初中英語詞彙短語辨析
初中英語詞彙，掌握它們，可以通過詞組辨析題。下面是本站小編給大家整理的初中英語詞彙短語辨析的相關知識，供大家參閱!
Spend take pay
pay 的主語必須是人: (sb) pay money for sth. / pay sth.;
spend的主語必須是人: (sb.) spend money/ sth./ in doing sth. 在......方面花錢或精力;
take 表示做某事花費多少時間, 其主語一般是 一件事 ; 有時也可以是人: It takes/ took sb. some time to do sth. 強調完成動作所花費的時間。
① It takes sb. some time to do sth.
It took him half an hour to finish his homework. 他花了半個小時完成家庭作業。 ② sb. spends some time/money on sth./(in) doing sth.
I spent thirty yuan on this book. 我三十元買了這本書。
She spent ten minutes (in) getting there. 她 10分鐘到達那兒。
③ sb. pays (some money) for sth.
He paid a lot of money for the building. 他買房子花了許多錢。
表“花費”的動詞中，還有一個，即cost:
cost 的主語必須是物或事: (sth.) cost(s) sb. money/life/health/time...;
This coat cost me eighty yuan. 這件上衣花了我80元。
初中英語詞彙短語辨析2on in at
介詞at表時間、表地點。
(1)at表示時間，用於鐘點前，用於時刻前，譯爲"在......時(刻)"。如：
at three/three o'clock 在三點。
at a quarter to six 六點差一刻。
at noon 在中午，at night 在夜晚， at midnight 在半夜
at breakfast/lunch/supper 在吃早飯/午飯/晚飯時
at this time of day 在每天這個時候
(2)at表示地點，一般用於較小的地名(方)前，譯爲" 在......"。如：
at home 在家，at the station 在車站
(3)at表示處於......狀態，譯爲"從事於......"。如：
at school 在上學，at work 在工作
【相關鏈接】at加名詞一般可與現在進行時態互換使用，表示正在進行的動作，試比較：They are at work./They are working.
小小介詞in，用途卻很多。可表時間，表地點，表手段、方法、材料。
(1)in表示時間，用於泛指一天的上午、下午、晚上等;用於某個較長的時間，如年、月、季節等。如：
in the morning/afternoon/evening在上(下午)或晚上，in 2003在2003年，in the day/daytime在白天
【相關鏈接】in還可以表示"從現在起一段時間以後"。如：
They will see you.in a week.他們將在一週後去看你。
另外，in和at都可以表示時間，但in表示較長的時間，而at 表示時間的某一點。例如：
He got up late in the morning and had a meal at noon.他早上起得晚，所以只吃午餐。
(2)in表示地點、場所，譯爲"在......裏"、" 在......中"。如：in the factory 在工廠，in the room 在房間裏，in the sun 在陽光下，in the middle of...在......的中央
【相關鏈接】in和at都可表示地點，而in表示的地點比at所表示的地點大。
(3)in表示用語言，用......材料。譯爲" 用......，以......方式"。如：in English用英語，in ink用墨水
(4)in表示穿戴的狀態，譯爲"戴着、穿着"。如：in the white shirt穿着白色的襯衫，in the cap戴着帽子
【相關鏈接】in表示"穿(戴)着"是介詞，指狀態，同wear 一樣。in後接表示服裝類的名詞或表示顏色的詞。如：
Kate is in a red skirt./Kate wears a red skirt.凱特穿着紅裙子。
介詞on表示時間、地點、方位等。
(1)on表示時間，用於星期、日期(包括該天的各部分)。如：on Sunday/Sundays，on Monday morning/afternoon/evening等。
on也用於某一日的名詞前，用於公共節假日前。如：
On New Year's Day 在元旦，on Children's Day 在兒童節等。
(2)on表示地點、位置，有"在......旁"、"接近"、"靠近"之意。如：
a house on the main road 臨大街的房子， sit on my right 坐在我的右邊
(3)on表示狀態，譯爲"處於......情況中，從事於......"等。如：
on duty 值日，on holiday 度假
(4)on表示"在......上面"，用在表示物體的名詞前。如：
on the box 在盒子上
【相關鏈接】on和over都是介詞，on表示"在...... 上面"，指一物體與另一物體表面相接觸;over表示"在......上方"，指一物體與另一物體不接觸。試比較：
There is a light on the desk.桌子上有盞檯燈。(light與desk接觸)
There is a light over the desk.桌子上方有一盞燈。(light與desk不接觸)
【特別提示】表示"在......上"，介詞on與in必須注意習慣用法，否則會出錯。不妨比較一番：
on the tree/in the tree都譯爲"......在樹上"。前者表示樹上本身所長着的葉子、花、果實等;後者表示某物或某人在樹上。
on the wall/in the wall都譯爲"在牆上"。由於介詞不同，在使用上有區別。圖畫、黑板、風箏等"在牆上"，是因爲它們在牆的表面上，故用on the wall;門窗、釘子、洞、孔等"在牆上"，是因爲它們在牆的裏面，故用in the wall。
初中英語詞彙短語辨析3Look和See
都是“看”的意思。look是不及物動詞，一般單獨使用，look at是及物動詞，後可接所看的事物，東西，see也是及物動詞，後可接所看的人，電影等。如：
a. look一詞單獨用時，表示 “看!”，通常要放在句首。如：
Look! There is a monkey in the tree. 看!樹上有一隻猴子。
