詳細對比託福閱讀比雅思閱讀

很多人在橫向對比這兩個考試的時候，認爲託福比雅思更難更學術。比如，除了閱讀，託福的口語和寫作也都包含聽力環節，對大家的聽力水平提出了更高要求。然鵝!唯有閱讀這個部分，有人說雅思比託福難。此話當真?下面我們就來詳細對比一下託福和雅思的閱讀考試。

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託福閱讀比雅思閱讀簡單?詳細對比

根據總結，相比雅思，託福閱讀呈現以下特點：

No.1 託福閱讀題目考查更直觀

託福基本所有題目均爲ABCD形式的選擇題，只不過題目內部考查的側重點不同。而雅思閱讀的題型較多，不同的題型需要學生有不同的應考策略。

比如，雅思有一類判斷正誤題，要求考生除了判斷某個論述正確、錯誤還是NOTGIVEN(未提及)。這就很容易讓過度推斷的人被套路，通過文章的一些蛛絲馬跡進行了判斷，但其實文章並沒有直接的內容證據提供支持。

No.2 託福閱讀文章更強調學術性

正如上表所總結的，託福文章都是由出題人從學術研究中總結凝練改編而來，所以文章相對來說比較枯燥，語言很學術化，不生活化。而雅思的文章廣度上更大，有雜誌文章、書籍文章也有學術期刊文章，可讀性明顯要高很多。

也正因如此，託福文章的模式化程度更高，比如習慣在首段指明文章大意，每段段首句子寫明段落大意。大家在答題時似乎也更有“套路”可尋。

那麼，怎麼判斷託福和雅思哪個考試的閱讀更難呢?韓冰老師通過藍思指數(對文本複雜度進行衡量的工具)對比了雅思劍14的12篇文章和託福TPO59-62的12篇文章。

從結果來看，託福和雅思的閱讀文章的藍思指數綜合平均值均爲1290左右，相當於美國高中10-11年級(高一高二)的文本閱讀難度;平均句長是21個單詞;對考生的詞彙量要求也十分相近。

唯有在文章長度上，雅思明顯難於託福。雅思文章平均達到了862詞，而託福穩定在700詞左右。但考慮到托福考生是對着屏幕閱讀，會降低大家的閱讀速度，所以兩者的文本閱讀難度其實是差不多的。

根據ETS發佈的《2018全球託福成績報告》，中國大陸托福考生託福平均分爲80分，其中託福閱讀爲21分。而《2018中國大陸地區雅思考生學術表現白皮書》顯示，中國大陸地區雅思考生平均分爲5.72分，其中雅思閱讀平均分爲6.15分。

託福閱讀真題練習：籃球製作

託福閱讀文本：

The Native Americans of northern California were highly skilled at basketry,using the reeds,grasses, barks, and roots they found around them to fashionarticles of all sorts and sizes — not only trays, containers, and cooking pots,but hats, boats, fish traps, baby carriers, and ceremonial objects.

Of all these experts, none excelled the Pomo — a group who lived on or nearthe coast during the 1800's, and whose descendants continue to live in parts ofthe same region to this day. They made baskets three feet in diameter and othersno bigger than a thimble. The Pomo people were masters of decoration. Some oftheir baskets were completely covered with shell pendants; others with feathersthat made the baskets' surfaces as soft as the breasts of birds. Moreover, thePomo people made use of more weaving techniques than did their neighbors. Mostgroups made all their basketwork by twining — the twisting of a flexiblehorizontal material, called a weft, around stiffer vertical strands of material,the warp. Others depended primarily on coiling — a process in which a continuouscoil of stiff material is held in the desired shape with tight wrapping offlexible strands. Only the Pomo people used both processes with equal ease andfrequency. In addition, they made use of four distinct variations on the basictwining process, often employing more than one of them in a single article.

Although a wide variety of materials was available, the Pomo people used onlya few. The warp was always made of willow, and the most commonly used weft wassedge root, a woody fiber that could easily be separated into strands no thickerthan a thread. For color, the Pomo people used the bark of redbud for theirtwined work and dyed bullrush root for black in coiled work. Though othermaterials were sometimes used, these four were the staples in their finestbasketry.

If the basketry materials used by the Pomo people were limited, the designswere amazingly varied. Every Pomo basketmaker knew how to produce from fifteento twenty distinct patterns that could be combined in a number of differentways.

託福閱讀題目：

1. What best distinguished Pomo baskets

from baskets of other groups?

(A) The range of sizes, shapes, and designs

(B) The unusual geometric

(C) The absence of decoration

(D) The rare materials used

2. The word "fashion" in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) maintain

(B) organize

(C) trade

(D) create

3. The Pomo people used each of the following materials to decorate basketsEXCEPT

(A) shells

(B) feathers

(C) leaves

(D) bark

4. What is the author's main point in the second paragraph?

(A) The neighbors of the Pomo people tried to improve on the Pomo basketweaving techniques.

