主流政黨領導人被趕下臺 歐洲議會選舉引發各界"餘震"
The aftershocks of EU elections that saw a surge in support for anti-establishment parties rippled across Europe yesterday with mainstream party leaders losing their posts and a battle building over the bloc’s top job.
歐盟選舉的衝擊波昨日震盪歐洲各國，一些主流政黨領導人被趕下臺，圍繞歐盟最高職位的爭鬥開始激化。反體制政黨在這場選舉中支持率激增。The struggle over the EU’s future is due to be joined today, when leaders gather for dinner in Brussels to weigh the bloc’s new leadership. At least two prime ministers, Britain’s David Cameron and Hungary’s Viktor Orbán, were working to block the candidacy of veteran Brussels fixer Jean-Claude Juncker, Frontrunner for the EU’s most high-profile post.
圍繞歐盟未來的鬥爭今日將匯聚一處，各國領導人將在布魯塞爾共進晚餐，商討歐盟新領導層的人選。至少兩名領導人——英國首相戴維•卡梅倫(David Cameron)和匈牙利總理歐爾班•維克托(Viktor Orbán)——正試圖阻止歐盟資深斡旋者讓-克洛德•容克(Jean-Claude Juncker，見上圖)得到推選。容克目前是歐盟最引人注目職位的領先候選人。José Manuel Barroso, the outgoing European Commission president, told a European Central Bank conference in Portugal that he was “extremely concerned” by the rise in support for anti-European parties, calling the elections “the biggest stress test ever for European institutions”.
即將離任的歐盟委員會(European Commission)主席若澤•曼努埃爾•巴羅佐(José Manuel Barroso)在葡萄牙舉行的歐洲央行(ECB)會議上表示，他“非常擔心”反歐洲政黨的支持率上升，他形容這場選舉是“歐洲機構有史以來經受的最大壓力測試”。
Markets reacted calmly to the election result with the euro snapping a four-day losing streak to gain 0.2 per cent against the dollar. But the political fallout was building.
市場對選舉結果反應平淡，歐元止住了連續四個交易日的跌勢，兌美元匯率上升0.2%。但政治上的影響仍在發酵。Mr Juncker, who headed the ticket for Europe’s centre-right Christian Democrats, staked his claim yesterday to the commission presidency, insisting he should get the job because his group emerged as the largest in the new parliament, despite steep losses to anti-EU parties.
容克是歐洲中間偏右的基督教民主黨的候選人，昨日他宣佈參選歐盟委員會主席，堅稱應當由他出任此職，因爲支持他的政黨已成爲新一屆歐洲議會的最大黨派，儘管被反歐盟政黨奪去了很多席位。Projections showed Mr Juncker’s centre-right European People’s party losing 59 seats but retaining its lead with 213 of the chamber’s 751 members. “I’m not on my knees,” he said. “I won the election.”
預測顯示，支持容克的中間偏右的歐洲人民黨失去了59個席位，但保住了其在歐洲議會的領先地位，獲得751個席位中的213席。“我不需要乞求什麼，”他說，“我贏得了選舉。”But Mr Cameron, who has promised to take the UK to a referendum on EU membership if he wins elections next year, began calling fellow leaders in an attempt to block Mr Juncker.
但卡梅倫開始給歐盟各國領導人打電話，呼籲他們不要推選容克。英國首相已承諾，如果他贏得明年的英國大選，他將針對英國的歐盟成員資格舉行全民公投。The former Luxembourg prime minister insisted the EPP’s most important leader, German chancellor Angela Merkel, had reassured him of her support in two phone calls. But in Berlin, Ms Merkel appeared to give Mr Juncker only a tepid endorsement.
曾任盧森堡首相的容克堅稱，歐洲人民黨的最重要領導人、德國總理安格拉•默克爾(Angela Merkel)已在兩次電話通話期間表示支持他。但在柏林，默克爾似乎只是勉強地對容克表示支持。Mainstream parties continued to suffer the consequences of the anti-EU backlash, with the leader of Spain’s centre-left Socialists resigning after his party polled only 23 per cent, and Ireland’s deputy prime minister stepping down after his Labour party, the junior coalition partner, finished fifth.
主流政黨繼續遭受反歐盟情緒高漲的後果，西班牙中間偏左的社會黨的領導人辭職，該黨得票率僅達到23%；愛爾蘭副總理下臺，因爲他所在的工黨作爲執政聯盟中的較小夥伴，在選舉中得票率屈居第五。The surge of anti-establishment parties led to a scramble to rebuild anti-EU blocs in the parliament, with the two biggest populist groups – France’s National Front and Britain’s UK Independence party, which both secured 24 seats, making them the fourth largest in the assembly – vying for allies.
反體制政黨的人氣激增，促使這些政黨籌劃在歐洲議會裏重建反歐盟集團，兩大民粹主義政黨——法國的國民陣線(National Front)和英國的英國獨立黨(UKIP)——都在物色盟友。這兩個政黨都獲得24個席位，並列成爲歐洲議會中的第四大黨。
