中英雙語話史記 第47期:獨尊儒術

Rise of Confucianism as Main State Ideology

獨尊儒術

Confucianism rose as the main state ideology during the time of Emperor Wudi in the Western Han Dynasty (206B.C.----8A.D.).

儒家思想在西漢（公元前206年至公元8年）武帝時期成爲了國家的主流意識。

In the Qin Dynasty (221—206B.C.), Legalism served as the state ideology

秦朝時（公元前221年至公元前206年），法家思想是國家的主流思想。

and at the beginning of the Han Dynasty (206B.C.—220A.D.), Laozi’s theory that was more moderate and humane was put into practice.

在漢朝（公元前206年至公元220年）初期，更爲溫和和仁慈的道家思想被實施。

However, Laozi’s thoughts did not fit Wudi’s political ambition to consolidate his position and strengthen his power when he became the emperor.

但是，在武帝執政時，道家思想與他渴望鞏固個人地位和加強個人統治的政治野心不符。

In 140 B.C, Confucian scholar Dong Zhongshu admonished the ruler to establish Taixue (an academy) to educate the crown prince and to produce elite for governmental offices.

公元前140年，儒學學者董仲書勸武帝建立太學（一種機構）來教導皇家子弟併爲政府機構提供精英人才。

He did an excellent job in answering questions raised by Wudi.

他完美地回答了武帝提出的問題。

Wudi was deeply impressed and attached great importance to Confucians and some were even assigned to the high positions of minister.

武帝對此印象深刻，因此重視儒學，有些儒學學者還被任命爲高級官員。

In Dong Zhongshu’s words, the ruler should pay supreme tribute to Confucianism while rejecting all other schools of thought.

董仲書說，當權者應該獨尊儒術，罷黜百家。

From then on, all government officials were required to learn and study the Confucian Classics and laws were interpreted accordingly.

從那時起，所有的政府官員都被要求學習儒家經典，法律也相應地作出解釋和說明。

The orthodox Confucianism helped to establish the ideological foundation in the feudal society of China.

傳統儒家思想幫助中國封建社會創建了思想基石。