中英雙語話史記 第18期:商朝政治狀況
Shang Dynasty
商朝
Political History
政治狀況
The Shang Dynasty was the second monarchical state in Chinese history.
商朝是中國歷史上第二個君主制國家。
Tang, the founder of Shang, having drawn lessons from the ruin of the previous dynasty,
湯——商朝的創立者，從前朝的覆滅中吸取了教訓，
treated his people benevolently and employed many able and virtuous ministers.
仁慈地對待他的臣民，並任用有能力且有德行的官員。
The Shang made great progresses in its economy during the reign of Tang.
商朝在湯在位期間在其經濟上取得了長足的進步。
While, due to political struggle for power in the imperial court and continuous wars with frontier tribes, Shang state moved its capital five times.
同時，由於朝廷內對於權力的政治鬥爭和與外部的不斷戰爭，商朝曾五次遷都。
The most notable move was during the reign of King Pangeng, the seventeenth king of the Shang.
其中最著名的一次是在盤庚——商朝的第十七任君主在位期間。
He reestablished the capital at Yin, in the neighborhood of present Xiaotuncun, in Anyang City of Henan Province.
他將都城重新遷回殷，也就是今天的河南省安陽市小屯村附近。
The new capital contributed a lot to the stable government of the Shang Dynasty afterwards.
新的都城後來對於商朝政府的穩定起到了很大作用。
Once the successful new capital was established, it did not change throughout the remainder of the Shang Dynasty.
新都一旦確立，商朝就再也沒有改變過都城。
Therefore, the Shang Dynasty is often called “the Yin” or “the Yin-Shang Dynasty”.
所以，商朝常常被稱爲“殷”或是“殷商”。
Another renowned Shang ruler was Wuding, the nephew of Pangeng.
商朝另一個著名的君主是盤庚的侄子，武丁。
He was an aspirant and benevolent king and always endeavored to make his kingdom strong.
他是一個有抱負的人也是一個仁慈地君主，他總是致力於讓國家更加強大。
Under his leadership, the empire of Shang made great achievements in its economy, which laid a foundation for the continuous development of following dynasties.
在他的領導下，商朝在經濟上取得累累碩果，這也爲之後的朝代奠定了基礎。
