託福獨立寫作丨如何寫好獨立寫作結尾段
託福獨立寫作是託福寫作考試中的最後一項，大家需要根據給出題目選擇自己的觀點並加以論述。獨立寫作不僅要寫好開頭和內容，寫好結尾也很重要。下面小編給大家帶來託福獨立寫作丨如何寫好獨立寫作結尾段，希望對大家有所幫助。
託福獨立寫作丨如何寫好獨立寫作結尾段?
一.託福獨立寫作之建議性結尾
如果說“如此結論”是結尾最沒用的廢話，那麼“如此建議”應該是最有價值的廢話了，因爲這裏雖然也是廢話，但是卻用了一個很經典的虛擬語氣的句型。
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve l
這裏的虛擬語氣用得很經典，因爲考官本來經常考這個句型，而如果我們自己寫出來，你說考官會怎麼想呢?
更多句型：
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.
二.託福獨立寫作之結論性結尾
說完了，畢竟要歸納一番，相信各位都有這樣的經歷，領導長篇大論，到最後終於冒出個“總而言之”之類的話，我們馬上停止開小差，等待領導說結束語。也就是說，開頭很好，也必然要有一個精彩的結尾，讓讀者眼前一亮，你就可以拿高分了，比如下面的例子：
Obviously(此爲過渡短語), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise frompoliteness and respect for others.
更多過渡短語：
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus
更多句型：
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we canfind that…
託福寫作審題和佈局方法
一、審題的“精確性”
在上篇中，筆者已經介紹了部分考題中的“絕對性”的應對措施，而根據專家對於過去2年獨立寫作考題的分析，發現有90%以上的題目屬於“支持/反對”型：
2011.01.30
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
Because the change of the society is so rapidly, people are less happy or less satisfied with their life than people did in the past time.
而剩下的則是由“對比論述型”構成的：
2011.03.13
Some people think children should spend most of their time in studying and playing while others think they should help their parents with the household chores. What’s your opinion?
在審題時，考生必須首先把題目通讀1-3遍，徹底把握題目主旨後，方可進行段落佈局。在這裏，筆者結合自己的經驗給考生們一些建議：首先，判斷題目是否包含“絕對”含義的詞，若有，則按照上篇講過的建議佈局，若沒有，則對於同意或者反對的理由進行快速的brain storming, 然後根據分論點的數量及論點的可延展性來敲定立場：
Some people think that human needs for farmland, housing, and industry are more important than saving land for endangered animals. Do you agree or disagree with this point of view? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Disagree:
1) Endangered animals are valuable because of their limited quantities
2) Environment balance
3) Endangered animals sometimes stand for the country, so they are more valuable than farmlands
Agree:
1) life quality is the top priority
2) endangered animals can be raised in the zoos
經過一番考量，假如考生得出了上述的一些分論點及想法，這時候，主體段的佈局基本就可以敲定大方向了。第一種就是完全反對題目的說法，採用五段式結構佈局，每個主體段論證上述三個分論點中的一個;第二種也是反對題目的說法，採用五段式結構佈局，但是前2個主體段從三個分論點中選二個去論證，而第三個主體段從“同意”的二個分論點裏去選一個，最後的結論還是傾向於反對的。第三種是採用四段式結構佈局，即第一個主體段從三個反對意見中選擇二到三個分論點去寫，而第二個主體段則從贊同的分論點裏去選擇，數量上比前一段少一個即可，最後結論還是傾向於反對多一點。這樣說是不是有些同學看了會有點“暈”呢?那下面筆者就再舉個簡單點的例子吧：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television, newspapers, magazines, and other media pay too much attention to the personal lives of famous people such as public figures and celebrities. Use specific reasons and details to explain your opinion.
Disagree:
1) Most people are common, so they want to know something about famous ones
2) Famous people stand for some fashion
3) Constrain the public figures
4) Celebrities can improve the national cohesion and unity
又經過了幾分鐘思考，我們得出了上述的四個分論點，但是一時半會贊同的理由實在是想不出。若考試的時候遇到這種情況，千萬別猶豫不決，馬上從已經想好的觀點裏面進行挑選。於是，這個題目我們就採用完全反對的立場，以五段式結構佈局全文，主體段的分論點從上述四點中挑選三個展開論述即可。這樣一來，大家是不是明白一點了呢?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents or other adult relatives should make important decisions for their older (15 to 18 year-old) teenage children. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
Agree: Parents make decision for children.
