窄的嫉妒真讓我煩惱。
B:Yeah. Guys complain about us, but they have to admit sometimes it's their fault!
A:對啊，怪女朋友愛生氣，心眼兒小，不如反省一下你們自己的行爲。
B:Exactly! Remember the terrible boyfriend who spent 1000 dollars on his own suit but only set a 20-buck budget for his girlfriend' birthday gift?
A:對！就是美語三級跳裏面的那個Kevin!說到他，今天咱們就來聽聽他的女朋友看到這些廉價的生日禮物會是什麼反應。
GoEnglish:Shopping (advanced)
各位聽衆，大家好！今天我們爲您播出“美語三級跳”節目“購物”單元的高級課程。
Professor:Christine and Kevin are dating, and today is Christine's birthday. Kevin bought himself a $1,000 suit so that he would look good for their special date, but then only had $20 left to spend on Christine's present. He has come to her apartment to give it to her.
MC:這件禮物肯定是Kevin去折扣店買的便宜貨。我估計，這次之後，他女朋友一定不會再理他了！
Professor:Well, let's listen and find out.
Christine:Wow, Kevin, you look amazing! What a nice suit! Is it new?
Kevin:That's right baby, it was a big sacrifice on my part because it cost $1,000, but I was willing to do it for you because I know you want your boyfriend to look good.
Christine:Hmm ... so you did something nice for me by spending $1,000 on yourself? That's an interesting way of looking at it... But never mind, let's go out for our dinner date.
Kevin:Wait a minute! Before we go out you should open your present. Something tells me you're going to want to wear it to the restaurant.
Christine:Alright!
MC:Kevin居然還敢把自己花1000塊買衣服的事拿來炫耀，可憐的Christine，一定以爲自己收到的是一份超級大禮。
Christine:Umm ... Kevin, what size do you think I wear?
Kevin:Well you know, I wasn't sure so I just kind of guessed. I didn't worry about getting the size exactly right because you look so great in everything.
Christine:Well do you think I'm really fat? This shirt is an extra-extra-extra large. This shirt would never fit me.
Kevin:Yeah, but that's why it was such a steal! They couldn't find anybody to buy it, so they had to lower the price to $8. But don't worry, I think baggy clothing is really popular right now.
Christine:I don't think I would call this clothing. This looks like a sail for a sailboat.
MC:啊？Kevin花8塊錢給Christine買了件沒人要的超超超大號襯衫！Christine說，這哪是衣服，簡直就是船帆！可Kevin居然還說，自己是撿了個大便宜！
Professor:That sounds more like a rip-off to me.
Christine:Alright Kevin ... thank you for such a lovely shirt ... But hey, it looks like you got me some really nice pants! Wow, are these Prada? Thanks!
Kevin:No problem. You know I spare no expense when I'm buying you things, right Christine?
Christine:Oh, you're the best boyfriend a girl ... wait a minute, one leg of these pants is longer than the other. Kevin, did you get me a pair of defective pants for my birthday?
Kevin:Well you don't think I could afford a real pair of designer pants, do you? A regular pair of designer pants would have put me back like $100. These pants cost only $11.
MC: 啊？沒想到，除了抹布襯衫，Kevin還準備了其它爛禮物!
Professor:Yes, he bought a pair of designer pants, but they were defective.
MC:對啊，雖然是designer pants——名牌褲子，但卻是defective——殘次品！褲腿不一邊長！Professor Bowman, Kevin 還說 put him back, 這是什麼意思呢？
Professor:To "put you back" means to cost you. For example, an expensive sports car will put me back $50,000.
MC:哦，put you back 意思就是 "花多少錢”。好，到現在爲止，Kevin的預算——20塊，已經花出去19塊了，剩下1塊錢，不知道他還買了什麼噁心的禮物！
Christine:Alright Kevin, there better be something really good at the bottom of this box. Otherwise you're going to be single in about 30 seconds.
Kevin:Don't worry, take a look.
Christine:Hmm... oh wow! This is such a cute hat. It totally makes up for all your other bad presents ... wait, there's a hole in it!
Kevin:But it's just a little hole! It was so cheap because somebody returned it and I thought ...
Christine:You got me a used hat? Well, Kevin, I hope you really like that suit, because you're going to need it to find a new girlfriend!
Professor:Ouch! It seems like Christine got really mad!
MC:那可不！要我說，Kevin是自作自受。
B:Yeah! Great finale!
A:呵呵，這一巴掌可夠解恨的！An unflattering shirt, a pair of defective pants and a hat with a hole in it! 這些禮物爛透了！
B:They are even worse when you compare them with Kevin’s fancy suit.
A:可不是，I don’t blame Christine for snapping.
B:Neither do I. 不過，說到買衣服，楊林，還記得black－tie event麼？
A:記得，就是特別正式的社交場合嘛！上次節目說參加這種活動,男士要穿tuxedo——燕尾服，女士要穿evening gown——晚禮服。不知道還有什麼別的要求麼？
B:Listen to today's business etiquette and you'll know!
Business Etiquette:black tie event II
Jim要去參加一次公司慶典活動，特別正式。他問同事Gary，參加這種社交活動有哪些注意事項。
J:Have you ever been to a black-tie event?