(B) The Pomo people were the most skilled basket weavers in their region.

(C) The Pomo people learned their basket weaving techniques from other NativeAmericans.

(D) The Pomo baskets have been handed down for generations.

5. The word "others " in line 9 refers to

(A) masters

(B) baskets

(C) pendants

(D) surfaces

rding to the passage , a weft is a

(A) tool for separating sedge root

(B) process used for coloring baskets

(C) pliable maternal woven around the warp

(D) pattern used to decorate baskets

rding to the passage , what did the Pomo people use as the warp intheir baskets?

(A) bullrush

(B) willow

(C) sedge

(D) redbud

8. The word "article" in line 17 is close in meaning to

(A) decoration

(B) shape

(C) design

(D) object

9. According to the passage . The relationship between redbud and twining ismost similar to the

relationship between

(A) bullrush and coiling

(B) weft and warp

(C) willow and feathers

(D) sedge and weaving

10. The word "staples" in line 23 is closest in meaning to

(A) combinations

(B) limitations

(C) accessories

(D) basic elements

11. The word "distinct" in lime 26 is closest in meaning to

(A) systematic

(B) beautiful

(C) different

(D) compatible

12. Which of the following statements about Pomo baskets can be best inferredfrom the passage ?

(A) Baskets produced by other Native Americans were less varied in designthan those of the

Pomo people.

(B) Baskets produced by Pomo weavers were primarily for ceremonialpurposes.

(C) There were a very limited number of basketmaking materials available tothe Pomo people.

(D) The basketmaking production of the Pomo people has increased over theyears.

託福閱讀答案：

BDCBB CBDAD CA

託福閱讀真題練習：水形成

託福閱讀文本：

The geology of the Earth's surface is dominated by the particular propertiesof water. Present on Earth in solid, liquid, and gaseous states, water isexceptionally reactive. It dissolves, transports,and precipitates many chemicalcompounds and is constantly modifying the face of the Earth.

Evaporated from the oceans, water vapor forms clouds, some of which aretransported by wind over the continents. Condensation from the clouds providesthe essential agent of continental erosion: rain. Precipitated onto the ground,the water trickles down to form brooks, streams, and rivers, constituting whatare called the hydrographic network. This immense polarized network channels thewater toward a single receptacle: an ocean. Gravity dominates this entire stepin the cycle because water tends to minimize its potential energy by runningfrom high altitudes toward the reference point, that is, sea level.

The rate at which a molecule of water passes though the cycle is not randombut is a measure of the relative size of the various reservoirs. If we defineresidence time as the average time for a water molecule to pass through one ofthe three reservoirs — atmosphere, continent, and ocean — we see that the timesare very different. A water molecule stays, on average, eleven days in theatmosphere, one hundred years on a continent and forty thousand years in theocean. This last figure shows the importance of the ocean as the principalreservoir of the hydrosphere but also the rapidity of water transport on thecontinents.

A vast chemical separation process takes places during the flow of water overthe continents. Soluble ions such as calcium, sodium, potassium, and somemagnesium are dissolved and transported. Insoluble ions such as aluminum, iron,and silicon stay where they are and form the thin, fertile skin of soil on whichvegetation can grow. Sometimes soils are destroyed and transported mechanicallyduring flooding. The erosion of the continents thus results from two closelylinked and interdependent processes, chemical erosion and mechanical r respective interactions and efficiency depend on different factors.

託福閱讀題目：

1. The word "modifying" in line 4 is closest in meaning to

(A) changing

(B) traveling

(C) describing

(D) destroying

2. The word "which" in line 5 refers to

(A) clouds

(B) oceans

(C) continents

(D) compounds

rding to the passage , clouds are primarily formed by water

(A) precipitating onto the ground

(B) changing from a solid to a liquid state

(C) evaporating from the oceans

(D) being carried by wind

4. The passage suggests that the purpose of the "hydrographic network" (line8) is to

(A) determine the size of molecules of water

(B) prevent soil erosion caused by flooding

(C) move water from the Earth's surface to the oceans

(D) regulate the rate of water flow from streams and rivers

5. What determines the rate at which a molecule of water moves through thecycle, as discussed in

the third paragraph?

(A) The potential energy contained in water

(B) The effects of atmospheric pressure on chemical compounds

(C) The amounts of rainfall that fall on the continents

(D) The relative size of the water storage areas

6. The word "rapidity" in line 19 is closest in meaning to

(A) significance

(B) method

(C) swiftness

(D) reliability

7. The word "they" in line 24 refers to

(A) insoluble ions

(B) soluble ions

(C) soils

(D) continents

of the following are example of soluble ions EXCEPT

(A) magnesium

(B) iron

(C) potassium

(D) calcium

9. The word "efficiency" in line 27 is closest in meaning to

(A) relationship

(B) growth

(C) influence

(D) effectiveness

託福閱讀答案：

AACCD CABD

託福閱讀比雅思閱讀簡單?詳細對比