b. look at表示要看具體的內容，如人或物。如：
Don’t look at me. Look at the blackboard, please. 不要看我，請看黑板。 c. see表示看的結果，即“看到;看見”。如：
Can you see the words on the blackboard? 你能看見黑板上的字嗎?
see也用於“看電影”這個詞組中，即：see a film
初中英語常用詞組辨析題1選用下列短語的適當形式填空。
be surprised at be angry with be made of be made for be famous for be amazed at be afraid of be fed up with be able to
be worried about be sorry for be fast asleep
children had a good time in the zoo. But they _______ the animals in the cages.
2.I used to eat a lot of meat. But now I _______________ it.
3.I _______________ the beautiful scenery in Xiamen. I really enjoyed myself when I was visiting the city.
Mei was born in the year of snake. But she _______________ snakes.
of us _______________ the news that Miss Gao won’t come to the evening party this Saturday.
se don’t _______________ me if I don’t go swimming with you.
! The baby _______________.
8.I found the dress which _______________ paper very strange.
said that she _______________ support her family since two years ago.
Green is ill in hospital. Everyone _______________ her.
初中英語常用詞組辨析2選用所給的詞組填空，每小題只能填一個詞組，每個詞組只能用一次。
on watch on display on the other hand neither … nor on foot on the left not…at all not only … but also on earth on time no matter no longer
1. Mr. Huang is _______________ our teacher _______________ our friend.
2. The old man _______________ lives here. He lives with his son in Canada.
3. Every day it takes me five minutes to go to school _______________.
4. The soldier was standing _______________ though it was snowing hard.
5. A new kind of car was _______________ in the shop.
6. ____________ Bill _______________ Jack knows how to spell the word “ heard ”.
7. She is going to be a singer _______________ what difficulties she met.
8. I think he is the luckiest man _______________.
9. He is clever, but _______________, he makes many mistakes.
10. Little John is ________ tall enough to touch it _______________.
初中英語常用詞組辨析3選用下列短語的適當形式填空。
fill … with play with begin with quarrel with agree with thanks to so far regard … as as well do their best throw about put away take away run away wash away keep from
more houses have been built for teachers in our city _______________.
2._______________ the teacher, we all did well in maths.
not only sings, she dances _______________.
doctor often _______________ the bottle _______________ medicine.
’s dangerous _______________ fire.
museum _______________ one of the best schools.
_______________ what I said after I had explained.
Chinese people _______________ to make their country strong.
ily they _______________ from a fire.
er always tells me not ____________ my clothes
____________ in the room.
’d better _______________ the food. It smells bad.
bridge _______________ by the flood.
13. My English teacher often ____________ her class ____________ an English song.
14. The sand can __________________________ moving towards the rich farmland.