G:Twice actually... and to be honest, it was a bit boring both times.
J:Aside from the tuxedo is there anything else I need to wear or take with me?
G:I suggest keeping all other accessories to a minimum.
J:I see. Any other tips or suggestions?
G:Keep your eyes open and just sort of do what everybody else does. 't get drunk or talk too loud or draw any attention to yourself!
J:Okay, good points.
Gary說，自己參加過兩次這種要穿禮服打領結的 black-tie event, 覺得很無聊。他建議Jim, 最好 keep all other accessories to a minimum儘量少帶裝飾品，accessory is spelled a-c-c-e-s-s-o-r-y, accessory 是指手錶、手袋等飾物，他還告訴Jim, 睜大眼睛看別人怎麼做，特別要注意 don't get drunk 不要喝醉，don't talk too loud 說話聲音不要太大，don't draw any attention to yourself 不要讓別人注意到自己。
G:You and Henry are acting as representatives of the company so you're kind of like ambassadors.
J:Wow. Now I'm really stressed!
G:It's not that hard. Just be a good conversationalist and even more importantly, be a good listener. If someone makes a humorous remark, chuckle mildly; even if the comment isn't very funny. And remember, always smile!
Gary說，Jim跟Henry這次去參加晚宴，代表的是公司，you're kind of like ambassadors. 是公司使節。Jim聽後表示，壓力很大，Now I'm really stressed. Gary告訴他說，其實這項任務也不難完成，他們只要會聊天 be a good conversationalist，做個好聽衆就行了，別人講笑話，就算不好笑，也要chuckle跟着笑兩聲，臉上要隨時隨地保持笑容。
J:Can I rent the tux in New York?
G:Absolutely. Do some research before you go and find a good rental company. They will probably deliver it to your hotel. Make sure the tuxedo fits rwise; you can end up looking pretty silly.
J:How much should I expect to pay to rent a tux?
G:I'd say roughly $100. You could probably find some cheaper options, but you want to look good.
J:Thanks Gary... I really appreciate your help.
G:Not at all. It should be an interesting experience for you.
J:I hope so.
Jim想知道能不能到紐約去租tux, tux is spelled t-u-x, tux, tux是 tuxedo 的簡稱。Gary建議Jim事先查一下，找一家服務周到、能送貨上門的租賃公司，They can deliver it to your hotel. 他們可以把燕尾服送到 Jim下榻的旅店。Gary還建議Jim一定要穿上試試看，otherwise, you can end up looking pretty silly. 否則如果不合適的話，那你看上去會很傻的。Gary最後還告訴Jim, 燕尾服的租金應該在100美元上下。
A:這社交活動還真不輕鬆，聽見沒有，如果別人講了個笑話，就算笑話不好笑， 你也得笑兩聲，還得mildly，不能放肆地大笑！
B:No wonder Gary said black-tie events were boring.
A:對啊，This so-called party isn't fun at all. It's part of work.
B:So now let's take a break─Let's go surfing!
American sports English:surfing
P:I can't believe we are in Hawaii, Yang Chen!
Y:I can't believe it, either. 夏威夷的沙灘好美，我們是不是要在沙灘上曬太陽? Patrick, did you bring your bikini?
P:Let me check. Oh, wait. I don't wear bikini,. Yang Chen., could you be serious for just one moment?
Y:OK. I'm all serious.
P:I'm going to teach you how to surf. Look at the wave. The waves are huge─and just perfect for surfing!
Y:噢，你要教我衝浪。Surfing in Hawaii. Awesome!
P:So, Yang Chen... are you ready to try surfing?
Y:Yes. Aye aye, Captain! I'm ready to try surfing!
P:Let's take our surfboards out into the water and ride some waves, Yang Chen.
Y:Ok, here we go!
P:Not yet, Yang Chen. First, you lie down on your stomach on your surfboard and paddle with your arms out to where the waves are.
Y:Okay, lying down on my stomach, 爬在衝浪板上，paddle with my arms兩手向前滑。
P:I think this is far enough, Yang Chen.
Y:我會衝浪了! Surfing is soooooooo easy.
P:Well, to really surf you have to stand up on the surf board, while riding a wave. So, you still think it's easy?
Y:光爬着不行，還要站起來? Are you crazy, Patrick?
P:Not in the slightest, Yang Chen. That is what surfing is: Standing up on a surfboard and riding a wave.
Y:Well, you can try standing up on your surfboard and riding some waves, Patrick. But-- I'm staying right here! Michael Phelps will save me!
P:Aw, there is nothing to be afraid of, Yang Chen. Don't be a chicken. Bawk, Bawk, Bawk!
Y:I am NOT a chicken, Patrick. Look, I'm standing up! Patrick, see you later!
A:Stand up on a surfboard and ride the waves! 聽着可夠難的，我八成兒是學不會。
B:Come on! Have faith in yourself, Yanglin!
A:算了，我要是到了夏威夷，寧可去學跳草裙舞！
B:Hula dance? Not a bad choice!
A:那當然！好了，節目時間又到了，這次的撰稿人是曉北，編輯是蔚然。同學們，我們下次的美語訓練班再見!
B:Bye!