1) Parents have more experience
2) 15-18 years old children are not adults, so they can't take responsibility
還有一種情況就是我們只能想出兩個分論點，這時候考生應該果斷採用四段式佈局，而這一次，兩個主體段都分別論述一個同意的理由，而在結尾時，可以順便提一些反對的理由，這樣也不失爲一種靈活的方法，希望考生們可以借鑑。
二、分論點的排列原則
專家提醒考生們，在佈局的時候我們不是隨意編排分論點的先後順序，而是需要有一定的邏輯性和合理性。一般說來，五段式的三個主體段，若都是同意或者都是反對的理由的話，一般這些分論點有兩種邏輯順序，即第一種按照“重要性”來排，將你認爲最主要的理由放在第一個主體段中詳細論證;第二種是按照“小到大”的原則，即個人方面的理由先寫，然後再是家庭，公司，最後再是社會，國家等。倘若所有的論點都是在一個範圍內的，比如都是屬於個人的論點，則這個時候要看這些分論點後續的論證內容的多少，比如某一個分論點你既舉得出例子，又可以進行對比或者因果論述的話那肯定應該先寫這個分論點，若某一個分論點後續能夠闡述的理由只有一句話的時候那就應該果斷地將其排在後面寫。若文章是四段式的結構，則在一個主體段中的排列順序和前面講的原則是一致的。
詳談提高託福寫作邏輯性的方法
託福獨立作文最重要的因素是什麼?當然是論點和論證。一篇好的作文，論點可以提綱挈領，論證可以豐富文章內容。
由於考試時間的限制，很多英語程度好的學生也會出現一些問題。比如說一個學生對作文的論點言之鑿鑿，但就是寫不出東西，或是寫不出令自己滿意的句子。所以，上考場前，腦中一定要裝一些東西，好的例子，好的句子等。
這裏強調論據的重要性，不是忽視邏輯和論點的重要性。相反，只要你能夠掌握一些萬能的論據，對你謀劃全篇的結構，以及段落髮展，是有好處的。
論據的準備也可以稱爲素材，可以多去亦鷗看看小夥伴們的寫作，這種素材可以是一個短語，一個人名，或是一個完整的例子。這種例子能夠輔佐你的亂點，能夠畫龍點睛。
仿寫也是提高作文的一大法寶，可以找到亦鷗考友們的高分作文來進行仿寫。仿寫的目的是提升語言，不求語言華麗，但求語言要地道。
把握好託福獨立寫作寫作思路
怎樣發展成爲一篇邏輯性很強的文章呢?下面爲大家介紹一些實戰做法：
1.首先應該審題，尤其關注作文題目中的絕對性詞彙。
比如：Improving school is most important factor to sucessful development of country. 看到most ，我們自然想到用他因法。
2.其次用20秒的時間，整理腦中所有能用的素材，讓這些素材稱爲支持你段落的骨架，然後開始確定段落的論點。
3.把握好過渡詞的使用，和適當的論述方法完善你的作文，使之成爲一個邏輯整體。
論述方法：條件(假設)法，比如：if 我按照論點那樣做，就能cause siginificant effects，除了用if，還能有with, when, only through + 方式+倒裝等。
4.儘量使你的語言句式豐富一些。
形式主語，主動，被動，動名詞To do作主語，倒裝句，there be，以及強調句等等。特別強調一點，爲了使你文章的邏輯清晰可見，要使用邏輯連接詞。
託福寫作範文：誠實是否是社團領導者最重要的品質
寫作題目
If you are selecting a leader for a student organization, honesty is the most important to consider in deciding whom to vote for. 如果爲學生社團選擇一位領導者，性格誠實應該是你選擇投票給誰時最重要的考慮因素。
寫作範文
Honesty is a good quality to lead a student organization. A lot of students vote for a campaign candidate who is loyal and honest as the best one to lead a student organization. As far as I am concerned, being honest is essential in running a students union; however there are other factors that draw the same attention.
Admittedly, telling the truth when dealing with student affairs is helpful for colleagues to improve. In order to fully support other workmate, directly telling them where the problem is and how to correct it are useful. For example, when a colleague who is new to the Office of Student Affairs, makes a mistake in correctly registering student’ names, plainly pointing out his mistake is necessary. In addition to this, it would be also appropriate to tell him that student’ handwritings are normally scratchy, and there would be more typos if he has not paid enough attention to them. In a word, being honest to his mistake would not discourage his working enterprise, but encourage him to work with more cautions. However, on balance, for a leader to manage the team well, being honest is not enough for the absolutely honest to others would hurt their feelings. To avoid this, we have to consider other factors as a leader of a student organization.
To begin with, admitting to personal mistakes is a crucial characteristics for a leader, which sets foundation for self-improvement. If one is unable to acknowledge where he has failed, he will never be able to begin the process of working on the areas of weakness. In order to be a strong leader, one has to make mistakes, and confront them with a desire to do better in the future. This has more to do with improving your competence as a leader, rather than how people perceive you. A leader will constantly be faced with tough decisions. Every leader thus has to take risks, but a good leader takes calculated risks. The only way to get better at this decision-making process is to make mistakes and learn from them. Also, if you are willing to make your mistakes public, the voters and colleagues may be willing to trust you to take bigger risks in the future.
In addition, how to cooperate with other teammates is also worth noticing. In other words, team cooperation is able to improve the efficiency when encountering difficulties. According to a survey conducted by Gallup, after polling hundreds of student leaders from universities in California, a significant percentage of them regard that being cooperative in dealing with problems could get everybody involved when making decisions. During the discussion, suggestions from different members would make the problems comprehensively considered, and hence minimizing the chance to ignoring certain aspects. Meanwhile, letting everyone have an opportunity to express his opinion makes them feel a part of the team, which is essential to build team spirit.
To sum up, there is no denying that honesty could help a student leader to run the organization. However, to consider it as the most important one is too absolute, and there are other factors, such as admitting to errors and teamwork, that are indispensable for a leader to take consideration.
