中國本土汽車品牌難唱主角戲
That the Chinese car market has surpassed the US to become the world’s largest is a source of immense pride for the architects of China’s car boom. That the market is dominated by foreign brands is not, write Henry Foy and Tom Mitchell.
中國已經超過美國成爲世界第一大汽車市場，爲中國汽車繁榮的創造者帶來巨大的自豪感。但中國汽車市場主要被外國品牌佔據，這就不值得驕傲了。Chinese branded cars together account for less than 40 per cent of the total market of more than 18m vehicles in China, trailing well behind market leaders such as Germany’s Volkswagen and General Motors of the US.
中國汽車年銷量超過1800萬輛，但中國品牌汽車僅佔不到40%的份額，遠遠落後於德國大衆(Volkswagen)和美國通用汽車(General Motors)等外國企業。In the past, that gap was accepted because of rules that mean all foreign carmakers have to operate in China in a joint venture with a local player. Those rules were engineered to help Chinese companies get a foot up in the market by learning from their global partners, while both companies made money.
過去，人們可以接受這種差距，因爲根據規定，所有在華經營的外國汽車廠商必須與本土廠商建立合資企業。這一規定旨在幫助中國企業通過向跨國合作伙伴學習，提高市場競爭力，而中外資企業都能賺到錢。
But now the gap is growing at a rate that is alarming many in China, sparking a debate about how to reshape restrictions to encourage domestic players.
但如今，差距擴大之快令許多人警醒，並引發一場辯論：如何調整限制性規則，促進國內企業發展？At the same time, global brands that have become very rich selling cars to China’s growing middle class are considering ways to take a bigger slice of their joint ventures, and in some cases, joint-venture partners.
與此同時，跨國車企——面向中國日益壯大的中產階層銷售汽車已使它們獲利豐厚——正在考慮如何提高自身在合資企業中的出資比例，在某些情況下則是持有合資夥伴的股權。Volkswagen is considering increasing its stake in its Chinese joint venture with state-owned FAW to 50 per cent, from 40 per cent currently, chief executive Martin Winterkorn was quoted as saying in a newspaper interview last year.
大衆與中國國有企業一汽(FAW)組成了合資公司。大衆首席執行官文德恩(Martin Winterkorn)去年在接受報紙採訪時表示，大衆正考慮將其在合資企業中的持股比例從目前的40%提高到50%。Daimler, which sells Mercedes-Benz cars in China in a joint venture with Beijing Automotive, set a precedent last year when it bought a 12 per cent stake in the Chinese carmaker for
